New options for diagnosis and control of gonorrheal urethritis in males using uncentrifuged first voided urine (FVU) as a specimen for culture.
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Bacteriological Techniques↗
Biomedical subjects
M J Benfari
Publications and source records attributed to M J Benfari.
Characterization of antigen-binding receptors in vitro. II. Antigen-binding capacity and affinity of lymphoid receptors after immunization.
We examined the kinetics and affinity of antigen binding in lymphoid populations in mice after immunization. There is increased binding capacity in lymphoid cells from animals that have undergone primary immunization. This increase would seem to be related to increased numbers of antigen-binding cells (rosette-forming cells). The serum antibody titers rise after the increasing binding capacity and numbers of BSA rosette-forming cells have increased. There is an increased amount of antigen bound per antigen-binding cell at certain times after immunization with two peaks in this capacity being demonstrable--one occurring at 4 days after immunization and the second occurring approximately 12 days after immunization and persisting for prolonged periods after that. With time, after immunization two separable peaks of increased antigen-binding cells become apparent, one very early (before Day 4) and one later (after Day 20 to 30). The affinity constants for antigen-binding cells have been measured and found to be high, and to increase with time after immunization. It appears that the heterogeneity of the affinity constants for antigen-binding cells is high early in immunity and becomes more homogeneous with time after immunization.
Animals↗
Characterization of antigen-binding receptors in vitro. I. An equilibrium method for measuring antigen binding in murine cells.
This study reports a novel method for studying the binding of soluble antigen (bovine serum albumin, BSA) to surface receptors on lymphoid cell populations under equilibrium conditions in the presence of 10% normal rabbit serum or 20 mg/ml of ovalbumin. Virtually no nonspecific uptake was demonstrated to nonlymphoid tissues. Detectable quantities of BSA could be found on both nonimmune and immune lymphoid populations. The binding of BSA was demonstrated to be antigen specific and to be proportional to the numbers of binding cells. The quantity of antigen bound was proportional to the free antigen exposed to the population and saturation could be achieved with 1 to 2 microgram of antigen/1.2 ml of culture, per 10 X 10(7) cells. The kinetics of antigen binding was very rapid and occurred within 10 min at 4, 27, and 37 degrees C. The binding was independent of the viability of cells. Binding was antigen specific and could be partially blocked by cross-reacting serum albumins, but not by non-cross-reacting albumins. Binding was independent of cytophylic antibody concentrations in the serum.
Animals↗
Paying for diagnostic accuracy.
One of the difficult problems facing managers is how to evaluate the benefits to be gained from introducing a new diagnostic test that may be more accurate--but also more expensive. What analyses can be applied to help the hospital make the choice to switch or not?
Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