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Biomedical subjects

M J Bezou

Publications and source records attributed to M J Bezou.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Malassezia furfur septicemia after bone marrow graft].

BACKGROUND: Systemic Malassezia furfur (Mf) infections are only seen in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CASE REPORT: A 2-year-8-month-old boy was given chemotherapy for mediastinal T cell lymphoma. Meningeal relapse supervened 10 months later, requiring polychemotherapy plus CNS irradiation followed by bone marrow transplantation. Three days after transplantation, fever associated with neutropenia required administration of ceftazidime, amikacin, vancomycin plus acyclovir followed by amphotericin B, cefotaxime plus erythromycin. Blood cultures were negative, but blood swears showed yeasts into polynuclear cells after cytocentrifugation; these yeasts were also present in the central catheter removed after a few days course of amphotericin B, flucytosine plus fluconazole. The patient was then given GM-CSF subcutaneously (5 micrograms/kg/day), followed by progressive correction of aplasia and cure of the Mf infection. CONCLUSION: This is a new case of systemic Mf infection seen in an immunocompromised child receiving parenteral nutrition with lipids.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1994

Serum erythropoietin in small for gestational age fetuses.

Serum erythropoietin (Epo) concentration was compared prenatally in adequate (AGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) fetuses. Fifty-four percutaneous umbilical blood samplings were paired with maternal blood and assessed for Epo, hematocrit and reticulocyte count. Seventeen fetuses were growth-retarded (SGA) on the basis of ultrasonic biometry and birth weight. Controls (AGA; n = 37) underwent cordocentesis for risk of toxoplasmosis, maternal age or malformations (CNS, GI, heart). No cytogenetic abnormality or infections was found in the 54 fetuses. Linear and polynomial regressions were fitted to determine correlations between parameters. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison between groups. Gestational age at sampling was similar in AGA and SGA. The SGA fetuses had a higher Epo concentration than controls (p < 0.001). Fetal AGA Epo increased significantly throughout pregnancy (p < 0.01) but did not correlate with maternal Epo (p > 0.05). An inverse correlation was found between fetal reticulocyte count and Epo concentration (p < 0.02). The mechanism of high Epo level in SGA fetuses may involve low pO2 and hemoconcentration.

Erythropoietin↗
PubMed1994

Successful blood stem cell collection and transplant in children weighing less than 25 kg.

Peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) were collected for autotransplantation in 20 children (median age 4 years, range 0.5-10 years) weighing < 25 kg (median 14.5 kg, range 6.8-24 kg) with various malignant diseases: leukemias and lymphomas (n = 6), solid tumours (n = 14). Cytaphereses were carried out after standard chemotherapy (n = 10), mobilizing high-dose chemotherapy (n = 9) or radiotherapy alone (n = 1). In 13 children PBSCs were harvested after haematopoietic growth factor (HGF) administration. PBSCs were collected using a continuous flow blood separator (Cobe Spectra). In 13 patients access was through a central catheter with peripheral venous return, in 4 patients access was through a central catheter with return through a femoral catheter; one patient had femoral catheter access with peripheral venous return and two patients had both access and return through peripheral veins. For 19 patients the extracorporeal line was primed with red blood cells. The median blood flow rate was 13.8 ml/min (range 7-22 ml/min). Sixty-six procedures (mean 3.3/patient, range 1-4) were performed with a mean total collection time of 8.5 h. The median number of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-GM) collected was 37.7 x 10(4)/kg (mean 107 x 10(4)/kg, range 1.05-882 x 10(4)/kg). The number of CFU-GM collected per procedure in children with HGF was 7.8-fold higher than in children without HGF (median 20.4 versus 2.6 x 10(4) CFU-GM/kg body weight, respectively). There were no consistent effects on peripheral blood counts except on platelet counts which decreased following each procedure (median decrease in platelet count was 36%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of erythropoietic/hematopoietic reconstitution after BMT by highly fluorescent reticulocyte counts compares favorably with traditional peripheral blood cell counting.

