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Biomedical subjects

M J Weinbren

Publications and source records attributed to M J Weinbren.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in burn patients.

Drug pharmacokinetics are significantly altered in the burned patient but the interplay of a large number of variables is involved in deciding how an individual will deal with a drug. Consequently the burn patient population shows significant inter- and intrapatient variation. In 1976 altered aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics and the need for increased dosage in burn patients was reported but, despite this early study, a review of the currently available literature shows that for many drugs there is a paucity of information to support current dosage recommendations. In addition, many reports are based upon small numbers of patients, and even in larger studies there is no standardization of the study population with regard to the important variables known to affect drug handling. For the sub-population of burn patients who eliminate drugs extremely rapidly, a concern exists over the adequacy of antibiotic dosing. It is suggested that antibiotic serum concentrations be measured for all drugs in every patient to ascertain whether there is a significant problem with dosing. Additionally, future pharmacokinetic studies need to be standardized in burn patients.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1998

Streptococcal mural endocarditis and myocardial abscess occurring in a left ventricular aneurysm--case report and review.

Infection of the mural endocardium within a left ventricular aneurysm without valvular involvement is exceedingly rare. The presenting clinical features can be non-specific, and a high index of suspicion is required for its diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis invariably leads to a fatal outcome. Although no controlled studies are available to guide therapy and management of these patients, appropriate antibiotic therapy and early surgical resection of the infected ventricular aneurysm remain the cornerstone of therapy.

Aneurysm, Infected↗
PubMed1995

Haemophilus aphrophilus discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis.

An unusual case of discitis and vertebral osteomyelitis due to Haemophilus aphrophilus is described. Infections due to this organism have usually responded to treatment with beta-lactam antibiotics. However, our isolate was resistant to third-generation cephalosporins which has not been reported previously in the world literature. The patient made a good clinical response to ciprofloxacin treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1993

Mycoplasma hominis sternal wound infection and bacteraemia.

Mycoplasma hominis is a rare cause of bacteraemia in adult males. We believe this report to be the first of Mycoplasma hominis bacteraemia and wound infection complicating cardiac surgery. Because of difficulties in isolating the organism, cases may be missed. Review of the literature on M. hominis bacteraemia in adult males reveals that infection is often mild and most often associated with urethral catheterisation. M. hominis is resistant to many antibiotics including erythromycin. If treatment is indicated, tetracycline or clindamycin is the drug of choice.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1992

Streptococcal necrotising fasciitis.

Three cases of streptococcal necrotising fasciitis are described. Its relative rarity and the lack of superficial inflammation leading to diagnostic difficulty is emphasised. The diagnosis is readily confirmed microbiologically but the clinician should bear in mind that antibiotics may not be curative and that surgery is often required.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Outbreak of infection in two UK hospitals caused by a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime.

During an 8-month period, Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to cefotaxime and ceftazidime were isolated from 18 elderly patients in two closely-situated UK hospitals. Amongst these 18 patients, the organisms were isolated from urine samples of 17, from blood cultures of two and from a wound swab of one. The infected patients were located in nine different wards and several of the patients had been transferred between wards, within and between the two hospitals. All the bacterial isolates belonged to serotype K62, were non-typable or reacted only weakly with bacteriophage, showed similar plasmid profiles and were resistant to tetracycline and trimethoprim, thus indicating they were the same strain. Resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime was inhibited by clavulanic acid suggesting the involvement of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzyme activity. This was confirmed by analytical isoelectric focusing, which showed that isolates each produced two beta-lactamases with isoelectric points of 7.0(SHV-3) and 7.6 (SHV-1/2) respectively.

Cefotaxime↗