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Biomedical subjects

M J Manning

Publications and source records attributed to M J Manning.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Assessment of lawn care worker exposure to dithiopyr.

Eighteen ChemLawn lawn care specialists were monitored for worker exposure by both passive dosimetry and biological monitoring techniques in the performance of normal duties of mixing/loading and application of Dimension herbicide to turfgrass. Passive dosimetry was performed, utilizing cotton gauze patches, silica gel air sampling absorption media, and hand washes as per US Environmental Protection Agency Pesticide Assessment Guidelines. Biological monitoring was performed by analysis of all urine specimens collected from each specialist from initiation until 72 h after application of dithiopyr. The mean body dose estimate from urinalysis of the specimens collected over the 72 h period was 4.60 x 10(-5) mg/kg/lb applied. The passive dosimetry body dose estimates using dermal deposition measurements corrected for skin penetration and simulated inhalation measurements were calculated for the two clothing scenarios observed in the worker tests. The mean body dose estimate for a fully clothed specialist wearing a long-sleeved shirt was 8.09 x 10(-5) mg/kg/lb while for a specialist wearing a short-sleeved shirt the estimate was 3.62 x 10(-4) mg/kg/lb. The lower leg regions, which were protected by long pants and boots, had the highest exposure by passive dosimetry data.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effects of direct immersion in antigen on immunological memory in young carp, Cyprinus carpio.

The study asks whether, in fish, antigens encountered early in life can prime the immune system to yield memory responses on subsequent challenge with the same antigen and, if so, whether positive immunity or immunological tolerance is induced. The direct immersion method of vaccination was used to prime 4 week old carp, Cyprinus carpio, and was compared with priming by injection. Three different forms of antigen were used: the thymus dependent antigen, human gamma globulin (HGG) in soluble and in particulate (latex bound) form; also the putative thymus independent bacterin, formalin-killed Aeromonas salmonicida. The thymus dependent antigens were also used on 9 month old animals. In 4 week old carp, A. salmonicida vaccine delivered either by direct immersion or intraperitoneally (i.p.) yielded enhanced serum antibody levels and heightened proliferative responses in the lymphoid tissue of the spleen and kidney. Latex-bound HGG applied by direct immersion was found to partially suppress secondary antibody production while still eliciting enhanced proliferation. The decrease in antibody production following direct immersion priming of young fish with latex-bound HGG was not nearly as marked as the tolerance induced following priming with latex-bound HGG by the i.p. route and, unlike the tolerance induced by the injection route, may possibly still occur in older fish. When HGG was applied to young carp in soluble form by direct immersion it was ineffective and failed to influence memory induction. This is in contrast to the antibody tolerance, accompanied by an enhanced proliferative response following challenge, which resulted from administration of the soluble antigen by injection in the young fish. The status of the immune system in these antibody-tolerant fish is still far from clear. This highlights the need for further investigation of the role of cell-mediated reactions and local immunity in the immune responses of fish.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1976

Antibody production to lipopolysaccharide in thymectomized Xenopus.

Xenopus toadlets, some of which had been thymectomized as larvae, were immunized with E. coli lipopolysaccharide. Antibody titers were similar in thymectomized and intact toadlets. Antibody was exclusively IgM. The results suggest that a division into thymus-dependent and thymus-independent anti-body responses extends at least as far back in phylogeny as the amphibians.

Animals↗