Highly fluorescent reticulocyte (HFR) counts and reticulocyte counts were analyzed daily using a Sysmex R-1000 automated reticulocyte counter after 42 BMT in children (median age 7 years, range 10 month-18.5 years). White blood cell levels were also analyzed daily using either traditional counting methods or, when levels were very low, cytocentrifuge preparations. Twenty-eight patients received autologous and 14 allogeneic BMT. After myeloablative therapy, HFR counts fell to zero and rose to 2% of the reticulocyte total after a median time of 10 days (range 6-23 days) post-autoBMT and 14 days (range 9-29 days) post-alloBMT. The appearance of HFR (at least 2% in two successive counts) preceded the attainment of 20 x 10(9)/l reticulocytes in 23 of 26 autoBMT by a median time of 3 days, and in 13 of 13 alloBMT with a median time of 4 days (p < 0.001). Two per cent HFR preceded the attainment of 0.5 x 10(9)/l neutrophils in the majority of BMT by a median time > 6 days (p < 0.001). The attainment of 0.05 x 10(9)/l monocytes was preceded by a rise in HFR in 12 of 26 autoBMT and in 7 of 13 alloBMT. Median times between 2% HFR and monocyte levels of 0.05 x 10(9)/l were respectively 2 (range 0- > 24) and 3 (range: 0- > 19) days after auto and alloBMT. These results show that the evaluation of erythropoiesis following BMT by means of HFR counting provides an early measure of hematopoietic reconstitution which is as precise and considerably more practical than monitoring the monocyte level.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Complement activation during low-density lipoprotein apheresis.

Complement system activation was investigated in two girls with familial homozygous hypercholesterolemia undergoing two monthly sessions on LA15 or LA40 (Kaneka liposorber). We determined blood levels of C3c and C3a, leukocyte counts, and plasma levels of C3c and C3a in the extracorporeal circulation device at the start of the sessions and 15 and either 60 or 120 min into them. Sequential eluates were collected from LA40 at the end of the sessions (0.5M NaCl, 1M hydroxylamine). Anaphylatoxin C3a increased throughout, especially with LA40. As previously reported, C3a was trapped in the dextran column but was noticeably present in efferent plasma. Besides many proteins, nonnative complement fragments bearing C3a and C3d antigens were detected in almost all the eluates, suggesting possible in situ complement activation. Practically, complement activation induced by the first filter is a risk; long-term side effects may arise from this extracorporeal circulation device.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1990

[Isolated persistent thrombocytopenia after autologous bone marrow grafting].

An 11 year-old boy was treated for acute promyelocytic leukemia (ALM3) with chemotherapy according to the LAME 86 protocol (aracytin and rubidomycin). The first complete remission was consolidated by two autologous bone marrow transplantations. Following autologous graft, a persistent thrombocytopenic purpura appeared. Autoimmune origin was indicated by a decrease in platelet survival time and by the presence of high levels of antiplatelet antibodies.

Autoimmunity↗
PubMed1989

Hormonal, fluid, and electrolyte changes during a 72-h recovery from a 24-h endurance run.

