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Biomedical subjects

M J Schank

Publications and source records attributed to M J Schank.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Profile: frail elderly women, maintaining independence.

While several published studies have examined the interactions of health status and social support in the general population or elderly segment of the population, there has been no reported study that specifically examines the health status and social support of frail elderly women, aged 85 years and older. This study reports on the findings of a research study that examined a group of frail elderly women, residing in the community. It focuses on why and how these women are able to live independently. The relationships between health status and social support and between health status and the process of ageing are explored. The study reveals the importance of social support assessments of this group as a prerequisite to effective health care policy, professional health education programmes, and community resource development.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

Maintaining health and independence of elderly women.

1. There is a paucity of research specific to elderly women in the nursing literature. Research is needed in this area because older women have different patterns of aging than men. 2. Since older women are the most rapidly growing segment of American society, there is a need to maintain their health and independence while minimizing the effects of chronic illness. 3. Elderly women with a reported health status of excellent or good indicated they had a greater degree of social support than respondents reporting a fair or poor health status. 4. Women residing in private housing reported having an excellent or good health status and a greater degree of social support more frequently than women in public housing.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

The leadership/management role: a differentiating factor for ADN/BSN programs?

The resurgence of the ADN/BSN issue relative to educational preparation and roles and the concomitant development of positions taken by the professional associations and National Commission on Nursing pointed to the need for study of current ADN/BSN curricula and utilization of graduates. Based upon a brief historical literature review and ADN/BSN competency statements, the leadership/management role was selected for study as a possible differentiating factor between these programs. Findings from a statewide study of ADN and BSN programs and a representative sample of nurse executives indicated that an education and service dilemma exists relative to this role. The majority of ADN program directors noted that a leadership/management component should be part of ADN curricula, whereas BSN program directors did not concur. Nurse executives utilized ADN graduates in leadership/management positions and stated that length of experience was an influencing factor in selection. Numerous other findings showed a discrepancy in beliefs and practices among educators and nurse executives. This survey demonstrates the need for curriculum changes and role clarification. The leadership/management role may be a viable area for consideration.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1988

The potential of expert systems in nursing.

The newly emerging technology of expert systems will not replace nursing decision-makers and problem-solvers, but it does promise to serve them as effective "intelligent assistants." An examination of what expert systems are, where expert systems are being used, whether they are possible and economically feasible in nursing, and the benefits, limitations, and future of expert systems, suggest that there is the potential for the development and use of expert systems in some areas of nursing practice, administration, and education. It is the role of nursing administrators to identify and to support the development of those applications that are the most promising.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A study of values of baccalaureate nursing students and graduate nurses from a secular and a nonsecular program.

This study examined the relationship between professional values of senior baccalaureate nursing students and graduate nurses compared to the values reflected in the Code for Nurses. A questionnaire was completed by 199 students and graduates of a secular and a nonsecular university. Data were analyzed using content analysis, frequency distributions, and multivariate procedures. Findings indicated that values identified most frequently by all respondents related to patient care issues rather than social issues of the profession. Analyses showed no significant difference in value identification between respondents from the secular and the nonsecular institutions. Implications for nursing education, nursing service, and future research are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wanted: nurses with critical thinking skills.

Knowing how to think, apply, analyze, synthesize, and evaluate are crucial skills for nursing professionals. Development of critical thinking skills requires educational involvement beyond the level of basic preparation. The diffusion of nursing knowledge afforded by continuing education in nursing makes it the perfect milieu for the enhancement and continuous development of critical thinking skills.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Professional values and empowerment: a role for continuing education.

A commitment to values is increasingly important for professional nurses. For practitioners of nursing, advances in knowledge and technology are raising complicated ethical questions that need a response. The guiding of ethical decision-making is a primary function of a code of ethics such as the Code for Nurses document (1978). Among practitioners of nursing, values identified most frequently are reflected in the first six statements that deal with professional issues. Values inherent in the last five statements, which focus on social issues, such as professional empowerment, are not readily identified. Internalization of the social issue values is critical for the future of nursing.

Codes of Ethics↗