[Lumbar backache from the neurologic viewpoint].
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Back Pain↗
Biomedical subjects
M Jahns
Publications and source records attributed to M Jahns.
[Effect of carbamazepine on the velocity of saccades].
In 5 female patients suffering from focal epilepsies, the maximal velocity of saccades was determined before and during carbamazepinE therapy. A decrease in the velocity of saccades was followed by an increase at the same serum level.
Adult↗
Distribution of radiolabeled multilamellar liposomes injected intralymphatically and subcutaneously.
The distribution of negatively charged multilamellar vesicles (MLV) composed of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine and dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol administered subcutaneously (s.c.) and intralymphatically (i.l.) was studied in rats and dogs. In rats, the drainage of 99mTc-MLV from the s.c. space was slow, with 35% of the activity still remaining at the site of injection after 48 h and minimal systemic distribution (less than 5% at any time point). In the dog, 99mTc-MLV and 111In-MLV injected s.c. on the dorsal surface of a hindpaw were drained both by the lymphatic system and the systemic circulation; at 24 and 72 h, significant activity still remained at the site of injection. Lymphatic uptake was almost limited to the popliteal nodes and was enhanced by dividing the dose in several s.c. injections. Liver and kidney uptake was also observed, most likely as a result of direct liposome absorption into the systemic circulation. The i.l. administration (via left hindpaw) of 99mTc-MLV to a dog resulted in an immediate uptake in the abdominal and mediastinal lymph nodes, and in the liver and spleen. Compared with small unilamellar vesicles, MLV injected s.c. can provide a slower and more prolonged delivery of drugs to the regional lymph nodes.
Animals↗
Distribution of technetium-99m-labeled multilamellar liposomes in patients with Hodgkin's disease.
The distribution of 99mTc-labeled multilamellar liposomes composed of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) at a molar ratio of 7:3, administered intravenously, was studied in ten patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD). The dose of lipid was 150 mg/m2 and the mean dose of radioactivity injected per patient was 8.1 mCi (range 6.7-9.8). Whole-body imaging techniques were used, and for each organ an uptake index was calculated as the percent photographic density (PD) relative to the PD of the liver. Results were compared to those in a group of six patients with other malignancies. Increased liposome uptake in several skeletal areas was observed in one patient with HD with diffuse bone involvement and in the bone marrow of two patients with HD with bone marrow involvement. No definite liposome uptake was observed in lymph nodes involved by HD or in tumor areas of patients with other malignancies. Patients with HD had a significantly higher uptake by bone marrow (23.8% compared with 10.2% at 4 hr p = 0.02), and lungs (59.6% compared with 25.0% at 4 hr, p = 0.01) than patients with other malignancies. Among patients with HD, the uptake by bone marrow and lungs were higher in those with constitutional symptoms (bone marrow at 4 hr 31.4% compared with 16.2%, p = 0.02; lungs at 4 hr 68.8% compared with 50.4%, p = 0.19) and with liver involvement (bone marrow at 4 hr 30.8% compared with 16.8%, p = 0.03; lungs at 4 hr 73.6% compared with 45.6%, p = 0.03). These results suggest that patients with HD have a different pattern of distribution of multilamellar liposomes which may be related to a combination of nonspecific stimulation of the reticuloendothelial system and tumor uptake. It does not appear that liposomal 99mTc is capable of adequately imaging HD for clinical diagnosis.
Adult↗
Clinical pharmacology of 99mTc-labeled liposomes in patients with cancer.
The pharmacokinetics, organ distribution, and 24-hr urinary excretion of negatively charged 99mTc-labeled multilamellar liposomes, composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol in a 7:3 molar ratio, were studied in seven patients with cancer. The radiolabeled liposomes were administered i.v. in three doses: 150 mg/sq m of body surface area; 300 mg/sq m; and 450 mg/sq m of lipid. The dose of 99mTc was 4.8 to 7.6 mCi per patient. The plasma disappearance curve was biphasic (half-life alpha = 5.53 min, half-life beta = 289 min), suggesting a two-compartmental model of distribution. The calculated volume of distribution indicated considerable tissue retention of liposomes. This was confirmed by body imaging. Twenty-four hr after injection, liposomes were localized in organs rich in reticuloendothelial cells, i.e., liver [44.5 +/- 9.1% (S.E.)], spleen [25.5 +/- 7.7%], lung [14.5 +/- 4.9%], and bone marrow. Although the hepatic uptake accounted for more than 40% of the total uptake, the spleen retained liposomes at a higher density. Cumulative urinary excretion of radioactivity was 13.4 +/- 1.5% over 24 hr. Liposome administration was safe and devoid of any adverse side effects. The results provide a basis for the use of liposomes as potential target-specific and safe drug carriers in the treatment of pathological conditions that involve organs rich in reticuloendothelial cells.
Adult↗
Rep. Frank Thompson (D-NJ).
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Government↗
Adaptive mechanisms of saccadic system in diagnostic use.
The possibilities of diagnostic use of saccades are given in pathological eye movements as well as in adaptive mechanisms. They are used to offset the degradation of oculomotor performance resulting from interference along the chain of neural conducting, in neuromuscular transmission and in muscle function. Pharmacological effects can be used to increase the influence of disorders or to detect adaptive mechanisms. During the pharmacological therapy with carbamazepine or diphenylhydantoin, adaptive processes can be measured.
Adaptation, Physiological↗