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Biomedical subjects

M Ionescu

Publications and source records attributed to M Ionescu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Hearing loss of workers in mining--a 6-year longitudinal study].

Hearing threshold level (HTL) in miners, was determined after six years interval characterized by the same noise exposure. An attempt was made to establish the prognosis regarding the hearing losses extent and the time interval involved in the occurrence of these modifications in the subjects applying the HTL values. 132 workers (miners and miner apprentices) underwent audiometrical examinations, after 6 years interval in the same testing conditions. To evaluate the vibrations possible effects on the HTL, the results registered in a group of workers exposed solely to noise (n = 33)-identical continuous equivalent level/week-were compared to those found in miners. According to age range and the duration of noise exposure, the yearly mean rate for both the low (500-2000 Hz) and high frequencies (2-8 kHz), were calculated based on the hearing threshold differences. The miners, simultaneously exposed to noise and vibration presented yearly decreased HTL values (up to 2000 Hz), as against the subjects exposed solely to noise. The prognosis indicates that in a miner with a duration of exposure above 21 years and/or a mean age of 38, one may expect a loss of the HTL exceeding 30 dB at 4 kHz.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Aortic valve incompetence and replacement in rheumatoid arthritis.

Five cases of aortic incompetence and nodular seropositive rheumatoid arthritis are presented. Four cases underwent aortic valve replacement. Two of these had granulomatous involvement of the aortic cusps similar to subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules, and another showed a nonspecific fibrosis. One case had definite coincidental rheumatic aortic and mitral heart disease. Two patients had undergone pericardectomy previously for constrictive pericarditis. Good results were obtained in all four operated cases and cardiac surgery enabled continuation of rehabilitation for the rheumatoid arthritis, including major orthopaedic procedures. A review of 22 cases from the literature with rheumatoid granulomata within the aortic valve shows that they are associated with mitral valve granulomata in 63-6%. Congestive cardiac failure was found in 75%. Macroscopical evidence of aortic incompetence was seen in 36-8% and of aortic stenosis in 15-8%. Associated pericarditis occurred in 59-1%, which was severe or complicated in 13.6%. The associated arthritis was severe in 77-8% with subcutaneous nodules (71-5%), rheumatoid factor (83-6%), and episcleritis (66-6%). From these cases and a review of the literature the following points are emphasized. (1) Both the granulomatous and nonspecific aortic valvulitis of rheumatoid arthritis may result in significant haemodynamic abnormality. (2) The valve lesions found are often clinically and macroscopically indistinguishable from rheumatic valve lesions. (3) Granulomata, when present, are usually found in the valve cusp or ring and only occasionally in the aortic wall. (4) Associated joint disease, although usually severe, may be mild. (5) The valve lesion may be accompanied by a severe pericardial involvement--either tamponade or constriction. (6) Aortic valve replacement for aortic incompetence in rheumatoid arthritis is both feasible and worthwile, despite severe joint disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypophosphataemia and its consequences in patients following open heart surgery.

Plasma phosphate concentration (Pi), red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations were measured pre-operatively and at intervals after operation for 30 h in twelve patients (nine males and three females, 44--61 years of age), who underwent open heart surgery. All patients received intravenous injections of glucose, insulin and potassium at regular intervals. In all patients studied Pi decreased within hours following operation, remained low for about 6 h and pre-operative values were reached by 18 h. Pi decreased from 1.04 +/- 0.6 mmol/litre (mean +/- s.e. mean) to 0.32 +/- 0.06 mmol/litre. This fall in Pi was accompanied by a small but significant fall in 2,3-DPG (from 14.8 +/- 0.60 mumol/g Hb to 11.2 +/- 0.60 mumol/g Hb). ATP concentration did not change significantly. The calculated P50 (partial pressure of oxygen at which there was 50% saturation of haemoglobin) decreased by 1.2 mmHg. The regular fall in Pi which is probably due to the glucose-insulin-potassium injections was of short duration and had very little effect on red cell 2,3-DPG and ATP.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antityphoid and antitetanic intradermal vaccination of chronic neuropsychic patients in a typhoid fever outbreak.

Intradermal immunization of 229 chronic neuropsychic patients in Gura Ocnitzei Sanatorium, Dîmbovitza County, where a typhoid fever outbreak burst, was performed with a freeze-dried typhoid vaccine, suspended in purified and concentrated tetanic anatoxin. Adverse reactions were minimal and immunologic response, evaluated by laboratory tests, was good, reaching the level of that obtained as a result of classic vaccination methods (subcutaneous antityphoid and intramuscular anti-tetanic). Both after vaccination and also booster O and H agglutinating titers increased 4-7 times and anti-S. typhi. seroprotecting effect reached and maintained a high level. Moreover, antityphoid vaccination permitted epidemic focus limiting and its complete extinguishing after booster. Antitetanic vaccination resulted in protecting titers settlement (greater than or equal to 0.01 IU/ml) in all previously non-protected persons (1/3 of all subjects) and in the increase of protecting titers, existing before vaccination in the other persons.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study of specific immune response to unadsorbed concentrated tetanus vaccine administered by intradermal route to non-immunized persons in the last ten years.

Investigations of anti-tetanus response, in 404 subjects, most of them aged 60, being non-immunized for at least 10 years, stressed out the fact that 28.7% were not protected and 6.18% presented a protecting titer of 0.01 IU/ml, evaluated by "in vivo" protection test in mice. Some subjects were immunized with unadsorbed Tetanus vaccine (10 Lf/0.1 ml/dose) by i.d. route, using Jet-injector, and the others with adsorbed Tetanus vaccine (0.5 ml/dose), by i.m. route, using the needle and syringe. The vaccines were well tolerated and adverse reactions were not recorded. After 30 days, a single vaccine dose produced a protecting effect in 97.45% of non-protected subjects, belonging to i.d. immunized group, and also in 93.33% belonging to i.m. immunized group. 30 days after the administration of a second dose, protection set up in all subjects, no matter of vaccine type and administration route used. For a continuous reduction of tetanus morbidity, the authors suggest a specific periodical immunization of non-protected persons, selected by serological screening, using unadsorbed Tetanus vaccine, administered by i.d. route by means of the Jet-injector.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerebral hemodynamic disorders in patients with chronic decompensated respiratory insufficiency. Physiopathogenetic considerations].

The present paper reports on 12 patients (8 males, 4 females) suffering from chronic decompensated respiratory failure, who presented concomitant transient haemodynamic disturbances in the carotid and vertebrobasilary systems, manifested by hemisphere or brain stem symptoms. Owing to the adaptive capacity of these patients there exists a certain tolerance threshold to hypercapnic hypoxemia, but following accentuated or rapid aggravation of acid-base hypercapnic hypoxemia, the biological balance is abruptly perturbed leading to cerebral haemodynamic disturbances. The pathophysiological mechanism of production appears to be the accumulation of acid ions caused by pH acidification of the cerebrospinal fluid. Increase in the cerebral arterial output with decrease in the rate of circulation and vascular resistance take place especially in the vessels with atheromatous or hyaline lesions. Under conditions of severe acidosic hypercapnic hypoxemia this, nevertheless, insures a minimum of 10--20% oxygen required by the metabolism of the nerve cell, sufficient for maintaining the structure of the cell (vita minima). These vasculometabolic mechanisms explain why with improvement of haematosis, following remission of the decompensated disease and fall in acidotic hypercapnic hypoxemia values, the cerebral haemodynamic disturbances also show a more or less evident remission because the nerve cells having maintained their structure are able to take up their function again.

Acidosis, Respiratory↗