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Biomedical subjects

M Jamal

Publications and source records attributed to M Jamal.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effect of varicocelectomy on the abnormal retention of residual cytoplasm by human spermatozoa.

Abnormal retention of cytoplasmic residues by human spermatozoa is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in semen and defective sperm function. We have examined the effect of varicocelectomy on the retention of residual cytoplasm by human spermatozoa. Clinical reports of 43 men who underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy at our institution during a 1 year period beginning July 1996 were reviewed. Standard semen parameters (concentration, motility and morphology) and residual cytoplasm retention (monitored by Papanicolaou stain) were assessed before and 6 months after varicocelectomy. The percentage of spermatozoa with residual cytoplasm decreased significantly following varicocelectomy compared to pre-operatively (25.8 versus 18.1% respectively). The percentages of motile spermatozoa and normal forms increased significantly (P = 0.0003, P = 0.005 respectively) following varicocelectomy (22.6 versus 32.9% and 46.4 versus 54.4% respectively). Our data suggest that varicocelectomy can improve the disposal of residual sperm cytoplasm by the testis and/or epididymis in infertile men with varicocele. These data also suggest that varicocelectomy reduces the potential for ROS generation by human spermatozoa in these men.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Brucellosis in children in south Jordan.

Retrospectively we evaluated the records of 68 children with brucellosis. We found 58.2% had consumed unpasteurized milk and dairy products. Nonspecific manifestations included: arthralgia (78%), fever (75%) and sweating (60%). Localized manifestations included limping (75%) and arthritis (54%). Leukopenia was found in 51% of children and anaemia in 24%. Brucella species was cultured for blood of 16 (23.5%) patients. Combination therapy containing streptomycin was more effective than gentamicin combinations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Respiratory correlates of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in heart failure.

1. Sympathetic activation in congestive heart failure indicates a poor prognosis. Haemodynamic correlates of increased sympathetic nerve traffic to muscle (MSNA) and to the heart have been well characterized, but these account for only 50 to 60% of the variance in sympathetic activity between patients.2. In healthy subjects, breathing pattern modulates MSNA and positive airway pressure consistently increases MSNA. However, in patients with heart failure, the influence of spontaneous breathing pattern and of short-term application of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on MSNA have not been described.3. Spontaneous breathing frequency, tidal volume, end-expiratory lung volume, PCO2 and MSNA were recorded, along with blood pressure, heart rate and stroke volume in 14 men with congestive heart failure of idiopathic or ischaemic origin (left ventricular ejection fraction <35%). Measurements were made during baseline rest, followed by 45 min of either nasal continuous positive airway pressure applied at 10 cmH2O (n=9), or spontaneous breathing, in the absence of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (time control; n=6).4. At baseline, there was a significant positive correlation between MSNA burst frequency and breathing frequency (r=0.758, P=0.001), and an inverse correlation between MSNA burst incidence and tidal volume (r=-0.705, P=0.005). These relationships were independent of left ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume or cardiac output.5.Nasal continuous positive airway pressure increased end-expiratory lung volume, but had no effect on breathing frequency, tidal volume or MSNA.6. In patients with congestive heart failure, there is a significant independent and previously unrecognized correlation between spontaneous breathing pattern and MSNA; patients with rapid shallow breathing exhibit the highest degree of sympathetic activation. In distinct contrast to healthy subjects, the short-term application of nasal continuous positive airway pressure at 10 cmH2O does not increase MSNA in congestive heart failure.

Heart Failure↗
PubMed1995

Antibiotic activity of marine algae against multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria.

The antibiotic activity of six species of marine algae (Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta) against multi-antibiotic resistant (MAR) bacteria was investigated. The study shows that various degrees of activity were present in 18 out of the 24 algal extracts. The highest activity was for Rhodophyta (diameter of the inhibited zone ranged from 10-22 mm), whilst the lowest was for Chlorophyta (8-12 mm). The taxonomic trends were seen between extracts, as the best solvents were found to be ether, methanol and acetone for Rhodophyta, Phaeophyta and Chlorophyta, respectively. The importance of these results on public health are discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1994

