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Biomedical subjects

M Izák

Publications and source records attributed to M Izák.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Microsurgery of cataracts in glaucoma].

In a group of 205 implantations of artificial intraocular lenses in 172 patients with glaucoma the authors demonstrate that microsurgery of cataract with implantation, in particular of posterior chamber lenses, has also a permanent hypotonic effect. 155 eyes (75.6%) with primary glaucoma were operated and 50 eyes (24.4%) with secondary glaucoma, 198 times (96.6%) primary implantation was used and 7 times (3.4%) secondary implantation. The highest ratio in the group was formed by extracapsular extractions in 95.0%, intracapsular extractions in 3% and phacoemulsification in 2%. One of the greatest obstacles of microsurgery of cataract in eyes affected with glaucoma is the narrow pupil. The authors give an account of possible solutions of this problem. Vision of 5/10 or better with correction was achieved in 68.8%. The most frequent cause of reduced vision of less than 5/50 was atrophy of the TZN in 11.25% Permanent compensation of intraocular pressure without further treatment was observed in 64.4% during a mean follow-up period of 66.7 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Extraction of a clear lens-cataract as refractive surgery in severe myopia].

Fukals operation (extraction of a transparent lens in severe myopia) was of a long time considered risky in particular because of possible retinal complications. Based on ten years experience (1985 - 1994) the authors provide evidence that modern microsurgical methods, in particular phacoemulsification make it possible to perform this operation at a qualitatively higher level, much more safety and with a lower rate of complications. In a group of 284 operated eyes with myopia (15.96 diopters) were 4.57% transparent lenses, 37.68% with mild partial turbidity and 57.75% with dense or complete turbidity. Corrected vision 5/5 - 5/10 was achieved in 44.37%. Peroperative prolapse of the vitreous body occurred in 5.28%. The most frequent late complication was secondary cataract (26.76%). During the mean follow-up period of 37.57 months there was no case of cystoid oedema of the macula or detachment of the retina. Extraction of a transparent lens or incipient cataract in severe myopia is becoming an alternative method of other refractive operations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[10,000 implants of artificial intraocular lenses at the Ophthalmology Department of the Regional Hospital in Banská Bystrica].

Since December 6, 1979 till October 31, 1995 at the Ophthalmological Department of the Regional hospital (now F.D. Roosevelt's Eye Clinic) in Banská Bystrica 10,000 artificial intraocular lenses were implanted. The author reminds in a historical review of the initial pioneer work and implantations implemented by Vanýsek et al. in 1951-1960. After 20 years the author took up the tradition and implanted on December 6, 1979 the first iris clip Fjodorov-Zacharov lens. Since 1979 every year the number of implantations in the department rises. Since 1985 almost only various models of posterior chamber intraocular lenses are implanted. As to unconventional materials hydrogel and silicone lenses were implanted, first after extracapsular cataract extraction and later in the folded state after phacoemulsification. At present modern surgery of cataract and implantation of artificial intraocular lenses in made as a matter of routine in the majority of departments in the Czech and Slovak Republic.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1995

[An increasing trend in cataract surgery in Slovakia (1990-1993)].

The authors present data obtained in an enquiry from all Ophthalmological Clinics and departments in Slovakia which were concerned with surgery of cataract in 1990-1993. They evaluate the number of cataracts, implanted artificial intraocular lenses, the applied surgical methods and types of implanted lenses. During the period of investigation the number of operated cataracts increased by 66%, the number of implanted lenses increased from 29% to 66.8% of the total number of operated cataracts. The number of departments which implant artificial lenses increased from 38.7% to 81.8%. The EKEK method is already used in 85%. Slowly also the number of phacoemulsifications is rising from 1.9% to 6.2%.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Development of cataract surgery and implantation of artificial intraocular lenses in Czecho-Slovakia 1988-1992].

After a brief introduction on the history of implantations of synthetic intraocular lenses in Czechoslovakia the authors present an analysis of surgery of cataract and implantation of artificial intraocular lenses during the past five years in Czechoslovakia. The number of operations of cataract increases every year, a substantial increase was recorded in particular in 1992. During the other years there is also a change from intracapsular to extracapsular extraction of cataract and a slow onset of phacoemulsification. The number of departments where artificial lenses are implanted is increasing as well as the ratio of implantations in relation to the total of cataract surgery. In particular during the remaining three years a marked rise of implantation of posterior chamber lenses was recorded and a decline in implantations of iris-clip lenses. Almost 95% of implantations of posterior chamber lenses is considered satisfactory, while less than 60% implantations from the total number of cataract surgery is still insufficient.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1991

[Retinal detachment in pseudophakia].

