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Biomedical subjects

M Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to M Inoue.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Surgery for pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to clarify which patients would benefit by surgery for pulmonary metastases from colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: A retrospective study was undertaken in 25 patients who had undergone complete resection. In all cases, prethoracotomy carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level was measured and mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes were histologically examined. RESULTS: Overall 5-year survival was 39.2%. The 5-year survival rate for patients with a normal CEA level was 61.1%, as compared with 19.0% for patients with an elevated CEA level (p = 0.0423). The 5-year survival rate for patients without a lymph node metastasis was 49.5%, as compared with 14.3% for patients with a lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0032). No lymph node metastasis was a predictor of longer survival by univariate and multivariate analyses. The primary site, disease-free interval, and number and size of the metastasis were not significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: A resection for pulmonary metastasis from colorectal carcinoma is effective in patients with a normal CEA level and without a lymph node metastasis.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Results of preoperative mediastinoscopy for small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The significance of mediastinoscopy for small cell lung cancer is unclear owing to the small number of surgical cases. METHODS: To determine the N component of the TNM staging system, computed tomographic findings and the results of mediastinoscopy were compared with the pathologic examination of surgical specimens. RESULTS: Four cases among 37 patients (10.8%) were determined as inoperable by mediastinoscopy because of mediastinal lymph node metastasis. A thoracotomy was performed in 33 patients. Six patients (18.2%) who had been judged to have no metastasis by mediastinoscopy were found to have N2 disease after examination of the surgical specimens. In the identification of all mediastinal metastases, mediastinoscopy was 40.0% sensitive, 100% specific, and 83.8% accurate. When the superior mediastinal, paratracheal, pretracheal, tracheobronchial, and subcarinal lymph nodes were defined as approachable nodes, mediastinoscopy was 66.7% sensitive, 100% specific, and 94.6% accurate in the evaluation of these restricted nodes. Four cases among 8 patients with cN1 lesions resulted in a designation as pN2. CONCLUSIONS: Mediastinoscopy is useful for the diagnosis of an approachable mediastinal lymph node in small cell lung cancer cases. This exploration is necessary for patients with small cell lung cancer who are diagnosed as cN1 before thoracotomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

A case of orbital lymphoproliferative lesion diagnosed as malignant lymphoma after recurring 11 years later

Background: Most primary lymphoproliferative lesions in the ocular adnexa, including the eyelid, conjunctiva, and orbit, are diagnosed as low-grade malignant lymphomas. Recurrence and dissemination of these tumors are rare in Japan. The long-term prognosis for this disorder still remains to be clarified.Case and Method: A 53-year-old woman was first referred to us for right orbital tumor in 1986. After subtotal resection of the tumor, the patient received no additional treatment. She visited us in 1997 with the complaint of bilateral orbital tumor. Biopsied specimens were examined histologically using hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistological staining. Southern blot hybridization was used to detect immunoglobulin gene rearrangement. The paraffin-embedded specimen obtained in 1986 was also examined for immunoglobulin gene rearrangement using nested polymerase chain reaction technique. Findings: The specimens from 1997 and 1986 were both diagnosed as lymphoid type of inflammatory pseudotumor, based on polyclonal B cell immunohistological staining. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement was present in both specimens.Conclusions: The orbital tumor resected in 1986 was a low-grade malignant lymphoma which disseminated systematically 11 years later. This case shows a long-term course of orbital lymphoproliferative lesion with positive immunoglobulin gene rearrangement. It also shows the importance of follow-up over 10 years in the case of low-grade malignant lymphoma of the ocular adnexa.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

A polymorphism upstream from the human paraoxonase (PON1) gene and its association with PON1 expression.

Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) is an esterase that has been shown to decrease the susceptibility of lipoproteins to lipid peroxidation. We found a polymorphism of cytosine/thymidine (-108C/T, the number is from the ATG codon) in the upstream region of the PON1 gene. The luciferase activity was lower in the -108T allele than in the -108C allele. The serum PON1 concentrations in 132 normal subjects were as follows: -108CC>-108CT and>-108TT genotypes. The polymorphism upstream from the PON1 gene is associated with transcription of the PON1 gene and the serum PON1 concentration.

