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Biomedical subjects

M Jeanmougin

Publications and source records attributed to M Jeanmougin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Diagnosis of photodermatitis].

Detailed questioning and careful analysis of a skin eruption usually lead to the diagnosis of photodermatitis on two major criteria: the eruption is clearly related to a period of exposure to sunlight, and it is localized to, or predominant on, uncovered regions. However, the differential diagnosis with contact eczema of the face or air borne dermatitis due to irritation or allergy is sometimes difficult. The skin lesions of photosensitization result from two physiopathological mechanisms: phototoxicity, a photo-chemical reaction, and photoallergy, an immunoallergic reaction to an antigen formed in the skin after light irradiation. In the evaluation of photodermatitis, photobiological exploration ranks first as it confirms the diagnosis, informs on the mechanism and identifies a possible photosensitizing agent. It is useful in the nosological classification of light eruptions and permits to adjust the treatment according to the responsible photons. Depending on the presumed nature of the photodermatitis studied, various phototests are performed, including Saidman's tests, photochallenge tests, photopatch tests and phototest after reintroduction of a drug.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[External photoprotection].

Sunscreens go beyond the field of cosmetology to enter that of preventive or curative medicine. The anti-sun product is a preparation in which "filters" selective for UVB and/or UVA are associated with mineral powders called "screens" that are either dissolved or dispersed in an excipient. Modern products also contain compounds protecting against free radicals, anti-inflammatory agents, biosynthetic melanin or topical psoralens. Sunscreen efficacy tests provide "protection factors" against UVA and/or UVB, and/or infrared radiations. Testing the resistance of these indices to time and to immersion or sudation is necessary to evaluate the substantiality and remanence of sunscreens. These parameters enable sunscreens to be classified into four families with increasing activities: weak, fair, high and major protection. Protecting healthy subjects against solar radiation requires "common sense" and the choice of a sunscreen based on its dermatological risk depending on the phototype, the circumstances of exposure to sun, the regions exposed and the chemical formula of the compound.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Phototoxic properties of perfumes containing bergamot oil on human skin: photoprotective effect of UVA and UVB sunscreens.

As part of an international cooperative study of the photophysical, photomutagenic and photocarcinogenic properties of bergamot oil and the effect of UVA and UVB sunscreens, the phototoxic properties of model perfumes containing 5, 15 and 50 ppm 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP) in bergamot oil with and without a sunscreen have been investigated on human skin. It has been confirmed that the photosensitivity of human skin is maximal 2 h after perfume application. Interestingly the addition of a UVA sunscreen is more efficient for decreasing the phototoxic properties of bergamot oil than is a UVB sunscreen. The addition of sunscreens in a model perfume containing 50 ppm 5-MOP in bergamot oil can reduce the phototoxic properties of this perfume to a toxicity equivalent to that produced by the application of a model perfume containing 15 ppm 5-MOP without sunscreens. However, despite their promising protective effect in vitro, UVB and UVA sunscreens at low concentration (0.5%-1%) in perfumes cannot suppress the phototoxicity of bergamot oil on human skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of solar urticaria: advantage of terfenadine].

Solar urticaria is a rare photodermatosis, but it is extremely incapacitating and therapy is usually ineffective. Three patients who took a daily dose of 240 mg terfenadine were able to be normally exposed to sunlight. This efficacy was confirmed by photobiological tests. The minimal dose necessary to induce urticaria was increased at least three times. These results confirming recently published ones. Terfenadine at 240 mg per day seems to be the treatment of choice for solar urticaria because of its efficacy and excellent tolerance-especially as there is no sedative effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Occupational eczema with photosensitivity caused by contact with Bryozoa].

Contact eczema to Bryozoa is a very invalidating fishermen's disease. Described in the North Sea ("Dogger Bank itch") and in the eastern Channel, it begins with the hands which have touched Bryozoa, these being microscopic "moss-like animals", unrelated to algae, which form coralliform, encrusting and filamentous colonies attached to the sea-floor. Sensitization results from handling nets (drag-nets and trammels) or, less frequently, fish trays. Bryozoa responsible for the disease are Alcyonidum hirsutum and, mostly, Alcyonidum gelatinosum. The case of occupational eczema presented here discloses two hitherto unrecognized allergens: another Bryozoa species, Electra pilosa, which proliferates in the early summer and forms encrusting colonies on various supports, and a sea-weed, Sargassum muticum, which up to now had not been held responsible for skin lesions. The summer outbreaks, from May to September, and the fact that the face and upper chest are involved are classically ascribed to the natural cycle of Bryozoa (colonies multiply in the warm season and regress in the winter) and to contact with uncovered parts of the body. The results of our photobiological exploration suggest that the distribution of the eczema might well be due to an additional photoallergic reaction.

Bryozoa↗