In a group of 2,281 eyes after extraction of a cataract and implantation of an iris clip lens (1,362 eyes after intracapsular extraction and 927 eyes after extracapsular extraction) motion of the retina occurred in 36 eyes (1.67%), incl. 27 after intracapsular extractions (1.98%) and 9 after extracapsular extractions (0.97%). In patients with pseudophakic retinal detachment after implantation of an iris clip lens the frequency of factors which might interfere with the development of this complication was investigated. The latter proved to be the following: prolapse of the vitreous body, luxation of the implanted lens, posterior uveitis and myopia. Detachment of the retina was preceded by: peroperative prolapse of the vitreous body in 34.21%, luxation of the implanted lens in 28.95%, posterior uveitis in 36.85% and myopia (up to -4.0 Ds) in 21.05%. Anatomical and functional results after operation of pseudophakic motion were evaluated in 38 eyes (36 eyes operated on account of cataract in the authors' department, two in other departments). The minimal follow up period after operation of retinal detachment was six months. Anatomical restoration of the retina was achieved in 23 eyes (60.53%), in 9 eyes a residual motion remained (23.68%) and in four eyes total motion (10.53%). In two eyes keratopathy developed (5.26%). Central vision 6/6-6/12 was achieved in 18.42%, 6/15-6/36 in 21.05%, 6/60-3/60 in 28.95% and less than 3/60 in 31.58%. In the poorer anatomical and functional results after operation of pseudophakic motions participate in addition to the above mentioned ones difficult visualization of the retinal periphery and the extent of surgical trauma during surgery of detached retinas.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1990

[Modern surgery of cataracts].

Surgery of cataract has a history of almost 250 years. The first 150 years were in the sign of extracapsular extracion. The subsequent 70 years were devoted to the development and improvement of the technique of intracapsular extraction and the last more than 20 years are a return to extracapsular extraction. This is due in particular to the development of microsurgery. "Modern surgery of cataract" is thus extracapsular extraction at a microsurgical level, in indicated cases associated also with implantation of an intraocular lens. The author analyzes recent aspects of indication for operation, preoperative examination techniques, preoperative preparation of the patient, anaesthesia, the operation proper, correction of aphakia, and postoperative care. In the author's opinion the future of microsurgery of cataract will involve improvement and wider use of phakoemulsification and laser systems as well as new models and materials for artificial lenses. It is no longer an unreal dream to make through a minimal paracentesis a microincision of the capsule, remove the nucleus and mass intracapsularity and replace them by injection of a transparent, artificial gel.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1990

[Sympathetic ophthalmia].

The authors give an account of a case of sympathetic ophthalmia which was successfully managed by reoperation of the injured eye, corticoids and immunosuppressive drugs. Sympathetic ophthalmia developed after perforation of the cornea along with traumatic cataract one month following the accident. It was manifested by irritation of the anterior segment of both eyes and marked exudation into the area of the posterior pole of the sympathizing eye. On the injured eye surgical reconstruction of the anterior segment was performed and concurrently broad spectrum antibiotics and corticoids were administered. On this therapy the anterior segment of both eyes began to improve, while the exudation into the area of the posterior pole of the sympathizing eye proceeded; therefore immunosuppressive therapy was started. The manifestations of sympathetic ophthalmia receded gradually. After an alternative way of corticoid reduction was started, a relapse of sympathetic ophthalmia occurred. The relapse was suppressed by a temporary increase of the dosage. Three months after the development of sympathetic ophthalmia, using the treatment described, the uveal inflammation of both eyes receded. At present, two years after the accident, both eyes are in a satisfactory condition with normal visual acuity--on the injured eye with an aphakic correction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Retropupillary pseudophakia after extracapsular cataract extraction].

Implantation of a retropupillary artificial intraocular lens into the capsule of the lens is from the anatomical aspect the most physiological type of pseudophakia. The authors compare the early results of implantation of two models of retropupillary intraocular lenses, i.e. an intraocular lens made from one piece (PMMA loop) and an intraocular lens with polypropylene loops Intraocular lenses with PMMA loops are more difficult to insert in the capsule, they keep, however, better in position than intraocular lenses with a polypropylene loop. Greater traumatisation of surrounding tissues during implantation of intraocular lenses with a PMMA loop leads to a higher incidence of posterior synechia and deformation of the pupil. The differences between the two groups are statistically significant. No statistical correlation was found when the functional results were compared. The same applies to peroperative and other postoperative complications (uveitis, non-infectious endophthalmitis, sy. of transillumination and dispersion of pigment and CEM. No case of secondary glaucoma, bullous keratopathy or detachment of the retina was recorded. A corrected vision of 5/15 or better was achieved in 97.50%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the quality of the optic part of intraocular lenses].

The authors describe the examination of optic properties of intraocular lenses by two methods, using the Meopta line test on a slide. The principle is the assessment of transparency of the optic portion of the intraocular lens by the legibility of the line test under the microscope and assessment of the differentiating capacity of the optic portion of the lens on the optic test bench.

Lenses, Intraocular↗