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Biomedical subjects

M I Asher

Publications and source records attributed to M I Asher.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Primary lung abscess in childhood: the long-term outcome of conservative management.

Fourteen cases of primary lung abscess in childhood were treated with antibiotics alone. The only organism discovered was Staphylococcus aureus. All the children recovered. Roentgenographic abnormalities took from six weeks to more than five years to resolve. Recently, follow-up of 11 of the 14 children was performed an average of nine years after treatment of the abscess. In all children, the clinical status, lung volumes, and expiratory flow rates were normal, except in two with asthma. A conservative approach to the management of primary lung abscess in children is recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of pleural pressure in neonates.

The indirect measurement of pleural pressure in neonates is obtained from measurements of esophageal pressure (Pes) with either a liquid-filled catheter or an esophageal balloon-catheter system. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the validity of the water-filled esophageal catheter by comparing the simultaneous changes in Pes and airway opening pressure (Pao) during occluded respiratory efforts. Equal changes in Pes and Pao under this condition indicate that Pes is a valid measurement of pleural pressure. In six healthy unsedated term neonates (aged 2-3 days) we measured Pes in the lower third of the esophagus with a water-filled catheter of eight French gage (FC), which has a 2-mm internal diameter. During occlusions, changes in Pes and Pao were almost identical in magnitude and timing in each body position studied (right lateral, prone, and supine). We conclude that the water-filled 8-FG esophageal catheter gives an accurate measurement of pleural pressure changes in healthy neonates.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1982

The effects of inspiratory muscle training in patients with cystic fibrosis.

This study evaluated whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT) could increase inspiratory muscle strength and endurance and exercise performance in 11 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) with moderately severe airflow limitation. The IMT consisted of breathing through an inspiratory resistance (IR) for 15 min twice daily for 4 wk, preceded or followed by a 4-wk control period. After IMT, there was an increase in inspiratory muscle strength measured by maximal inspiratory mouth pressure at functional residual capacity: 74 +/- 18 cmH2O before training to 81 +/- 12 cmH2O after training, mean +/- 1 SD, p less than 0.025, and in inspiratory muscle endurance measured by the maximal IR tolerated for 10 min. Limitation of performance in the progressive exercise test was related to increased airflow limitation and possibly to poor nutrition. Mean exercise performance during progressive or submaximal exercise testing did not change after training. It is concluded that this form of IMT improved inspiratory muscle strength and endurance, but had little effect on exercise performance in patients with CF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The effect of digoxin on exercise capacity and exercising cardiac function in cystic fibrosis.

The ability of digoxin to increase exercise capacity and stroke volume (SV) during exercise was evaluated in ten patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) ages 12 to 20 years with moderate to severe degrees of airway obstruction but no history of heart failure. A double-blind crossover trial of digoxin versus placebo was carried out. An evaluation of exercise performance was undertaken upon entry into the study, and after each of the one-week periods in which digoxin 0.25 mg/day or placebo was taken. Exercise testing consisted of a progressive exercise test on a cycle ergometer to measure maximum work capacity (Wmax) and a steady state test at 2/3 of the baseline Wmax. During the steady state test, the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were measured and cardiac output (Q) was calculated by the indirect Fick (CO2) method. From Q and heart rate (HR), SV was derived. After digoxin, Wmax was unchanged. On steady state exercise HR was unchanged, but there was a slight but significant fall in Q due to a fall in SV. The decrease in SV was associated with exercising hypoxemia. We conclude that digoxin did not increase exercise capacity or improve exercising cardiac function in patients with moderate to severe airway obstruction due to CF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Child health of Great Barrier Island.

The health of 69 children on Great Barrier Island was studied. This is an isolated community without a permanent doctor, and most children were healthy. Ear disease was the commonest problem, especially in Maori children. Problems of impetigo, scabies, rheumatic fever and dental caries were not present. Comparisons are made with the results of a recent Auckland study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Autoimmune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura in pregnancy and the newborn.

The effects of autoimmune (or idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP) on 51 pregnancies in 29 women is presented. There is no convincing evidence that the clinical course of ATP is influenced by pregnancy. There was no increased incidence of obstetric complications. No problems were encountered following spontaneous vaginal delivery or low forceps delivery. There were no perinatal deaths. Twenty newborn infants were studied in detail and significant thrombocytopenia was present in half of them. The severity of thrombocytopenia in the newborn correlated closely with the severity of maternal disease; those women in clinical remission following splenectomy but with presumed high levels of antiplatelet antibodies were those most likely to be delivered of affected newborn infants. The cord blood platelet count was the most reliable guide to the potential severity of the neonatal thrombocytopenia. Platelet counts were lowest between the second and fourth days of neonatal life. The management of the severely affected infant is discussed.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1975

Cot deaths in Southland.

Cot deaths in Southland, New Zealand, were studied over a five-year period, from 1968 to 1972. The epidemiological and pathological features of the 40 deaths are reviewed and are found to be similar to most other studies. The possible relationship between selenium deficiency and cot deaths is discussed. Comparisons are made with the results of an Auckland study.

Age Factors↗