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Biomedical subjects

M J Mozin

Publications and source records attributed to M J Mozin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Prevention of weight excess and nutritional cares in obese children and adolescents].

Obesity is considered by World Health Organization (W.H.O.) as a worldwide epidemic disease having important psychosocial and physical effects. W.H.O. proposes to pay the same attention to prevention as well as to treatment of weight excess and obesity. Prevention should be applied as soon as weight gain raises too rapidly and as soon as Body Mass Index (BMI) is higher than P 97. The change of dietary habits, organisation of a healthy way of life and frequent follow-ups of weight and height evolution normalize very often the BMI. The recommended treatment for obesity in childhood and adolescence consists on a multidisciplinary approach including at first the medical doctor, than the dietician and if possible, a physiotherapist. Some patients need the intervention of the psychologist or pedopsychiatrist. Dietary intervention supposes a dietary anamnesis including dietary habits, scholarship, sleeping habits and physical activities. Nutritional education concerns the change of nutritional behaviour, information about qualitative and quantitative aspects of food requirements and must take into account the age, growth needs, habitual way of life and the necessity to apply the new way of life on a long term period. The nutritional and behavioural characteristics ensuring an optimal satiety must therefore be applied in order to facilitate the application of the nutritional recommendations. The studies concerning the treatment efficiency in childhood obesity concern a limited number of patients and for a relatively short period of time. In order to be efficient, parents and children need to feel non guilty and caregivers need to give the same attention to the young patients as they would to sick children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Effect of a fermented infant formula containing viable bifidobacteria on the fecal flora composition and pH of healthy full-term infants.

We assessed the growth, tolerance, and acceptability as well as fecal flora composition and stool pH of 20 healthy full-term infants fed with a fermented whey-adapted infant formula containing viable bifidobacteria (10(6)/g of powder) during the first 2 months of life. This fermented infant formula, first biologically acidified by Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus helveticus, was compared to a whey-adapted, nonacidified, low-phosphate infant formula in a double-blind, randomized controlled study. The results were compared to a control group (n = 14) of fully breast-fed infants. The fermented whey-adapted formula containing viable bifidobacteria induced a prevalence of colonization with bifidobacteria at 1 month of age similar to that of breast-fed infants (12/20 versus 8/14) but significantly higher than in the group fed the standard infant formula (4/20). The mean bacterial count of bifidobacteria was similar in all colonized infants; however, fecal pH was significantly lower in the breast-fed infants than in the nonacidified bottle-fed infants. This kind of infant formula was well tolerated and promoted a normal growth during the first 2 months.

Bifidobacterium↗
PubMed1989

Sleep pattern alterations and brief airway obstructions in overweight infants.

The sleep characteristics of 10 overweight infants were monitored polysomnographically and compared with those of 10 age- and sex-matched control infants with no weight excess. The infants were selected from a well-babies clinic. Infants were assigned to the weight excess group if their weight was greater than 120% of ideal weight/height for age. There were six boys and four girls in both groups, with a median age of 23.5 weeks in the weight excess group and 22.0 weeks in the control group. The infants with weight excess spent significantly less time sleeping in non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep stage 3-4 and more time in indeterminate sleep than their matched controls. The infants with weight excess had also significantly more gross body movements and more sleep stage shifts than the control infants. Brief airway obstructions were found significantly more frequently in the weight excess group than in the control group. Seven overweight infants showed a total of 74 brief airway obstructions; 41 occurred in NREM sleep stage 1 or 2 and 14 in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. The median duration of the obstructive episodes was 8 s (range 3-13 s). Of the 10 control subjects, only 2 had one obstructive episode each, lasting 3 and 4 s and occurring during REM sleep. Only one mixed apnea of 6.5 s was recorded in a 39-week-old overweight boy. The obstructive episodes were accompanied by a median fall in heart rate of 9% (range 0-51%) and by a median fall in oxygen saturation of 0.9% (range 0-10%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1989

Milk intolerance in children with persistent sleeplessness: a prospective double-blind crossover evaluation.

From July 1986 to July 1988, 146 children less than 5 years of age were referred by their physicians to our university sleep clinic for continual waking and crying during sleep hours. For 85 children (58.2%), the sleeplessness was attributed to inappropriate sleep habits. For 17 children (11.6%), no explanation was found for the sleep difficulties in spite of an extensive workup. Their median age at referral was 13.5 months (range 2.5 to 29 months). Their persistent sleeplessness was tentatively attributed to an undiagnosed intolerance to cow's milk. Cow's milk was excluded from their diet. In 15 children sleep normalized after 5 weeks (range 4 to 6 weeks). As seen from the parents' logs, the median time needed by the children to fall asleep decreased from 15 minutes (range 15 to 60 minutes) to 10 minutes (range 10 to 15 minutes, P = .001). The number of complete arousals decreased from 5 (range 1 to 12) to less than 1 per night (range 0 to 2) (P = .001). Total sleep time per 24 hours increased from 5.5 hours (range 3 to 8.5 hours) to 13.0 hours (range 10 to 14.5 hours, P = .001). Sleep normalized in one child who continued to receive no cow's milk only after the hydrolyzed hypoallergenic diet was discontinued. In every child, a double-blind crossover challenge was conducted involving a control diet containing no cow's milk and a diet containing cow's milk. The challenge induced the reappearance of insomnia and agitated behavior in all except one child. The child's initial sleep difficulties were retrospectively attributed to inappropriate sleep habits.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Sleep problems in healthy preadolescents.

