Biomedical subjects

M Ichien

Publications and source records attributed to M Ichien.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Salivary duct carcinoma: cytologic characteristics and application of androgen receptor immunostaining for diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Although there have been several reports of cytologic features for salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), it still can be difficult to diagnose patients with these tumor accurately at the time of fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Review of the literature indicates that, immunohistochemically, SDC expresses androgen receptor (AR) in the majority of patients. The authors investigated the cytologic characteristics and utility of AR immunostaining on cytologic smears for the diagnosis of patients with SDC. METHODS: FNA and imprint smears from four patients with SDC were stained with Papanicolaou and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Immunostaining for AR on paraffin sections and imprint smears of SDC was performed, including 51 benign and other malignant salivary gland tumors. RESULTS: The smears were cellular and contained three-dimensional clusters, flat sheets, and scattered epithelial cells with necrotic backgrounds. A cribriform architectural pattern was noted in many of the tumor sheets. The tumor cells were large polygonal, spindle, and round to oval, and had abundant, finely granular, or vacuolated cytoplasm. Intracytoplasmic vacuoles were PAS negative. The nuclei were hyperchromatic, medium to large in size, round to oval in shape, and often had prominent nucleoli. All SDC tumors expressed AR. Two patients with carcinoma in (pleomorphic adenoma) showed a focal, comedo carcinoma pattern in which AR positive nuclei were observed. Other salivary gland tumors were completely negative for AR. CONCLUSIONS: The cytologic features of high-grade adenocarcinoma with a variety of cell morphologies, flat sheets of tumor cells with a cribriform pattern, and necrotic backgrounds are characteristic findings in patients with SDC. Immunostaining for AR on cytologic smears is useful for the diagnosis of these patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

Chondroid chordoma: fine-needle aspiration cytology with histopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of two cases.

Chondroid chordoma is a controversial and confusing entity that was originally described by Heffelfinger et al. (Cancer 1973; 32:410-420) as a biphasic malignant neoplasm possessing elements of both chordoma and cartilaginous tissue. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of chondroid chordoma has not been described. The aim of our investigation was to characterize the chondroid area of chondroid chordoma and to compare the FNA features with those of well-differentiated chondrosarcoma. Clival and cervical spine chondroid chordomas were studied with light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Chondroid chordomas demonstrated an epithelial nature by immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural studies. The FNA smears showed low cellularity, with loosely arranged or dispersed round cells in a myxoid background. Although the smears were similar to those of well-differentiated chondrosarcomas, they showed a positive reaction for epithelial markers. These findings reveal that chondroid chordoma is a variant of chordoma which possesses a hyaline matrix. Immunohistochemical demonstration of epithelial markers is useful to distinguish it from chondrosarcoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 1999; 21:335-339.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed1999

[Cytopathology of the breast--benign and malignant neoplastic conditions].

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women and the incidence has been increasing. Cytology plays a very important role not only in the diagnosis of breast lesions, but also in keeping the benign-to-malignant biopsy ratio low, so that unnecessary surgery is not performed. A fundamental feature of a benign aspirate is the presence of a dual population of ductal epithelial cells (variable within limits, but cohesive and orderly) and myoepithelial cells (naked, bipolar nuclei). Several cytologic features must be assessed to make the diagnosis of malignancy, including high cellularity, cell dissociation, large nuclear and cell size, cell pleomorphism, intracytoplasmic lumens (containing mucin), irregular nuclear margin, coarse chromatinic pattern, prominent nucleoli, and the presence of abnormal mitoses. Other criteria of lesser importance include necrosis, absence of myoepithelial cells and intranuclear inclusions. However, breast carcinomas do not always show every feature of malignancy. The well-differentiated or low-grade carcinomas are often difficult to differentiate from benign cells. It may be helpful to consider the clinical and radiological findings. We reported here, typical neoplastic lesions of the breast by correlating cytological with histopathological features.

Biopsy↗

PubMed1997

Follicular dendritic cell tumor of the mesentery.

Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) tumor is an exceedingly rare malignant neoplasm and occurs mainly in the cervical lymph nodes. We report a mesenteric FDC tumor occurring in a 66-year-old female, that manifested with intraabdominal multifocal recurrence 7 years after resection of the primary tumor. Histologically, both primary and recurrent tumors were composed of oval to spindle cells with paley eosinophilic cytoplasms, indistinct cell borders, round to elongated nuclei with clear or finely dispersed chromatin, and medium to large nucleoli. Characteristically, the tumor cells were growing in sheets, fascicles, and sometimes in whorls and a storiform pattern. In addition, focal necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism and abnormal mitoses were also observed. The neoplastic cells were intimately admixed with small lymphocytes. The diagnosis was confirmed by positive immunoreactivity with CD21 and CD35 antibodies and by ultrastructural demonstration of convoluted interdigitating cell processes connected by scattered desmosome-like junctions. Although our case showed a low proliferative activity evaluated by MIB-1, multifocal recurrence has occurred. The clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of FDC tumors are discussed with the review of the literature.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

The effects of the beta-adrenergic-blocking agents, timolol and carteolol, on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in Japanese glaucoma patients.

PURPOSE: To determine whether two topical beta-blockers, timolol and carteolol, differently affect plasma lipids and lipoproteins in normolipidemic Japanese patients with glaucoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three normolipidemic patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomly allocated to and completed 16 weeks of bilateral treatment with 0.5% timolol, 1.0% carteolol, or 2.0% carteolol twice daily in a three-center, prospective study. Patients using any drugs affecting plasma lipids or with a history of beta-blocker use of hyperlipoproteinemia were excluded. Fasting blood lipids and lipoproteins, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and apoproteins, were measured three times before therapy was initiated. These measurements were repeated every 4 weeks during the treatment period. RESULTS: The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased in the timolol treatment group but did not change in the carteolol treatment groups. The ratio of total cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased in the timolol treatment group. CONCLUSIONS: Topical beta-blockers do affect plasma lipids in Japanese patients with glaucoma. The effects of timolol are greater than those of carteolol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗

PubMed1994

[Trabeculectomy for normal-tension glaucoma].

We prospectively investigated the postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) level, visual prognosis, and complications of trabeculectomy with adjunctive mitomycin C in normal-tension glaucoma. The subjects were 42 eyes of 29 patients who underwent surgery with 0.2 mg mitomycin C as an adjunct and were followed for 12-30 months (mean: 20.6 months). The preoperative IOP was 11-18 mmHg with a mean (+/- standard deviation) of 13.9 +/- 1.5 mmHg. The IOP decreased to 4-16 mmHg with a mean (+/- standard deviation) of 7.9 +/- 2.6 mmHg. The magnitude of the IOP reduction ranged from -1 to 10 mmHg with a mean of 6.0 mmHg. The number of eyes receiving ocular hypotensive medication decreased remarkably from 32 eyes preoperatively to 2 eyes postoperatively. The visual field deteriorated postoperatively in 2 eyes (4.8%) whose IOP was around 8 and 9 mmHg, respectively. Cataract progressed in 8 eyes (19.0%) and hypotonous maculopathy developed in 5 eyes (11.9%). Because the postoperative IOP level is close to the IOP value that is allegedly beneficial in preserving visual function in normal-tension glaucoma, the surgery is worth further consideration as a potent treatment for the disease.

Adult↗