PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M I Perel'man

Publications and source records attributed to M I Perel'man.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Broncho-esophageal fistula].

The authors analyse experience in the examination and treatment of 69 patients with bronchoesophageal fistulas (33 males and 36 females aged from 13 to 66). The etiological factors, pathogenesis, and clinical symptomatology of bronchial fistulas are discussed. The modern methods for the diagnosis of this pathological condition are indicated, the main ones being radiological and endoscopic methods. The indications for radical and palliative operations in bronchoesophageal fistulas are determined and their techniques are described. The methods for the prevention of complications are discussed. The late-term results of nonoperative treatment and various types of operations were studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Mental state of patients with restricted forms of pulmonary tuberculosis].

The procedure of the multimodality personality investigation (MMPI) to examine the mental status and personality traits of 61 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis of limited extent. The clinical and psychodiagnostic examination has revealed the following general types of a response to the disease: alienation from the people around, depressive reaction (18%), negative attitude to treatment (16.1% of the patients refused treatment and 13.1% refused surgical treatment), social adaptation impairment, neglect of the generally accepted behaviour patterns and schizoid personality traits. Along with this, the individual forms of a response to disease detection were determined. They were manifested by a number of symptom complexes: hypochondriac (13.6%), anxiety-depressive (18.4%) and paranoid (9.1%). These mental disorders gravely affected the patients and made treatment of the basic disease more complicated. A long-term conservative treatment aggravated depression and hysterical and schizoid personality traits. The mental status and the types of response were shown to differ from the same reactions in somatic patients with other abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A method of taking the heart and a block from both lungs of one donor for transplantation to two recipients (experimental study)].

A method allowing a heart and block of two lungs of one donor to be transplanted to two recipients was elaborated on 20 human cadavers. First the heart and then the lung transplants are removed. The main peculiarity of the method consists in optimal separation of the left atrial wall between the donor's heart and the block of two lungs. A method for the formation of a cuff of the left atrium which makes inspection and orientation in the anatomical structures easier is suggested.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1991

[Transplantation of the lungs].

The paper is concerned with current status of lung transplantation. The problem was studied by the author in his own experiments, in clinics of Canada and USA. Literature data are reviewed. Special attention is focused on indications for the transplantation, taking and preservation of the transplant, prevention of the rejection, difficulties of clinical introduction of lung transplantation in this country.

Canada↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical treatment of tracheal bifurcation].

Ninety-eight patients underwent operation for stenosing diseases of the bifurcation of the trachea at the Department of Lung and Mediastinal Surgery of the National Research Center of Surgery (Moscow) from 1963 to 1990. There were 44 females and 54 males. Their ages ranged from 6 to 69, average age of 38.2 years. The indications for the operation were as follows: malignant tumours in 84, benign tumours in 7, post-tuberculosis+ cicatricial tracheobronchial stenosis in 6 patients, and branchiogenic cyst in one patient. Surgical interventions were carried out in 86 and only endoscopic operations in 12 patients. The variants of radical operations were: resection of the bifurcation of the trachea with removal of apart of or the whole lung (41); resection of the bifurcation of the trachea with preservation of both functioning lungs (17); resection of the bifurcation of the trachea with exclusion of the left lung from ventilation (17); decompression of the region of the bifurcation of the trachea (2). The immediate postoperative period was uneventful in 51 patients. Complications occurred in 47 patients, 30 of them died. Three-year survival was recorded in 53%, 5-year survival in 48%, and 10-year survival in 40.3% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Tracheoesophageal fistulas].

The article analyses experience in the examination and treatment of 41 patients (28 males and 13 females) with tracheoesophageal fistulas. Their ages ranged from 8 to 69 years. The etiological factors, pathogenesis, and clinical symptomatology of tracheoesophageal fistulas are discussed. The modern methods of the diagnosis of this pathological condition are treated of, the main one among them is radioendoscopic examination. The indications for radical, conditionally radical, and palliative operations in tracheoesophageal fistulas are determined, their techniques are described, and the methods for the prevention of complications are outlined. The late-term results of various types of operations were studied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Dynamics od reparative processes in bronchial stump after pneumonectomy in experimental animals].

Repair processes in the bronchus stump after pneumonectomy in 25 rats and 25 guinea-pigs were analysed. The tests were conducted on 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days of the postoperative period using bronchus stump and its bottom material for semithin ++ slices and electron microscopy, respectively. At early stages, besides necrotic and necrobiotic changes in the bronchus stump, compensatory and adaptive reactions are also observed. 14 days after operation there was a restoration of epithelial lining and formation of granulation tissue around the stitches. By the 30-th day considerable degenerative and functional changes are detected in the lamina proper, including its cellular elements, as well as in the structure of collagenic, elastic and smooth muscular fibers. Basal cells, endotheliocytes and fibroblasts are the most active sources of regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Late results of the combined treatment of small-cell lung cancer].

The paper discusses an experience with combined treatment of 104 cases of small-cell lung cancer which included surgery. Small size of tumor matched by absence of regional and distant metastases was the major indication for surgery. All patients received chemoradiation treatment; 82 of them were followed up. Mean survival of operated patients was 35.5 months, and three-, five- and ten-year survival rates--36, 27 and 19%, respectively. Surgery appears to play a role in treatment of small-cell lung cancer, alongside with chemotherapy and radiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of carnosine on the healing of a lung wound].

The influence of carnosine (beta-alanine, alpha-histidine) on the process of lung wound reparation was studied in 90 guinea-pigs. Its efficacy was evaluated microscopically, histologically and by means of electronic microscope. It was established that carnosine, as compared to controls nearly twice accelerates reparative processes in the injured lung by activation of fibroblast proliferation, connective tissue generation and intracellular regeneration. In type II epithelial cells more intensive formation of osmiophilic bodies and lamellar bodies contained in them is observed. The alveolus formation in the wound lips by the 7-8th day after lung injury is going on under the carnosine influence, which is due, probably, to massive excretion of osmiophilic contents from type II epithelial cells and surfactant production. This may be connected with rapid decrease of atelectasis and rapid restoration of lung airness within the wound.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Is preoperative chemotherapy necessary in pulmonary tuberculoma?].

The results of surgical operations performed in general surgical hospitals in patients with lung tuberculoma not subjected to preoperative chemotherapy because of mistakes in the initial diagnosis were analyzed. 87 patients with tuberculosis diagnosed only during or after operations with morphological examination of the resected pathological materials were examined. High efficacy of surgical treatment in the patients with tuberculoma having no obvious signs of active tuberculosis was shown though the patients were not subjected to preoperative antituberculosis chemotherapy. Early surgical treatment of such patients without preoperative chemotherapy is considered to be advisable.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental regeneration of the lungs].

In experiments on 150 guinea pigs, processes of lung wound healing were followed and the more active cellular sources of regeneration were identified. Measurements of cyclic adenosine monophosphate components in the course of lung healing indicated that histologic and electron-microscopic studies would be more informative if done at days 1, 3, 4, 7, and 14 after lung damage. Both cellular and intracellular mechanisms of regeneration were involved in the healing processes. The type II pneumonocyte be designated as a cambial cell of pulmonary parenchyma, for this cell displays the highest proliferative potency and is responsible for the epithelial lining of newly formed alveoli. The formation of these is shown to be assured through functional activity of all cellular alveolar elements (involving intracellular hyperplasia and hypertrophy of ultrastructures and especially dynamic morphological and functional alterations in osmiophilic bodies of type II pneumonocytes) and capillary neoformation.

Animals↗