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Biomedical subjects

M Husni

Publications and source records attributed to M Husni.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Seasonal affective disorder in an Arctic community.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of seasonal-pattern depression in an Inuit community above 70 degrees N. METHOD: One-hundred and eleven people from randomly selected households were surveyed for depression and anxiety and the effect of the seasons on their mood. Eighty-eight people provided replies on the influence of the seasons. RESULTS: One in five (22.6%) of the community sample was found to be depressed. Of these, seven (6.3%) had seasonal affective disorder (SAD), with fall onset occurring in six of these (5.4%). Subsyndromal SAD (SSAD) occurred in 11.7%, while any effect of the seasons (seasonality) occurred in 39.6%. Persons with SSAD and seasonality were significantly older than those unaffected by the seasonal effect. No other significant correlation of SAD, SSAD, or seasonality occurred with gender, age, and language preference. CONCLUSION: Seasonal mood changes in this Inuit group living in the Canadian Arctic are elevated above the rates found in other studies using similar survey methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Pulmonary uptake of technetium-99m-sestamibi induced by dipyridamole-based stress or exercise.

UNLABELLED: On poststress images with 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI), increased lung uptake of the radiotracer may reflect severe or multivessel coronary artery disease. METHODS: We measured pulmonary/myocardial ratios of MIBI at standardized times on immediate poststress acquisitions and on delayed tomographic acquisitions. In 1500 sequential patients referred for rest and stress myocardial tomography, ancillary planar images were obtained 4 min postinjection at peak stress with exercise, either alone (exercise, n = 674), or after intravenous dipyridamole (dipyridamole, n = 826). RESULTS: Based on 95% confidence limits in the angiographic normals, high values for immediate acquisitions were found in 17% of dipyridamole studies and 15% of exercise studies. High values for delayed acquisitions were found in 10% of dipyridamole studies and 9% of exercise studies. For both stress modes, increased values were related (p < 0.001) to ischemic perfusion defects for immediate images, to fixed defects for delayed images, and to ventricular dilation in both cases. By logistic regression analysis, body weight and history of infarction were also minor independent determinants (p < 0.01) of delayed acquisitions. In a subset of 250 cases with angiographic correlation (163 with dipyridamole; 87 with exercise), immediate lung uptake was highly correlated with ventricular dysfunction and with coronary stenoses (p < 0.0001). Relationships were similar to those in a historic control series imaged with 201TI. Values for delayed poststress images, and for corresponding rest images, showed strong relationships to ventricular dysfunction but not to stenosis severity. CONCLUSION: The relationships of immediate lung uptake to scintigraphic and angiographic disease patterns suggest its possible diagnostic use as an indicator of stress-induced ventricular decompensation.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1995

The VEX-test for myocardial scintigraphy with thallium-201 and sestamibi: effect on abdominal background activity.

UNLABELLED: High abdominal background activity of 99mTc-sestamibi may interfere with the diagnosis in studies in which a coronary vasodilator is used; supplemental dynamic exercise might reduce this problem. METHODS: Clinical and angiographic determinants of subdiaphragmatic-to-myocardial activity ratios were measured on immediate poststress left anterior oblique images and on corresponding tomographic studies 1 hr after injection in 600 sestamibi studies. Similar measurements were made in 550 historic controls with planar 201Tl imaging. Patients performed symptom-limited ergometry when there were no limiting factors, dipyridamole-handgrip in which ergometry was not possible and VEX (vasodilator followed by symptom-limited ergometry) in which exercise capacity was reduced. RESULTS: Abdominal activity was higher with sestamibi than with 201Tl, in women versus men, and with dipyridamole-based tests compared to exercise alone. Compared to the dipyridamole-handgrip, 3 min of ergometry as part of VEX decreased abdominal background (p < or = 0.02) by 18% on immediate 201Tl images, by 13% on immediate sestamibi images and by 12% on 1-hr delayed sestamibi tomoacquisitions. CONCLUSIONS: Poststress abdominal background activity is influenced by similar factors with both agents. Supplemental exercise following dipyridamole reduces potentially interfering abdominal activity but perhaps not as efficiently with sestamibi as with 201Tl.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1994

Dynamic renal imaging with technetium-99m-sestamibi in hypertension: potential for assessment of renovascular disorders.

UNLABELLED: The myocardial perfusion agent, 99mTc-sestamibi (MIBI), offers the potential to combine renal and myocardial imaging because of high initial renal extraction and significant renal clearance. METHODS: Dynamic renal imaging was performed during rest MIBI injections in 3 normal subjects (NS) and 91 patients referred for cardiac assessment. Ten served as normal controls, and 81 were hypertensive. Renal activity of MIBI during the first transit, uptake and excretory phases of the study was quantified. These data were compared with the normal kinetics of 99mTc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) in concurrent studies. RESULTS: With MIBI, clear definition of the kidneys was possible on all phases in most studies; occasionally, overlap with liver or spleen provided a minor problem. Renal MIBI activity reached levels 70% greater than DTPA during first transit and remained higher throughout the study; renal/background activity ratios were also higher on the MIBI study (p < 0.001). During the excretory phase with MIBI, hepatic and splenic activity did not decline, and gut activity increased. In NS, 40% of the total activity was excreted in the urine in 1 hr; urinary MIBI clearances approximated creatinine clearance. Asymmetry in initial renal uptake was seen in 14 of 81 hypertensive patients (17%); renal cysts and aortic dilatation could also be identified. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that ancillary renography during rest injection of MIBI could be a useful addition to the cardiovascular assessment of selected patients.

Half-Life↗
PubMed1993

Attracting adult New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax, to odour-baited targets in the field.

A field study in Libya investigated aspects of Cochliomyia hominivorax behaviour relevant to the operation of a target-based control system. Flies were readily caught by electrified targets, but only when baited with the attractant 'swormlure-4'. Target size (0.25-1 m2) did not affect catch, but black targets caught twice as many flies as red ones. Omitting the most volatile component of swormlure-4, dimethyl disulphide, significantly reduced catches of both sexes of C.hominivorax in wind-orientated traps, but only reduced the capture of females significantly on targets. A new polythene sachet dispenser for odours was tested; four to six such sachets filled with swormlure-4 less dimethyl disulphide gave an equivalent catch to one of the standard bottle plus wick dispensers using the same attractant, although they dispensed odour at about half the rate. From direct observations, fewer than 40% of flies contacted the target for more than 10 s on any one visit. From catches on an intermittently-active electrocuting grid, it was calculated that there is a c. 40% rate of multiple contacts of flies with the target.

Animals↗