To examine body fluid regulation over 72 h of recovery from a 24-h endurance race, changes in plasma volume (delta PV) and plasma aldosterone (A), cortisol (CO), antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were studied in nine male runners before (C) and after (1-2 h = D0; 24 h = D1; 48 h = D2; 72 h = D3) the race, 24-h urine collections were made 1 week before (C), during the 24-h race/U0), and during the 3 days following the end of the race (U1, U2, and U3). On D0 delta PV decreased (2%). A, CO and ADH increased (380%, 200%, and 133%, respectively, from C values) and ANP decreased (68%). No significant changes were found in sodium, potassium, osmolality in plasma, in 24-h urine volume (UV), and natriuresis (Na+). Urinary potassium excretion (K+) increased (256% from C value). During the 3 days of recovery delta PV rose markedly with a peak on D2 (24%) and remained elevated on D3 (15%). CO, ADH, and ANP returned to baseline on D1 and A on D3. Significant inverse effects were observed on ADH (P less than 0.001) and ANP (P less than 0.01): from C values, ADH decreased (21% and 29%) and ANP increased (41% and 58%) on D2 and D3, respectively. UV and Na+ were depressed on D1 and D2. This study shows that the hormonal responses observed immediately after the 24-h run favored a relative fluid conservation. The hypervolemia that occurred during the 3-day recovery was related to renal responses on D1 and D2 and appeared to be the primary factor in the hormonal responses on D2 and D3.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Spontaneously acquired factor VIII inhibitor in a non-haemophiliac child.

A three-year-old girl who had for two months suffered bruising after minimal injury was admitted because of diffuse ecchymoses and a large haematoma hindering elbow movement. These symptoms were attributable to the development of antifactor VIII inhibitor. No definite etiology was evident despite repeated immunological investigation. Although the inhibitor still persisted at high levels after two years, no further haemorrhage occurred, excepted haematomas three months after the onset of symptoms, in association with mumps.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1983

Diagnostic and prognostic value of fibrin stabilising factor in Schönlein-Henoch syndrome.

Fibrin stabilising factor (FSF) was studied in the circulating blood of 196 children. These 196 children comprised three groups: 131 controls (group A), 20 children with diseases of potential repercussion on FSF determination (group B), and 45 children with Schönlein-Henoch syndrome (group C). Determinations from groups A and B produced normal values, but results from group C were significantly lower at the onset of the vasculitis. Seventeen children with Schönlein-Henoch syndrome have had complications, in 7 of whom these were severe. The decrease in FSF levels was correlated with the severity of such complications, and an increase in FSF was associated with recovery. Determination of FSF activity appears to help in the diagnosis of Schönlein-Henoch vasculitis, as well as helping to monitor the course of the disease and assessing the risks of complications.

Child↗
PubMed1983

[Refractory sideroblastic anemia with vacuolization of marrow precursors and exocrine pancreatic dysfunction. Study of a new case].

The case of an infant with bone marrow dysfunction and exocrine pancreatic deficiency is reported. Bone marrow dysfunction presented at birth, with a refractory sideroblastic anemia later associated with neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Erythroid and myeloid precursors had a marked cytoplasm vacuolization and very poor in vitro growth. The exocrine pancreatic deficiency was shown by the pancreozymin-secretin stimulation test and by the study of fat digestion. This case report is different from Shwachman's syndrome, but similar to a syndrome of unknown etiology, recently described by Pearson in 4 children. The normality of immune investigations and of the culture of T lymphocyte precursors, in our patient, shows that the bone marrow dysfunction spares the lymphoid lineage. The simultaneous occurrence of bone marrow and pancreatic cells dysfunction suggests either a process acquired during embryonic life, or a gene mutation with pleiotropic effects.

Anemia, Sideroblastic↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of infectious episodes in neonates using a new procedure for the nitroblue tetrazolium test.

A new procedure for the NBT slide test for peripheral blood neutrophils has been tested. 255 neonates were studied of which 63 served as control cases. Among the 114 term infants, 37 were patently infected, 30 suspicious and 47 non-infected. The latter did not significantly differ from control cases, whereas suspicious and infected infants were credited with significantly higher NBT scores. 78 infants were preterm, 31 of which were patently infected, 22 suspicious and 25 non-infected. NBT scores of infected and suspicious infants were significantly higher than those of non-infected infants, but, as previously reported, scores of preterm infants were systematically and significantly lower than those of full-term infants of the same bacteriological class. Threshold values are suggested; they could represent an accurate diagnostic aid in the early differentiation of healthy infants from high-risk infants regarding bacterial infections.

Bacterial Infections↗