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Biomedical subjects

M Huet

Publications and source records attributed to M Huet.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[In vitro titration of tetanus antitoxin].

In vitro methods are used as an alternative to the expensive and time-consuming official method in mice for the titration of tetanus antibodies. Numerous techniques have been developed and used for this purpose, but with mixed results. The difficulty is to get good correlation with in vivo units whatever the vaccinal status of the individual. Today, some of these serological techniques have been virtually abandoned in favor of others which are becoming widespread. RIA is still used, but only in laboratories which already have the necessary equipment and skill. It is gradually replaced by ELISA, a rather delicate technique which however has kept its promises and is amenable to further progress. Passive haemagglutination has been greatly improved by the use of turkey erythrocytes. With this modification, this technique becomes reliable and sensitive and is apparently able to give good results for a large number of sera in case of mass investigation as well as for a quick estimate of the protective level in an individual.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1986

Identification of a alpha-NeuAc-(2----3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyltransferase in human kidney.

Microsomal preparations from human kidney were found to contain enzymic activity capable to transfer N-acetylgalactosamine from UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine to native bovine fetuin. The acceptor structures on the fetuin molecules were identified as N- as well as O-linked glycans with a markedly higher incorporation into the N-linked carbohydrate chains. Analysis of the alkali-labile transferase products by thin-layer chromatography indicated that the enzyme is able to synthesize structures having mobilities identical with those found on glycophorin from Cad erythrocytes. Mild acid treatment and enzymic hydrolysis with N-acetylhexosaminidase from jack beans of the N-linked transferase products suggested that beta-D-GalpNAc-(1----4)-[alpha-NeuAc-(2----3)]-beta-D-Galp-(1----s tructures were formed by the enzymic reaction on both N- and O-linked acceptors. The enzyme might, therefore, be involved in the biosynthesis of Sda (and Cad) antigenic structures. By use of various oligosaccharides, glycopeptides, and glycolipids having well characterized carbohydrate sequences, the acceptor-substrate specificity of the N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase was determined. The enzyme generally recognized alpha-NeuAc-(2----3)-beta-D-Gal groups as acceptors, but in a certain conformation. Thus, tri- and tetra-saccharide alditols, native human glycophorin A, and GM3 were not acceptor substrates although they carry the potential disaccharide acceptor unit. When these structures were presented as sialyl-(2----3)-lactose or as a tryptic peptide from glycophorin A, they were shown to be rather good acceptor substrates for the N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyltransferase from human kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

An acute leukaemia augured before clinical signs by blood group antigen abnormalities and low levels of A and H blood group transferase activities in erythrocytes.

A mixed field agglutination pattern with anti-A reagents and very low levels of A and H blood group antigen specific transferase activities were found in the erythrocytes of a 4-year-old girl who presented no clinical signs of haematological disease. Blood and marrow examination displayed some features consistent with a moderate dysmyelopoietic state. 18 months later an acute myeloblastic leukaemia confirmed the suspected haematological malignancy.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1986

[Live oral typhoid vaccine Ty 21 a. An original method of manufacturing and distribution].

Oral immunization against typhoid using Ty 21 a strain did not meet the anticipated success. This vaccine is too expensive for countries which actually need immunization. The suitable form of the vaccine is not yet clearly defined. Our proposal therefore is to give up freeze-drying and to use fresh suspended live bacilli. We have established that this form is stable enough (at least one week at + 4 degrees C) to allow necessary controls and good dispatch. More, the colonization of digestive tract should be easier when the vaccine is given as a liquid than as capsules with a dry content.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Specificity of anti-Mg antibody--a study with synthetic peptides and glycopeptides.

The specificity of a human anti-Mg antibody has been evaluated by agglutination-inhibition assays using several peptides and glycopeptides structurally related to the N-terminal end of glycophorin A, which were obtained by chemical synthesis. We have shown that the anti-Mg antibody is strongly inhibited by pentapeptides containing a leucine residue at their N-terminal end. Glycosylations of these peptides at positions 2, 3 and 4 by N-acetylgalactosamine and/or galactose-beta 1-3-N-acetylgalactosamine units abolish the biological activity, as well as the masking of the leucine residue by addition of N-acetylglycine. The results demonstrate also that the presence of an asparagine residue at position 4 of the pentapeptides (or glycopeptides) is not a requirement for Mg specificity and suggest that the antibody recognizes primarily a nonglycosylated peptide structure with an N-terminal leucine residue.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1981

Histofluorescence study and biochemical assay of catecholamines (dopamine and noradrenaline) during the course of arm-tip regeneration in the starfish, Asterina gibbosa (Echinodermata, Asteroidea).

In the starfish, Asterina gibbosa, the histofluorescence method gives evidence of an aminergic activity in the course of arm-tip regeneration. This activity can be detected as variations in the localization and intensity of a green fluorescence in the nerve structures of the arm, the radial nerve, and the circumoral nerve ring connected to it. Biochemical assays reveal that dopamine levels increase on the 2nd and 4th days of regeneration, when the blastema is forming and when differentiation commences. The level of noradrenaline also increases on the 2nd day after amputation of the arm.

Animals↗