Minimal residual disease in bone marrow transplant recipients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Bone marrow samples of 70 transplant recipients with CML were studied by Southern blot analysis and RT-PCR using a two-step procedure with nested primers. Twenty-two patients were studied once and 48 were assessed on multiple occasions. All patients remained in a hematological remission during the study. The time of follow-up after the transplant ranged from 2 to 144 months with a median of 42 months. Thirty-nine patients (56%) were negative by RT-PCR and Southern blot studies at the time of their last evaluation. The proportion of RT-PCR negative patients increased with the duration of follow-up after the transplant; 36% of patients were RT-PCR negative after 1 year compared with 60% after 2 years and 78% after > or = 5 years. Patients maintained on immunosuppression had a higher probability of remaining RT-PCR positive. Age, sex, time from diagnosis to BMT, as well as acute and chronic GVHD did not influence the RT-PCR status. The majority of patients studied on multiple occasions demonstrated a stable RT-PCR and Southern blot pattern. Some showed uni- or multi-directional transitions. However, none of the patients studied progressed to a hematological relapse. RT-PCR studies on colonies grown from RT-PCR positive. Southern blot negative patients confirmed that some of the clonogenic progenitors are able to produce BCR/ABL transcripts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Clinical profile of acute rheumatic fever in children.

A prospective study was done to determine the clinical profile of acute rheumatic fever in the first attacks and in recurrences separately. The data were compared with those from other countries. Eighty children were in their first attack while 46 had recurrences. Arthritis, the most common manifestations, was seen in 61 per cent of patients with first attack followed by carditis in 41 per cent, chorea in 28 per cent and subcutaneous nodules in 3 per cent. However, in the recurrences, arthritis was present in 52 per cent, carditis in 81 per cent, chorea in 11 per cent, and nodules in 4 per cent of cases. In both the groups, no case with erythema marginatum was seen. The results show that in the first attack the clinical picture broadly resembles that in European and North American countries. The presenting symptoms and signs are different during recurrence.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Pneumomediastinum due to venturi system during microlaryngoscopy.

This is a case report of pneumomediastinum and surgical emphysema following the use of venturi jet ventilation during microlaryngoscopy. The patient recovered spontaneously and no active measures were taken. A review of the literature was made for the complications of the venturi jet system during this procedure and precautions for avoiding these complications were stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Type A behavior and job performance: some suggestive findings.

This study examined Type A and Type B differences in job performance, psychosomatic complaints, and career progression among white-collar employees (N = 218) in a field setting. Significant differences were found between Type A's and Type B's in quality of performance, effort exerted at the job, and psychosomatic complaints. Employees' cultural background and sex moderated some of the relationships observed in the study. Implications of the findings for future research on the topic are discussed.

Achievement↗
PubMed1984

Job stress and job performance controversy: an empirical assessment.

This study examined the relationship between job stress and employees' performance and withdrawal behavior among nurses (N = 440) in two hospitals in a metropolitan Canadian city on the east coast. Job stressors assessed included role ambiguity, role overload, role conflict, and resource inadequacy. Employees' performance was operationalized in terms of job performance, motivation, and patient care skill. Withdrawal behaviors assessed were absenteeism, tardiness, and anticipated turnover. Multiple regressions, curvilinear correlation coefficients, and canonical correlations were computed to test the nature of the relationship between stressors and the criterion variables of the study. In general, data were more supportive of the negative linear relationship between stress and performance than for positive linear or curvilinear relationship. However, the stressor role ambiguity did exhibit a monotonic nonlinear relationship with a number of criterion variables. Employees' professional and organizational commitment were proposed to moderate the stress-performance relationship. However, the data only partially supported the role of the moderators.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Job stress and burnout among Canadian managers and nurses: an empirical examination.

This study examined the relationship of job stress with burnout and its three dimensions (emotional exhaustion, lack of accomplishment and depersonalization), job satisfaction, organizational commitment and psychosomatic health problems. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire from Canadian managers (N = 67) and nurses (N = 173). Pearson correlation and moderated multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Job stress was significantly correlated with overall burnout and its three dimensions and job satisfaction in both samples. In the nursing sample, job stress was also significantly correlated with psychosomatic health problems and organizational commitment. Moderated multiple regression only marginally supported the role of gender as a moderator of stress-burnout relationship.

Burnout, Professional↗