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M J Siegel

Publications and source records attributed to M J Siegel.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Single-versus multidetector-row CT: comparison of sedation rates, conventional angiograms and motion artefacts in young children following liver transplantation.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is associated with decreased sedation, frequency of motion artefacts and conventional angiograms compared with single-detector CT (SDCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT examinations performed in young children between January 1993 and June 2005 were reviewed retrospectively. Prior to September 2000, SDCT was used; after that period, MDCT was used. The examinations obtained during these two periods were compared for the frequency of sedation, motion artefacts, and conventional angiograms. Statistical comparison between the two groups was determined by using the chi(2) test. RESULTS: A total of 126 infants and children younger than 6 years of age underwent 134 CT examinations. Eighty-eight were obtained with a SDCT (65%) (group 1) and 46 with a MDCT (35%) (group 2). Sedation was required in 31/88 (35%) CT examinations in group 1 and in 6/46 (13%) in group 2. Conventional angiography was performed in 20/88 (22%) cases in group 1 and in 6/46 (13%) in group 2. Motion artefacts were present in 8/88 (9%) CT examinations in group 1 and in 4/46 (8%) in group 2. There was significant statistical difference with regard to sedation and angiography rates between the two groups (p<0.001) whereas there was no significant difference with regard to motion artefacts (p>1). CONCLUSIONS: MDCT can reduce the need for sedation and conventional angiography in children after liver transplantation. There is no effect on patient motion artefacts.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Magnetic resonance imaging of musculoskeletal soft tissue masses.

The role of MR imaging in the evaluation of children with large, deep, or infiltrative soft tissue masses is to characterize and determine the extent of the lesion for treatment planning. There are a small number of soft tissue tumors with MR imaging appearances characteristic enough to allow a specific diagnosis, obviating biopsy. In the remaining cases with nonspecific imaging appearances, MR imaging is used for anatomic staging, but tissue sampling is still required for determining histology and grading.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Pediatric liver imaging.

The evaluation of hepatic diseases in children is often a multimodality process, requiring multiple imaging tests to determine the cause and extent of an abnormality. Ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have distinct roles to play in the evaluation of hepatic disease in children. This article addresses the hepatic and biliary lesions that are unique or more common in children and describes their cross-sectional imaging characteristics. In addition, the techniques and protocols for US, CT, and MRI are reviewed.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed2001

Post-lung transplantation bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome: usefulness of expiratory thin-section CT for diagnosis.

PURPOSE: To assess the usefulness of thin-section expiratory computed tomography (CT), as compared with that of thin-section inspiratory CT, in detecting airway obstruction and air trapping in pediatric lung transplant recipients with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thin-section CT scans were obtained at full inspiration and end expiration in 21 pediatric lung transplant recipients with proved BOS and in 41 transplant recipients with normal airways. True diagnosis was based on pulmonary function test results. Inspiration CT scans were scored for extent of decreased attenuation of the lung parenchyma; expiration CT scans were scored for extent of air trapping. RESULTS: The sensitivity of inspiratory CT for enabling diagnosis of BOS was 71%; the specificity, 78%; the positive predictive value, 62%; and the negative predictive value, 84%. The sensitivity of expiratory CT for enabling diagnosis of BOS was 100%; the specificity, 71%; the positive predictive value, 64%; and the negative predictive value, 100%. Expiratory CT scores correlated more strongly (rho = 0.75, P <.01) with pulmonary function test-based scores than did inspiratory CT scores (rho = 0.48, P <.01). Nominal logistic regression analysis revealed that expiratory CT was a more powerful predictor of true diagnosis (P <.01) than was inspiratory CT (P =.10). CONCLUSION: Expiratory CT is sensitive for depicting BOS-related airway abnormalities and may be more useful than inspiratory CT for diagnosis of small airway obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Gray scale sonography of breast masses in adolescent girls.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the sonographic findings of breast masses in adolescents and the usefulness of sonographic patterns for suggesting a specific diagnosis. METHODS: The sonograms and medical records of 57 girls (mean age, 15.4 years) with palpable breast masses were retrospectively reviewed. Three observers reviewed the sonograms for multiple sonographic findings. Surgery or clinical findings established diagnoses. Statistical analysis was done to determine how well sonographic findings alone and in combination agreed with final histologic diagnoses. RESULTS: Diagnoses included cysts (n = 12), abscesses (n = 7), fibroadenomas (n = 36), a lactating adenoma (n = 1), and a phyllodes tumor (n = 1). The sonographic findings varied significantly among lesion types (P < or = .005). CONCLUSIONS: Our experience suggests that virtually all breast masses in a pediatric population are benign and that sonography has the ability to differentiate among cystic, inflammatory, and solid masses.

Abscess↗
PubMed2000

Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder in children: clinical, histopathologic, and imaging features.

Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a condition in patients who receive transplants in which chronic immunosuppression leads to an unregulated expansion of lymphoid cells; the condition ranges from hyperplasia to malignant lymphoid proliferation. Risk factors affecting the incidence of PTLD include allograft type, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and immunosuppression. In this article, we review the clinical, histopathologic, and imaging features of PTLD in children. Because PTLD can affect nearly any organ system, a wide variety of clinical manifestations is possible. The heterogeneous nature of the disease is also reflected on imaging studies. The goals of imaging in patients with PTLD are to detect disease, guide biopsy, and direct appropriate follow-up imaging rather than to establish a specific diagnosis. Because the clinical and imaging manifestations of PTLD are nonspecific and are not reliably predictive of histopathologic subtype, tissue biopsy is necessary for final diagnosis.

Biopsy↗