Alleles↗
PubMed2000

Determination of imbalance between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in human neuroblastoma by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and its correlation with tumor progression.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their specific tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) have been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. Net matrix degradation and proteolysis depend on the critical local balance between MMPs/TIMP-2. We attempted to determine their expression balance and to evaluate its importance with tumor progression. METHODS: Expressions of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIM P-2 mRNAs was quantified by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in tumor tissues from 25 neuroblastoma patients. RESULTS: MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2 expression was observed in all the samples but with different trends. Increased expressions of MMP-2 mRNA was evident in advanced stages (Evans' stage III and IV; P = .02; unpaired ttest), and in patients who died of progressive disease (P = .0001). Whereas, the expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-2 had no such significant association with clinical stages and prognosis. The ratio of MMP-2/TIMP-2 mRNAs was significantly higher in the advanced stages versus early stages (mean +/- SD = 1.66+/-0.65 and 1.11+/-0.34, respectively; P = .02) and in patients who died of progressive disease versus alive patients (mean = 2.13+/-0.78 and 1.21+/-0.36, respectively; P = .0006). CONCLUSIONS: Coexpression of MMPs and TIMP-2 in neuroblastoma indicates the need to evaluate their expression balance. Significantly higher expression of MMP-2 mRNA and increased ratio of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 mRNAs in advanced stages or patients who have died of progressive disease suggests an association between elevated MMP-2 expression and poor prognosis. To establish the role of enzyme to inhibitor mRNA ratio as a reliable predictor, cohort studies with significant number of cases may be carried out.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2000

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tensile strength of fetal membranes in uncomplicated labor.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relation between tensile strength and levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 at a number of sites in human fetal membranes. METHODS: Tensile strengths of fetal membranes from five women who delivered vaginally at term were measured by the method of modified force application. A piece of membrane at each measured site was then dissected, and the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 were measured by sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The relationship between tensile strength and enzyme levels was evaluated by Scheffé F test at a total of 81 sites on the five membranes. RESULTS: The mean tensile strength of the membranes was 45.3 +/- 19.8 (mean +/- standard deviation) mmHg/0.3 mm(2) (n = 81). When the measured sites were divided according to tensile strength into four groups (<25, 25-49, 50-74, and >/=75 mmHg/0.3 mm(2)), the level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (0.72 +/- 0.82 nmol/g protein, n = 12) in the less than 25 mmHg/0.3 mm(2) group was significantly higher than the other groups (0.35 +/- 0.22, 0.28 +/- 0.15, and 0.15 +/- 0.08 nmol/g protein; n = 39, 23, and 7, respectively). The significance level was still higher when the molar ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-9 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 was used for comparison. CONCLUSION: An increased molar ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-9 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 might be related to decreased tensile strength of human fetal membranes in uncomplicated labor.

Extraembryonic Membranes↗
PubMed2000

Large uterine myoma with erythropoietin messenger RNA and erythrocytosis.

BACKGROUND: Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome (erythrocytosis associated with a uterine myoma) has multiple proposed etiologies, one of which is altered erythropoietin production. CASE: A 28-year-old woman, gravida 0, para 0, presented with a solitary, degenerated uterine myoma that was 34-36 weeks' gestational size and erythrocytosis. After GnRH agonist treatment and myomectomy, the tumor was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Specific erythropoietin primer with erythropoietin messenger RNA was noted. CONCLUSION: Erythropoietin production by myomata might cause erythrocytosis in myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Characterization of mice antisera elicited with a ciguatoxin tetracyclic synthetic ring fragment (JKLM) conjugated to carrier proteins.

As a good alternative to the lack of pure ciguatoxin (CTX), conjugates of JKLM ring fragment, a carboxylic derivative of the right-hand tetracyclic terminus portion of CTX-1B (the most potent CTX) with two carrier proteins have been synthesized. Two procedures using different amount of hapten were evaluated: (i) a bulk technique (3-5 mg) via the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of the carboxylic fragment in the presence of a water-soluble carbodiimide according to the standard method in aqueous buffer, or (ii) a micro-scale technique (300 microg) via the mixed anhydride method performed in a reversed micellar medium. In both cases, bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin were respectively used for immunization of BALB/c mice and antibody screening by a solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using the conjugates obtained through the micro-scale procedure, a long-term immunization schedule appeared to be more efficient to specifically trigger the mice immune system. These antisera titers determined in an end-point titration standard ELISA format were found around 1/128,000 as compared to 1/16,000 obtained in the short-term protocol (immunogen prepared via the bulk procedure). In competitive inhibition ELISA experiments, both types of antisera did not significantly cross-react with a brevetoxin congener (PbTx-3), okadaic acid (OA), monensin or other polyether compounds, but only sera from the short-term protocol did show high cross-reactivity to CTX-1B (133%). With sera from the long-term protocol, a lower detection limit for JKLM (1.23 x 10(-9) M) was achieved by implementation of a biotin-avidin amplification system rather than by miniaturization of the assay in Terasaki plates. This study confirms the feasibility of the immunological approach for CTXs assay in fish tissues, but also emphasizes the importance of (i) the choice of the hapten to construct a relevant well-defined immunogen, (ii) the immunization schedule to obtain hapten-specific Abs still exhibiting high cross-reactivity to CTXs.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genes expression in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical cancer: a comparative study with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

