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Biomedical subjects

M Ivanisević

Publications and source records attributed to M Ivanisević.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Venous tone in glaucoma and hypertension.

The aim of this study was the assessment of physiological venous reflexes in systemically hypertensive and normotensive subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma. The experimental group consisted of 20 normotensive and 20 untreated systemically hypertensive patients with open-angle glaucoma. The control group consisted of 31 volunteers divided into two subgroups: 16 control normotensives and 15 untreated hypertensives. The assessment of venous tone changes was performed by testing venous reflexes. Venoconstriction responses to physiological stimuli were significantly decreased in normotensive glaucoma patients, compared to normotensive controls [for the Valsalva manoeuvre 93.4 +/- 80.2 vs. 413.3 +/- 335.4 venoconstrictive units (VCUs), p = 0.02, and for a deep breath 89.1 +/- 100.1 vs. 316.8 +/- 343.2 VCUs, p = 0.03]. The intensity of venous reflexes in hypertensive glaucoma patients did not differ significantly from that seen in hypertensive controls, due to a significantly weaker flex venoconstriction in hypertensive controls when compared to normotensive controls subjects. This study confirmed the presence of venous dysregulation in subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma and visual field loss as a part of an autonomic dysfunction. Systemic hypertension does not make this condition worse.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

The natural history of untreated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

In this study, the late secondary changes of the eye in long-standing, untreated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) were examined. The most common complications were cataract (61.1%), strabismus (45.5%), toxic uveitis (27.3%) and development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (100.0%). Complete loss of vision was found in all cases. Maximal visual acuity was hand motion, but only in 9.1% of cases. In the late follow-up period of untreated RRD, anatomic changes of the eye, permanent loss of vision and esthetic defects will appear.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

The effect of coagulation parameters on the placental respiratory and nutritive function in women having chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia.

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between coagulation and fibrinolytic system parameters with nutritive and respiratory placental function. We have analysed 79 pregnant women, of which 39 with severe preeclampsia (index group) and 41 healthy pregnant women. When comparing the study groups in third trimester, significantly lower platelet counts, fibrinogen values and antithrombin III values have been found in the index group compared to the control group. Factor VII levels were not found to be significantly different. The control group revealed significantly higher levels of coagulation factors II, V and VIII, compared to the index group. The increase of FDP, reduction of fibrinogen and increase of fibrinolysis in index group, when compared to the control group of healthy pregnant women, are the reflection of the intravascular fibrin deposition that leads to the described coagulation changes and consecutively to the foetal growth retardation. Indirect evidence are the correlation between newborns' weight and fibrinogen levels/fibrinolytic activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Holistic approach to analysis of medical data: vulvar cancer.

This paper continues the series of studies introducing holistic approach to analysis of clinical data. Namely, besides the information regarding his/her disease, each hospitalized cancer patient also provides the variety of data regarding his/her psychological, cultural, social, economical, genetic, constitutional and medical background. The aim of this study was to introduce a holistic approach to analysis of medical data, in this case clinical data regarding cancer of the vulva. Such approach requires the collection of data regarding different aspects of the cancer patients, and after the satisfactory sample size is obtained (which should be at least five times greater than the number of examined patient characteristics), the performance of factor analysis. In this study, the authors have processed the data regarding 25 characteristics of all 755 vulvar cancer patients treated between 1938 and 1990 at the Department for Gynecological Oncology of the University Hospital for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zagreb, Croatia. In factor analysis, the principal components were rotated after the initial extraction (the authors recommended the use of oblimin rotation) in order to obtain better ground for interpretation of the obtained results. The next step in this approach was the stepwise exclusion of characteristics with smallest commonality according to Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin criteria, and retaining the characteristics and components with the most significant impact on the explained system variance. When the number of principal components and initial analyzed characteristics was reduced to 3-4 and 7-10, respectively, the ultimate interpretations and conclusions were made. This approach outlined some clusters of correlations between medical data which are difficult to identify using other statistical procedures, primarily the impacts of various socioeconomic and hereditary-constitutional variables on overall survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Venous reflex testing in glaucoma.

The aim of this study was the assessment of physiological venous reflexes in open angle glaucoma. The study was carried out by a controlled clinical experiment. The experimental group consisted of 17 glaucoma patients with controlled intraocular pressure. The control group consisted of 15 healthy volunteers. The assessment of venous tone changes was performed by means of the test of "venous reflexes". Venoconstriction responses to physiological stimuli were significantly decreased in glaucoma patients (p < 0.05). The results suggested venous dysregulation as part of sympathetic dysfunction in glaucoma.