Few data currently exist concerning the sleep problems of preadolescents. A parent report questionnaire concerning sleep habits and problems was developed. The questionnaires were completed by the parents of 1000 unscreened elementary school children attending the third, fourth, and fifth grades. The schools were randomly selected from an urban area. Of the 1000 questionnaires, 972 were completed and could be used for statistical analysis. Among the parents, 24% reported sleeping poorly and 12% regularly relied on sedatives to induce sleep. Sleep difficulties lasting more than 6 months were present in 43% of the children. In 14% (132 of 972), sleep latency was longer than 30 minutes, and more than one complete arousal occurred during the night at least two nights per week. The following variables were seen among the poor sleepers: lower parental educational and professional status, parents who were more likely to be divorced or separated, and more noise or light in the rooms were they slept. They also presented a higher incidence of somnambulism, somniloquia, and night fears (nightmares and night terrors) than the children who slept well. Boys who slept poorly were significantly more likely to have insomniac fathers (P less than .010). Regular use of sedatives was described in 4% (5 of 132) of the children who slept poorly. Among the "poor sleepers," 21% (33 of 132) had failed 1 or more years at school. School achievement difficulties were encountered significantly more often among the poor sleepers than among the children without sleep problems (P = .001). Of the families with children suffering from sleep problems, 28% expressed a desire for counseling.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Belgium↗
PubMed1988

Sleep characteristics in milk-intolerant infants.

We have shown that there is a relation between allergy to cow's milk and chronic sleeplessness in infants. In the present report we describe the sleep characteristics of children with allergy-related sleep disruption. We compared the polygraphic characteristics of nine infants studied before and after the exclusion of milk from the diet. The infants had a mean age of 18.3 +/- 13.3 and 25.4 +/- 12.7 weeks at the first and the second recording, respectively. Diagnosis of allergy was based on clinical observation. Sleep normalized after milk was withdrawn, deteriorated after a challenge with milk, and normalized again on a second trial of milk elimination. Before the change in diet, the infants' polygraphic recording showed frequent arousals (8-22), short sleep cycles, and a large amount of NREM1 sleep. Gastroesophageal reflux and sleep apnea were not responsible for the sleep fragmentation. After milk was excluded from the diet for 7 weeks, the infants showed striking changes in sleep quality. There was a significant decrease in number of arousals (-41.7%) and an increase in total sleep time (+22.7%) and in NREM2 and 3 sleep (+387.9%). NREM1 sleep decreased significantly (-42.1%). During the second recordings, these sleep values could not be distinguished from those of 40 age-matched controls studied in the same laboratory environments. We do not know if the observed modifications in sleep could reflect immunologic changes within the central nervous system.

Arousal↗
PubMed1987

Difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep associated with cow's milk allergy in infants.

To confirm that sleeplessness in infants can be related to an undiagnosed allergy to cow's milk proteins, 71 infants were studied. Group I consisted of 20 infants referred for chronic insomnia that had appeared in the early days of life. Group II was made up of 31 infants admitted for skin or digestive symptoms attributed to cow's milk intolerance; 13 of these infants were shown to sleep as poorly as the infants of group I. Group III consisted of 20 infants with no history of sleep disturbance or milk allergy. The three groups of infants were comparable for sex and age. Laboratory tests revealed immunologic reactions to milk in all the infants in groups I and II. The sleep of the insomniac infants (group I, and the 13 "poor sleepers" in group II) became normal after cow's milk was eliminated from the diet. Insomnia reappeared when the infants in group I were challenged with milk. We conclude that infants with clinically evident milk allergy may suffer from sleeplessness and that when no evident cause for a chronic insomnia can be found in an infant the possibility of milk allergy should be given serious consideration.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Insomnia and cow's milk allergy in infants.

A group of eight infants (six boys and two girls, 7 to 46 weeks of age) is reported, in whom a causal relationship between cow's milk allergy and chronic sleeplessness was suspected. They were referred because of waking and crying episodes that had occurred since the early days of life during sleep hours. During an average night, they slept about 4.5 hours and woke their parents about five times. They cried a lot during the day and were described as fussy. Two infants had been treated with phenothiazine without improvement. No cause for chronic insomnia was found during a standard medical and psychologic workup. An all-night polygraphic recording confirmed the disrupted sleep pattern of these infants, as compared with that of normal infants, and excluded further causes of arousals. Due to a clinical suspicion of atopy, the infants were further subjected to a series of allergy tests. IgE levels were shown to be elevated in each child, and radioallergosorbent tests were positive for cow's milk protein. The infants were than fed exclusively with a hydrolyzed milk protein mixture for 4 weeks. Sleep normalized within 2 weeks in every infant: night sleep increased to a median of 10 hours, and the awakenings only occurred occasionally. In four infants less than 6 months of age, cow's milk was reintroduced in the diet, and within 1 week all four became severely sleepless. Cow's milk was again excluded from the diet and the babies' sleep behaviors were again normalized. It is concluded that, when no evident cause for sleeplessness can be found in an infant, the possibility of milk allergy should be given serious consideration.

Animals↗