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Biomedical subjects

M Jamshidi

Publications and source records attributed to M Jamshidi.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Clinical measurement of muscle tone using a velocity-corrected modified Ashworth scale.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a new form of the modified Ashworth scale (MAS) for muscle-tone assessment that combines the MAS score with the passive muscle-stretching velocity during the assessment of muscle tone, resulting in a measure that has higher intertester reliability than the MAS. DESIGN: Twenty-two volunteer subjects with spinal cord injuries at a tertiary care outpatient and inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation center affiliated with a university were recruited for this study. RESULTS: A decision tree in which V-MAS scores were obtained was developed. The data obtained from three independent raters, when adjusted by means of the V-MAS, showed an excellent interrater reliability. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicated that the V-MAS is a more reliable measure. In addition, the resulting units of the V-MAS, ranging from 0 to 1, are of the same form as pendulum test data. The V-MAS method is quite simple to use because the rater need only measure the angular range and duration of the passive movement to calculate average velocity during the MAS assessment in addition to the normal MAS rating of muscle tone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Laparoscopic fenestration and modified marsupialization of posttraumatic splenic cysts using a harmonic scalpel.

In recent years, the advanced laparoscopic experience has revolutionized surgery and fostered the expansion of the indications for minimally invasive surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of all intra-abdominal pathology. Total splenectomy, which traditionally was the procedure of choice in the treatment of symptomatic nonparasitic splenic cysts, recently has been changed to a more conservative approach by many authors [1, 5, 9]. The conservative methods preserve immunologic function of the spleen and prevent the potentially fatal postsplenectomy sepsis complications [9]. We successfully performed laparoscopic fenestration and modified marsupialization of these cysts using a harmonic scalpel on two patients with symptomatic splenic psuedocysts.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2000

Intrarater reliability of manual passive movement velocity in the clinical evaluation of knee extensor muscle tone.

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the relationship between therapist-applied velocity of passive movement during a manual muscle test of muscle tone and the level of muscle tone represented by the relaxation index of the pendulum test. DESIGN: Comparison of therapist-applied passive limb movement velocity during a manual muscle test with the same subject's level of muscle tone measured by the pendulum test. Three different therapists tested each subject. The relation between the velocity scores and pendulum test scores both intratherapist and intertherapist were assessed statistically by means of analysis of variance and correlation coefficients. SETTING: A university-affiliated tertiary care outpatient and inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation center. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two volunteer subjects with spinal cord injuries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Passive knee angular displacement data were collected during both manual knee muscle testing and pendulum tests by using an electrogoniometer. RESULTS: The therapists produced significantly different movement velocities during the manual muscle tests (p < .05). A significant correlation (p < .001) was found between pendulum test scores and passive velocities, indicating that in higher levels of muscle tone, the greater stretch reflex present provided greater resistance against the therapist force and subsequently decreased the velocity of the passive stretching. CONCLUSIONS: Measurement of average velocity during passive stretching by itself can be used to evaluate muscle tone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Ectopic thyroid nodular goiter presenting as a porta hepatis mass.

An ectopic thyroid goiter was found in a 58-year-old woman who presented with abdominal and low back pain, diarrhea, and generalized weakness. Initial workup, including abdominal CT scan, revealed a mass extending from the duodenum to the porta hepatis. After resection and upon pathologic examination of the tissue, nodular arrangement of thyroid follicles and colloid lakes with focal hyperplastic and nodular goiter changes were identified.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1997

Traumatic first rib fracture: is angiography necessary? A review of 730 cases.

The two most common sites of first rib fracture were at the subclavian sulcus and in the neck of the first rib, posteriorly. Five distinct mechanisms for rib fracture were identified and included: (i) posteriorly directed trauma to the upper thorax or shoulder girdle; (ii) a direct blow to the sternum and anterior chest wall; (iii) a blow fracturing the clavicle; (iv) a strong sudden contraction of the scalenus anticus muscle; and (v) radiographic findings of a first rib fracture without history of trauma. Isolated first rib fracture regardless of mechanism of injury, results in a low incidence of major vascular injury (mean 3%), although with fracture displacement, the incidence is higher. First rib fracture associated with concomitant head, thoracic, abdominal, or long bone trauma was associated with vascular injury in 24% of cases. According to this review, specific indications for subclavian artery and aortic arch arteriography in patients with traumatic first rib fracture include widened mediastinum on chest radiography, upper-extremity pulse deficit, posteriorly displaced first rib fracture, subclavian groove fracture anteriorly, brachial plexus injury and expanding hematoma.

Angiography↗
PubMed1996

Clinical measurement of spasticity using the pendulum test: comparison of electrogoniometric and videotape analyses.

OBJECTIVE: To compare pendulum test data obtained using an electrogoniometer with data obtained by videotape. The issue of video digitization error was also addressed. DESIGN: The study compared pendulum test relaxation indices determined from data simultaneously collected using (1) a video (VID) camera and (2) an electrogonimeter (EG). SETTING: A spinal cord injury rehabilitation center. SUBJECTS: Three persons with a spinal cord injury (SCI) exhibiting mild, moderate, and severe spasticity, respectively, and a fourth, non-SCI subject. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Relaxation index as a descriptor of lower limb muscle spasticity measured using the pendulum test. RESULTS: Multiple-digitization of VID data did not affect the reliability of this technique. It was noted that reflective markers located on body landmarks resulted in more reliable data as opposed to markers placed on the EG. Both EG and VID data were accurate and reliable. CONCLUSIONS: In the VID method, using one digitization by a single operator is sufficient. The appropriate placement of light reflector markers are on body points. EG and VID are both reliable, highly correlated, and interchangeable in measuring spasticity using the pendulum test.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determining flexor-tendon repair techniques via soft computing.

An SC-based multi-objective decision-making method for determining the optimal flexor-tendon repair technique from experimental and clinical survey data, and with variable circumstances, was presented. Results were compared with those from the Taguchi method. Using the Taguchi method results in the need to perform ad-hoc decisions when the outcomes for individual objectives are contradictory to a particular preference or circumstance, whereas the SC-based multi-objective technique provides a rigorous straightforward computational process in which changing preferences and importance of differing objectives are easily accommodated. Also, adding more objectives is straightforward and easily accomplished. The use of fuzzy-set representations of information categories provides insight into their performance throughout the range of their universe of discourse. The ability of the technique to provide a "best" medical decision given a particular physician, hospital, patient, situation, and other criteria was also demonstrated.

Cadaver↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy bile leak secondary to an accessory duct of Luschka.

Intraperitoneal bile collection following laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been reported to occur in 0.2-2% of cases and appears to be slightly higher than when the open technique is used. When the injuries of the common bile duct, technical problems with the cystic duct, diathermic injuries to the biliary tree, and iatrogenic interruption of congenital anomalous of the biliary tree are excluded, the iatrogenic transaction of the cholecystohepatic ducts commonly known as the 'Ducts of Luschka' should be considered as the cause of the biliary leak. This article reports a case of bile leakage due to an unrecognized division of a large duct of Luschka within the gall bladder fossa during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and reviews clinical diagnosis, radiological confirmation, and the appropriate treatment for this uncommon complication of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Adult↗