Biomedical subjects

M J Penning

Publications and source records attributed to M J Penning.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

Evaluating support services to seniors. A discussion of collaborative research.

The difficulties involved in attempting to turn collaboration into partnership are revealed in this article about the relationship between research funders and researchers, specifically government funders and university researchers. Some discussion revolves around the relationships between researchers and among the researchers, practitioners, and consumers. This article also discusses collaborative research relationships by using the evaluation of a support program to seniors as an illustration. Also addressed are how the research revealed the success of the program and the frustrations encountered when government would not act on the findings.

Aged↗

PubMed1998

In the middle: parental caregiving in the context of other roles.

OBJECTIVES: Parental caregiving has been conceptualized as both a source of role strain and of role enhancement. To assess support for each of these perspectives, this article examines the relationship between concurrent multiple roles (as spouse, parent, and employed worker) and the perceived stress and physical and emotional ill health of parental caregivers. METHODS: Multivariate regression analyses (OLS) are conducted using data drawn from a Canadian probability sample of 687 caregivers to parents and parents-in-law. RESULTS: Although the vast majority of parental caregivers are confronted with multiple roles, only weak and inconsistent relationships are evident between particular roles or combinations of roles and caregivers' perceptions of stress and physical and emotional health. DISCUSSION: Little support is found for either a role strain or role enhancement hypothesis. Inconsistencies in the findings point to a need to go beyond simplified expectations of either role strain or role enhancement and examine the meanings assigned to particular roles and the contexts within which they are enacted.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1997

Marital instability after midlife.

"Divorce in later life has been shown to produce dramatic declines in the economic, psychological, and physical well-being of marital partners. This study examines the prevalence and determinants of marital disruption after midlife using Becker's theory of marital instability. Using recent Canadian national data, the marital outcomes of women and men who were married as of age 40 are tracked across the remaining years of the marriage. Cox proportional hazard regression models indicate stabilizing effects of the duration of the marriage, the age at first marriage, the presence of young children, as well as of remarriage for middle-aged and older persons. Other significant risk factors include education, heterogamous marital status, premarital cohabitation, number of siblings, and region."

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Employer-based health insurance and seniors: the case of Bermuda.

This article examines the importance of economic factors in physician and other health service utilization among older adults living in Bermuda. Using data drawn from a national survey of 500 Bermudian elders, the findings reveal economic factors to be unrelated to the use of physician services directly, but to be significant determinants of the use of other health services. Need plus non-need factors are related to the use of both physician and other health services. The employer-based system does seem to provide universal access, but factors in addition to need influence the receipt of care.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Health, social support, and the utilization of health services among older adults.

This study examined the role of social support in relation to health status and health service utilization. The analyses draw on data from interviews with a stratified random sample of 1,284 noninstitutionalized adults aged 60 and over living in the province of Manitoba, Canada. The findings reveal differences depending upon the type of support (instrumental, emotional) and type of service (medical, hospital, home care) involved. Significant interactions are found between dimensions of support and of health status, suggesting the differential importance of social support across levels of health-related need.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Cognitive impairment, caregiver burden, and the utilization of home health services.

This study addresses the relationship between caregiver burden and the use of home health services among older adults with cognitive impairment. Analyses draw on data from personal interviews conducted with 327 older adults with cognitive impairment and living in the community of their primary caregivers. Using the Andersen-Newman framework, the results of ordinary least squares and logistic regression analyses reveal that caregiver burden and formal home health service use are only weakly related. Possible explanations for the findings are discussed.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Gender differences in disability, assistance, and subjective well-being in later life.

This study focused on gender differences in functional disability among older adults, their reliance on personal assistance and technical aids, and relationships among the use of these sources of assistance, functional disability, and subjective feelings of well-being. The analyses employ data from interviews conducted with 1,406 community-dwelling elders living in Manitoba, Canada. The results reveal (a) greater disability and somewhat greater use of personal assistance among women, and (b) differences between men and women in relationships between both personal and technical resources and subjective feelings of well-being across levels of functional disability.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1990

Receipt of assistance by elderly people: hierarchical selection and task specificity.

We studied the relative importance of family members, friends, neighbors, and others in the support networks of elderly people. A hierarchical compensatory model contends that kin, particularly spouse and children, are of primary importance, followed by friends and neighbors and formal organizations in a well-ordered hierarchical selection process. In contrast, a task specificity model emphasizes differences in the ability of particular groups to offer various forms of support. Data drawn from interviews with 1,284 elderly respondents in Winnipeg, Manitoba offer limited support for the hierarchical compensatory model.

Activities of Daily Living↗