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Biomedical subjects

M J Sands

Publications and source records attributed to M J Sands.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Identification of a novel transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta 5) mRNA in Xenopus laevis.

A novel transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA of about 3.0 kilobases, which encodes a putative protein of 382 amino acids, has been identified in amphibians by cDNA cloning. This mRNA, which we designate as TGF-beta 5, is developmentally regulated and highly expressed beginning at early neurula (stage 14) and in many adult tissues in Xenopus laevis. Following the first methionine, the putative precursor protein has a hydrophobic region, approximately 22 amino acids long, which probably represents a signal sequence, similar to that found in TGF-beta s 1-3. The precursor also has potential sites for glycosylation, integrin binding (RGD), and a tetrabasic amino acid (RKKR) site for potential cleavage of the precursor peptide to a biologically active protein. The putative mature protein consists of 112 amino acids with 9 cysteines and has 76, 66, 69, and 72% identity to TGF-beta s 1-4, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Quantitative analysis of stress thallium-201 myocardial scintigrams: a multicenter trial.

Previously we validated a method for quantification of 201TI myocardial stress distribution and washout in which the patient's stress and washout circumferential profiles are compared with observed normal limits. The present study reports the results of a multicenter trial in which this method, utilizing normal limits from our institution, was employed to evaluate the presence, location, and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD). The normal limits utilized were generated from 49 patients having a low likelihood of CAD. The study population included 157 patients from four centers in the United States and Canada as well as a comparative prospective population from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (CSMC) of 51 patients with CAD, 30 patients with normal coronary arteriograms, and 30 additional low-likelihood normals. The results in the combined centers regarding overall detection of CAD revealed a sensitivity of 84% and a frequency of test normality in the patients with low likelihood of CAD of 88%, compared to a sensitivity of 82% and true normalcy rate of 83% obtained in the prospective CSMC population. The sensitivity for detecting disease increased according to the extent of angiographic CAD in both the multicenter sites and the prospective CSMC group. Regarding localization of disease, similar sensitivities and specificities for detecting disease in individual coronary arteries were found in the multicenter sites and the prospective CSMC population. The results indicate that our method for quantifying 201TI stress-redistribution scintigrams utilizing standard normal limits can be applied at other institutions using a variety of scintillation cameras with similar accuracy to that currently obtained at our institution.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Left tension pneumothorax masquerading as anterior myocardial infarction.

Spontaneous pneumothorax is an emergency that can present with variable signs and symptoms. Diagnosis of pneumothorax can be difficult, particularly in patients who present with unusual clinical findings. The electrocardiographic changes that develop with left pneumothorax are not widely known and can mimic acute myocardial ischemia. Our patient was admitted to the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit because of characteristic changes on the electrocardiogram. An admission chest film revealed left tension pneumothorax.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1977

Pericarditis and perimyocarditis associated with active Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

In 13 patients an association existed from 1970-73 between Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and acute pericarditis (in eight) or perimyocarditis (in five). In 12 patients the association was moderately probable, with a fourfold rise in complement-fixing antibody titers between acute and convalescent phase sera being noted. In the last patient, a lesser-order association was found using only convalsecent phase serum. The presence of influenza, herpes simplex, Coxsackie B, or adenovirus was excluded by serologic testing. Acute illness was variable, with four patients developing heart failure. Long-term evaluation (mean, 47 months) found eight patients asymptomatic and three symptomatic. Two patients died. Residual effects of the Mycoplasma infection seemed at least partially responsible in one compromised patient and in one who died. Mycoplasma infection should be considered in the presence of acute cardiovascular decompensation, especially when preceded by upper respiratory infection, and added to the possible causes of idiopathic cardiomyopathy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

The evaluation of left ventricular function in man. A comparison of methods.

Comparisons of the sensitivities of parameters for assessing left ventricular performance in man were made in 38 patients. The parameters compared were the ejection fraction, ventriculographic contraction patterns, the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and the contractile indices including the contractile element velocity at 10 mm Hg (Vce 10) and maximal contractile element velocity (Vmax). The contractile indices were obtained by catheter tip manometry, utilizing developed pressure (DP) to calculate the velocity of contractile element shortening (Vce) from the formula: dp/dt divided by 32 DP. Vce 10 was measured directly and Vmax was derived by linear manual extrapolation of the pressure-velocity plot to 0 mm Hg. Vmax values derived from linear manual extrapolation were compared with values obtained by computer least squares fitting of the Vce and developed pressure data points to single and double exponential equations. The Vce and developed pressure data points fit the single exponential equation better than the double exponential equation but the use of either equation resulted in slightly higher values for Vmax than obtained with linear manual extrapolation. The effect of heart rate on myocardial contractility was eliminated by making comparisons at both a basal and atrial paced rate of 100. Utilizing all methods, 24 patients were identified to have ventricular dysfunction. The contractile indices were significantly less sensitive than any other parameter (P smaller than 0.05) and identified seven patients while the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, ejection fraction, and presence of asynergy identified 15, 15, and 12 patients, respectively. The use of a common atrial paced rate of 100 did not increase the sensitivity of the contractile indices. Since there was only partial overlapping between parameters in the identification of left ventricular dysfunction, the combination of different parameters was more sensitive than any single parameter alone. It is concluded that several methods are required to identify all patients with left ventricular dysfunction and that the contractile indices are the least sensitive indicator of left ventricular dysfunction.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1975

Hypoglycemia complicating the use of solution of glucose, insulin and potassium.

A patient is described who developed hypoglycemia and generalized neurologic depression after cardiac surgery, while receiving an infusion of glucose, insulin, and potassium (GIK). Hypoglycemia as a complication of the use of GIK solution in patients with hepatic dysfunction, malnutrition and low cardiac output is discussed.

Cardiac Catheterization↗