Glaucoma, Open-Angle↗
PubMed1995

Conventional retinal surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

During the last two years, 79 consecutive patients (i.e. eyes) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), stages B and CP according to the classification of Machemer and associates, were treated. Conventional retinal surgery (scleral buckling) was used. Retina was successfully reattached in 54 (68.4%) eyes in the early postoperative period. Thirty-five (81.4%) out of 43 patients with PVR detachment stage B, and 19 (52.8%) out of 36 patients with PVR detachment stage CP achieved total retinal attachment. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.006). In stage CP, larger areas of retinal involvement by fixed retinal folds are inversely related to the rate of anatomical success. A higher degree of preoperative PVR means less success of conventional retinal detachment surgery, so it is advised to apply a conventional surgical technique up to CP-6 stage of PVR, whereas in more advanced stages of PVR pars plana vitrectomy is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Comparison between efficacy of full- and mild-scatter (panretinal) photocoagulation on the course of diabetic rubeosis iridis.

The study enrolled 59 eyes with rubeosis iridis and proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The efficacies of two types of panretinal photocoagulation ('full' and 'mild' scatter) on the course of diabetic rubeosis iridis were compared. The mean posttreatment follow-up period was 22 +/- 4.8 months. After application of full-scatter photocoagulation (1,200-1,600 spots) in 27 eyes, rubeosis iridis regressed in 70.4% cases, remained unchanged in 14.8% and deteriorated in 14.8%. After mild-scatter photo-coagulation (400-650 spots) in 32 treated eyes, rubeosis iridis regressed in 37.5% cases, 34.4% was unchanged, while deterioration was found in 28.1%. A better therapeutic effect of panretinal photocoagulation in regression of diabetic rubeosis iridis was obtained, if the total dose of the applied laser spots was higher.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Argon laser photocoagulation for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema. Comparative study of efficacy between focal extramacular treatment and focal macular perifoveolar treatment.

In this paper a comparative study of efficacy between focal extramacular and focal macular perifoveolar argon laser photocoagulation for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema is presented. The follow-up period was 12 months and was based on fluorescein angiograms. After focal extramacular treatment, diabetic macular oedema was resorbed in 54.6% of the cases, remained unchanged in 28.4% and deteriorated in 17.0%. After focal macular perifoveolar treatment resorption of diabetic macular oedema was achieved in 73.7% of the cases, remained unchanged in 17.1% and deteriorated in 9.2%. Focal macular perifoveolar treatment gives statistically significantly better clinical results than focal extramacular treatment (p < 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Photocoagulation of diabetic maculopathy.

A comparative analysis of the efficiency of the two current techniques of the focal photocoagulation: the focal macular perifoveolar and the focal extramacular technique in the treatment of diabetic maculopathy was performed. The study included 92 insulin non-dependent diabetics with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, divided into two groups. The assessment of the results has been carried out on the basis of the changes in the visual acuity 12 months after the argon laser treatment. There has been a statistically significant difference in the effects of the focal macular perifoveolar treatment and the focal extramacular treatment on the visual acuity. It has been improved for two or more lines on the Snellen chart, to which difference has contributed the significantly lesser worsening of the visual acuity as a result of the focal macular perifoveolar treatment (p < 0.05). The mean visual acuity following the focal extramacular treatment has shown a statistically non-significant decrease (p < 0.05), practically with no change at all, but the mean visual acuity following the focal macular perifoveolar treatment has shown a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.01). It has been established that the focal macular perifoveolar treatment shows better results than the focal extramacular treatment in the treatment of diabetic maculopathy. This has been established by checking the visual acuity a year after the treatment had been completed. This leads to the conclusion that this treatment is preferable in everyday work.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Development of diabetic pre-retinopathy after a 1 1/2-year follow-up].

In this work the evolution of diabetic preretinopathy after a 1.5 year follow-up period among 30 insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent adult-onset diabetics with short duration of diabetes is examined. Ophthalmoscopy and intravenous fluorescein angiography were the methods of examination. Diabetic pre-retinopathy progressed into diabetic retinopathy in 36.7% of the cases, remained stationary in 43.3%, and regressed in 20.0% of the cases. This study shows the need for frequent ophthalmoscopic controls of diabetics because of the importance of early treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Importance of fluorescein angiography in the early detection and therapy of diabetic retinopathy.

This work presents the results of the clinical analysis of the frequency of diabetic preretinopathy (preclinical, pre-ophthalmoscopic diabetic retinopathy) verified by fluorescein angiography, carried out in adult diabetic patients with short diabetes duration and without any ophthalmoscopically visible retinal changes, 71 ophthalmoscopically negative diabetics have been examined (24 insulin-dependent and 47 non-insulin-dependent), aged from 38 to 55 years, with the duration of diabetes up to 10 years. Diabetic preretinopathy has been discovered in 42.3% cases: 62.5% in insulin-dependent diabetics and 31.9% in non-insulin-dependent diabetics. This examination is important, because it makes possible a better disease evaluation and early medical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Doyne's honeycomb choroiditis].