To elucidate a causative role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) for cervical cancer, presence and expression of EBV genes were examined in 31 cervical carcinomas (ICC), 23 cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN), and 35 normal cervices (NCX). In reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, EBER-1 mRNAwas expressed in 74% (23/31) of ICC, 83% (19/23) of CIN, 37% (13/35) of NCX. LMP-1 was expressed in 52% (16/31) of ICC, 70% (16/23) of CIN, and 23% (8/35) of NCX, and EBNA-2 was expressed in 32% (10/31) of ICC, in 48% (11/23) of CIN, and in 11% (4/35) of NCX. Expression rates of these genes were significantly higher in ICC and CIN than in NCX (P < .05). RNA in situ hybridization analysis showed that EBER-1 was expressed in half (7/14) of ICC and 35% (6/17) of CIN, and BamH-W, which is a leader sequence of EBNA genes, was expressed in 86% (12/14) of ICC and 71% (12/17) of CIN. LMP-1 and EBNA-2 proteins also were detected in ICC and CIN cells by inmunofluorescence staining. PCR analysis showed that EBV genome was detected in 55% (17 of 31) of ICC and in 26% (9/35) of NCX. In contrast, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA was detected in 84% (26/31) of ICC, whereas none of NCX had HPV DNA. Either EBV or HPV was detected in 61% (19/31) of ICC, whereas both EBV and HPV was detected in 39% (12/31) of ICC. EBV infection may be involved in the development of cervical cancer, although further study should be performed to elucidate a causative role of EBV for the cancer.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
PubMed2000

A new PCR-based assay amplifies the E6-E7 genes of most mucosal human papillomaviruses (HPV).

We established a new assay to detect the E6-E7 DNA of mucosal human papillomaviruses (HPV) by a PCR-based method using four pairs of degenerate LCR and E7 primers (LCR-E7 PCR). This assay amplifies the full length of E6 and the N-terminal part of E7. HPV typing was performed using restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP), and by analyzing the sequences of cloned PCR products. We compared this assay with the first generation hybrid captured assay (HCA-I) and the MY09/11-PCR method. LCR-E7 PCR was able to detect more than 34 mucosal HPV types and theoretically should detect two additional types. LCR-157 PCR and HCA-I detected HPV DNA in 70% (69/99) and 55% (54/99) of low-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 89% (105/118) and 76% (90/118) of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and 90% (56/62) and 79% (49/62) of invasive squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), respectively. LCR-E7 PCR was more sensitive than the HCA-1 test. Discordant results between the LCR-E7 and MY 11/09-PCR tests were observed in one of 185 (0.5%) normal samples, seven of 85 (8.2%) LSIL samples, seven of 82 (8.5%) HSIL samples, and four of 72 (5.6%) SCC samples. The discordant results were mostly observed in samples with a low-copy number of the HPV genome or with multiple HPV infection. The sensitivity of LCR-E7 PCR was equivalent to that of MY 11/09 ECR, and false positives were less frequent in LCR-E7 PCR. LCR-E7 PCR may be useful for determining the biological activity of detected HPV types, since this method amplifies the entire E6 gene.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Delapril versus manidipine in hypertensive therapy to halt the type-2-diabetes-mellitus-associated nephropathy.

Thirty-nine hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were followed under long-term treatment (mean, 20.7 months) with manidipine hydrochloride, a Ca antagonist, or delapril hydrochloride, an ACE inhibitor, at nine institutions. Both the treatments showed similar antihypertensive effects, although slight but significantly larger decreases were observed in systolic and mean blood pressures at months 12 and 24 in the patients treated with manidipine (P < 0.02). The urinary albumin excretion index (AEI) tended to increase throughout the study in both treatment groups, but no significant difference in AEI was observed between the two treatment groups at any time point. Overt albuminuria developed in four patients on manidipine but did not appear in any of the patients on delapril. The risk of progression to overt albuminuria was significantly different between manidipine and delapril groups (P = 0.011). No increase in serum creatinine (Cr) was observed with delapril. The average excretion indexes of tubular markers such as beta2-microglobulin, alpha1-microglobulin, and NAG tended to be higher in the patients on manidipine than in those on delapril. Taken in sum, these findings suggest that the ACE inhibitor delapril is more beneficial than the Ca antagonist manidipine in the treatment of diabetic renal diseases via mechanisms other than the blood pressure regulation, partly through their different effects on tubular function. In conclusion, delapril was significantly more effective than manidipine in inhibiting progression to overt albuminuria in hypertensive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Development of computerized screening system for dementia and its preliminary field test.

