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Biomedical subjects

M House

Publications and source records attributed to M House.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of mesenteric lymphadenography performed via surgical and laparoscopic approaches in dogs.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether injection of a mesenteric lymph node with iodinated aqueous contrast medium results in radiographic delineation of the thoracic duct and its branches, ascertain the ideal interval between injection and radiographic imaging, and evaluate mesenteric lymphadenography performed via laparoscopic and surgical approaches in dogs. ANIMALS: 10 adult dogs. PROCEDURE: In each dog, a right paracostal laparotomy or a right laparoscopic approach was performed to identify a mesenteric lymph node for injection of an iodinated aqueous contrast agent (0.22 mL/kg [81.4 mg of iodine/kg]). Lateral radiographic views were obtained at 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 seconds after injection. RESULTS: A mesenteric lymph node was identified and injected with contrast medium in each dog. Via paracostal laparotomy, lymph node injection resulted in successful lymphangiographic evaluation in 4 of 5 dogs, whereas via the laparoscopic approach, lymph node injection resulted in successful lymphangio-graphic evaluation in 2 of 5 dogs. In successful radiographic evaluations, injected lymph nodes, mesenteric lymphatics, and the thoracic duct and its branches were delineated. Radiographs obtained at 60 and 120 seconds after injection of contrast medium provided the most detail. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Injection of a mesenteric lymph node directly with contrast medium appears to be a feasible technique for delineation of the thoracic duct and its branches in dogs and might be useful in small animals in which mesenteric lymphatic catheterization can be difficult and lymphangiography is more likely to fail. Refinement of the laparoscopic technique may provide a minimally invasive approach to lymphadenography.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Mechanism of posterior semicircular canal stimulation in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

A quantitative study of the stimuli and vestibulo-ocular response associated with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was made to test and further develop the canalithiasis theory of BPPV. The angular velocities of the head in the planes of the semicircular canals during the Dix-Hallpike test were measured in four healthy subjects using electromagnetic sensors to record the position of the head in a six degrees of freedom paradigm. Next, the nystagmus reactions in seven patients diagnosed with idiopathic BPPV were recorded with video-oculography. The characteristics of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) response were analyzed using three-dimensional vector techniques. The angular velocity of the head was primarily, but not exclusively, in the plane of the posterior semicircular canal (PSC) in question. Both the anterior and horizontal canals were also stimulated by a lesser degree. The duration of the motion stimulus in the PSC was < 1.3 s with peak angular velocities of 150 deg/s. The eye response in BPPV patients began 4 s after the test and had a duration of 15-20 s. Peak slow-component eye velocities of about 42 deg/s were reached 3-5 s after onset of nystagmus. The motion of the eye, as predicted by the cupulolithiasis theory, is disconjugated and has torsional, vertical, and horizontal components. In the eye ipsilateral to the tested ear it is primarily torsional (0.80, 0.54, 0.16) and in the contralateral eye it is mainly vertical (0.57, 0.73, 0.08). These results suggest that particles, initially resting on the floor of the cupula dome in the PSC, are perturbed by the Dix-Hallpike test and disperse freely into the endolymph where they are propelled by gravity into the canal lumen. This creates abnormal pressure on the cupula and the specific VOR activation of the ipsilateral superior oblique and the contralateral inferior rectus muscles, whose force vectors are indistinguishable from the measured eye motion vectors. The estimated pressure exerted on the crista is approximately 10(-2) dyn/cm2.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A randomized, controlled trial of child psychiatric assessments conducted using videoconferencing.

We used a PC-based videoconferencing system to conduct child psychiatry assessments. The telecommunications link was six digital lines, giving a total bandwidth of 336 kbit/s. Twenty-three patients (aged 4-16 years), accompanied by their parents, completed two psychiatric assessments, one via videoconferencing and another face to face (FTF). The order of assessments was randomized. Questionnaires were used to record the diagnosis, treatment recommendations and the psychiatrists', patients' and their parents' satisfaction with each assessment. An independent evaluator concluded that in 22 cases (96%) the diagnosis and treatment recommendations made via the videoconferencing system were the same as those made FTF. The psychiatrists stated that videoconferencing assessments were an adequate alternative to FTF assessments and did not interfere with diagnosis. However, the responses from the psychiatrist satisfaction questionnaire showed that they preferred FTF assessments. No significant difference was found in the patients' or parents' satisfaction responses after the two types of assessment. The majority of children (82%) 'liked' using the telepsychiatry system and six (26%) preferred it to a FTF assessment. Most parents (91%) indicated that they would prefer to use the videoconferencing system than to travel a long distance to see a psychiatrist in person.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of normal and abnormal lips in fetuses: comparison between three- and two-dimensional sonography.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if three-dimensional (3D) sonography could improve prenatal evaluation of fetal lips in comparison with conventional two-dimensional (2D) sonography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one high-risk pregnant women and 10 low-risk pregnant women were examined with conventional 2D sonography followed by 3D sonography with a volume transducer. The ability to visualize cleft lips and normal lips was compared between the two techniques. RESULTS: Of the 71 fetuses studied, faces were seen in 68 and not seen in three by either 2D or 3D sonography. Abnormal lips were seen in five fetuses on both 2D and 3D sonograms. Of the remaining fetuses, 3D sonography was able to confirm the presence of a normal lip in 92% (58/63) compared with 76% (48/63) with 2D sonography. In the subgroup of fetuses less than 24 weeks' estimated gestational age, 3D sonography confirmed a normal lip in 93% (38/41) of fetuses as compared with 68% (28/41) for 2D sonography. There was no difference between 3D and 2D in the subgroup of fetuses older than 24 weeks. One false-positive finding of cleft lip was observed at 36 weeks' gestational age with the rendered surface display on 3D sonography, whereas the 3D planar views of the same volume showed the lips to be normal. CONCLUSION: 3D sonography was able to confirm the presence of normal lips more frequently than did 2D sonography in fetuses less than 24 weeks' gestational age. Abnormal lips were seen on both 2D and 3D sonograms; however, 3D images of cleft lip were easier to understand for both the family and clinical colleagues.

Cleft Lip↗