This paper describes the retinal changes of 11 parents whose children had the typical clinical manifestation of Doyne's honeycomb choroiditis. In 7 cases, the nonexudative ("dry") form of senile macular degeneration was discovered, 3 of these had increased number of drusen, and 4 of them were with large and confluent drusen, often with scattered pigmentation. Three parents had the exudative-hemorrhagic form, and 1 parent had a cicatricial form of senile macular degeneration. Since Doyne's honeycomb choroiditis is transmitted with the autosomal dominant trait of inheritance, it is indirectly established that Doyne's honeycomb choroiditis progresses into one form of senile macular degeneration, and that senile macular degeneration is partly genetically determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Solar maculopathy].

The paper presents three cases of photosolar maculopathy which point to possibility of visual impairment as a result of sun gazing due to the religious reasons. In all cases irreversibile visual impairment with permanent central scotoma had developed. Sun gazing is dangerous regardless of motives, and the only way to prevent photosolar maculopathy is to avoid sun gazing.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diabetic maculopathy].

Diabetic maculopathy is a leading cause of decreased vision from diabetic retinopathy. It is usually encountered in older non-insulin-dependent diabetics with mainly nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic maculopathy can be divided into three main types, exudative (focal), edematous (diffuse or cystoid) and ischemic. Many reports do not distinguish among the various forms of diabetic maculopathy, but only discuss the diabetic macular edema which is the first and the most dominant sign of diabetic maculopathy. No drug therapy has shown to have therapeutic effect in diabetic maculopathy. Photocoagulation, although, symptomatic, is of benefit in edematous and exudative diabetic maculopathy, in the sense that it produces an improvement or maintenance of the clinical picture and visual acuity. Thereby, good glycemic control and the treatment of potential systemic diseases such as hypertension and renal failure are recommended. Photocoagulation is focal, applied directly at microaneurysms and areas of fluorescein leakages and in a "grid" pattern for diffuse macular edema. Fluorescein angiography is necessary to discover the areas of fluorescein leakage, and is helpful in the follow-up of treatment results.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epilepsy and pregnancy].

A total of 132 women with epilepsy were confined in the period from 1978-1989. Their pregnancies and outcomes were analysed. The special aim was to find out if the anticonvulsive therapy has any correlation with the occurrence of fetal malformations in the studied group of women. In 43.9% of pregnant women with epilepsy, methyl-phenobarbitone as an anticonvulsive drug was administered, while carbamazepine was applied in 13.6% cases. A combination of phenytoin and phenobarbitone was prescribed in 18.9% of cases. Primidone was the drug of choice in 8% cases and 5.3% of patients were treated with various combinations of anticonvulsive drugs. Hyperemesis, threatened spontaneous abortion and premature labor complicated significantly more pregnancies in patients with epilepsy than on controls. Pregnancies from the studied group were terminated by the cesarean section in significantly more cases (11.2%) than in the control group (5.4%). Newborns from mothers with epilepsy had a statistically lower birthweight (3173 +/- 575 g) than those born from healthy mothers (3376 +/- 510g). Fifteen newborns or 11.2% were born with congenital malformations, while among the control group of newborns only two were malformed. It is noticed that the newborns from mothers treated with phenitoin and phenobarbitone had dysmorphic anomalies of the face more frequently. The drugs mentioned above interfere with the metabolism of K vitamin and as a result of this interreaction, mothers and newborns can suffer from coagulation disorders. In conclusion it is important to mention that no anticonvulsant drug seems to be absolutely safe when used during pregnancy since each of them has a teratogenic effect on the fetus.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The foveal avascular zone in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy].

The areas of the foveolar avascular zone (FAZ) were measured in the fluorescein angiograms and the comparison was made between 44 eyes of 22 diabetics with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and 32 eyes of the healthy nondiabetic controls. It was found that the area of the FAZ in diabetics ranged between a mean of 0.26 +/- 0.07 mm2 and in healthy nondiabetic controls 0.23 +/- 0.04 mm2 and it was statistically significant difference (p less than 0.05). The results obtained have shown that the area of the FAZ in diabetics with nonproliferative retinopathy is significantly larger than in healthy eyes due to the destruction of the parafoveal capillary net, although the area of the FAZ in healthy eyes could considerably vary. The importance of fluorescein angiography in measuring dimensions and shapes of the FAZ before treatment of diabetic maculopathy is pointed out.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[High colonic-vaginal fistulas].

In this paper, the authors present the definition, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and preparations for the surgical treatment of colovaginal fistulas. A ten year experience with 11 female patients with colovaginal fistulas divided according to the causes is reviewed. The fistulas commonly resulted from the surgical treatment, radiotherapy, parturition injuries and Crohn's disease. In the discussion, each group is evaluated with respect to the therapeutic procedure giving some general remarks on this rare clinical condition. Besides the surgical treatment of the fistula, in most cases, the contemporary colostomy is required.

Colonic Diseases↗