The population of aged persons is increasing along with an extension of the average span of human life. Therefore, the number of persons who suffer from dementing disorders is also increasing. Because the various psychotic symptoms and behavioral problems are frequently observed in persons with dementia, the families taking care of such people require help to reduce their mental and physical load. Therefore, maintenance and enhancement of the social support system for aged persons are urgent issues. Early identification is important because immediate recognition of dementia people and appropriate follow up treatment can prevent the progress of the disease. Clinical interviews are one general method for detecting patients with dementing disorders, and the Hasegawa Dementia Scale is one of the most popular methods in Japan. The test takes about 10 min per person, but it requires a lot of time and burden for medical staff to screen patients with dementia from the increasing number of aged persons. Therefore, new methods for assessing cognitive functions are requested. A computerized assessment system was developed for dementia which is based on the Hasegawa Dementia Scale. This system was designed for aged persons with no previous computer experience to operate easily by making efficient use of multimedia. In this paper, the system and preliminary results of the field-test are reported.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

An enzymatically stable kyotorphin analog induces pain in subattomol doses.

Intraplantar injection of the enzymatically stable, N-methylated kyotorphin analog Tyr(NMe)-Arg-OH produced marked and sharp nociceptive flexor responses in a dose-dependent manner. A significant response was observed with this compound at a dose of 0. 01 amol (6000 molecules). Tyr(NMe)-Arg-OH-nociception was completely blocked by the kyotorphin antagonist leucyl-arginine and its enzymatically stable, N-methylated analog, as well as by CP-99994, a specific neurokinin 1 antagonist. These findings suggest that the nociceptive effect produced by Tyr(NMe)-Arg-OH in subattomol doses occurs via specific interaction with the kyotorphin receptor and that the extraordinary potency observed may result from amplification through local substance P release.

Analgesics↗
PubMed2000

Complete inhibition of purinoceptor agonist-induced nociception by spinorphin, but not by morphine.

We found that spinorphin, a novel neuropeptide showed analgesia in a different manner compared with morphine. By measuring flexor responses induced by the intraplanter injection of substances, the presence of three different types of sensory neurons were demonstrated. Although spinorphin completely blocked 2-metylthioadenosine (2-MeS ATP, a P2X(3) agonist)-induced responses, morphine did not. On the other hand, morphine-induced blockade of bradykinin (BK, a B(2)-receptor agonist)-responses was attenuated by pertussis toxin (PTX) treatment, whereas that of spinorphin was not. Thus it is suggested that spinorphin has a spectrum of analgesia which covers the blockade of nociception insensitive to morphine.

6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione↗
PubMed2000

Functional differentiation of the auditory association area in prelingually deaf subjects.

BACKGROUND: it is believed that the number of neurons of the human cortex increases rapidly in the first postnatal year, and then decreases gradually towards adult level as their functions are revised up to 11 years of age ('synaptic revision'). It is also confirmed that regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at rest represents the density of the neurons and decreases in accordance with the synaptic revision in process. If synaptic revision does not occur, rCBF remains at high level. Thus, we can evaluate whether functional differentiation has occurred in the human cortex by measuring rCBF at resting state. OBJECTIVE: to examine functional differentiation of the auditory association area (A2) in prelingually deaf subjects. METHODS: six postlingually and six prelingually deaf subjects who had undergone cochlear implant (CI) were involved in the current study. All prelingually deaf subjects underwent CI over 8 years old. The rCBF in A2 was examined during resting and listening to speech sounds using positron emission tomography (PET) and H2(15)O intravenous injection. Twelve normal subjects' rCBFs were also measured as control. Furthermore, three prelingually deaf subjects underwent follow up PET studies in which cortical activities in A2 for listening and lipreading were examined. RESULTS: in the examination of rCBF at rest, rCBFs of prelingually deaf subjects in A2 showed significantly higher than those of either the postlingually deaf subjects or normal subjects. During listening, rCBFs in A2 increased in postlingually deaf subjects and normal subjects, while there was no significant rCBF increase in the prelingually deaf. High rCBF level in A2 at rest observed in prelingually deaf subjects implied a lack of synaptic revision, and it was suggested that the functional differentiation for auditory processing was little in the A2 of prelingually deaf subjects. In the follow up study for three prelingually deaf subjects, activation of A2 was observed during lipreading but not during listening in two cases, who had developed the skill of lipreading while speech recognition was not improved by CI. In contrast, the other case had not used any visual clues in daily communication prior to CI, and the hearing acuity was well improved by CI. This case demonstrated an activity in A2 during listening, while lipreading induced no activation. CONCLUSION: it is suggested that functional differentiation of A2 should differ according to which of visual and auditory clue is chiefly used during critical periods for speech acquisition. The findings are thought to be important for us to schedule the education and treatment for prelingually deaf children.

Adolescent↗