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Biomedical subjects

M Jeannet

Publications and source records attributed to M Jeannet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Progress in bone marrow transplantation in acute leukemia and aplastic anemia].

Experience with 17 allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) patients with refractory acute leukemia is reported. The authors show that it is extremely difficult to cure patients with end stage disease by this procedure. Based on experience that, if performed early, BMT can bring about over 50% potential cures, it is postulated that marrow grafts should be performed much earlier than is done at present. From the results in 45 patients with severe aplastic anemia it is concluded that the majority do not have a defect at the pluripotent stem cell itself. There is disturbed maturation to functional end cells which can be corrected in most instances by ALG, infusion of allogeneic marrow and low dose androgens. BMT between HLA-identical siblings need not cause major problems, but it involves a considerable risk of fatal complications such as irreversible marrow rejection and GvH.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Immunosuppression, bone marrow infusion and low dose androgens, successful therapy of severe aplastic anemia].

18 patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) but without an HLA-identical sibling were treated by antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) followed by infusion of marrow cells from a semi-compatible family donor. 13 of these received low dose androgens after ALG: 11 (85%) achieved stable remission without transfusion requirement. One patient relapsed after 4 months, one patient with only partial remission died from infection. None of the 4 patients who did not receive androgens after ALG achieved remission. ALG, marrow and low-dose androgens represent a promising therapy for SAA and can be favorably compared with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Blood transfusions, cytotoxic antibodies, and kidney graft survival. Preliminary results of a systematic transfusion protocol.

Since pretransplant blood transfusions have been shown to prolong the survival of kidney grafts, a new transfusion policy has been started in the frame of Swisstransplant. Before surgery all patients receive at least two and, if possible, five transfusions (whole blood or packed red blood cells). The present study includes 101 recipients of primary cadaver grafts. Of these, 41 were transfused regularly according to the new protocol, 46 had irregular transfusions because of therapeutic necessity, and 14 had no transfusion before grafting. The 1-year survival rate in pretransfused patients was over 70% as compared to 45% in the nontransfused group. There was no significant association with the number of transfusions, but a slight improvement in graft survival was seen in patients deliberately transfused when compared with those transfused because of severe anaemia. A delay of more than 3 months between the last transfusion and transplantation significantly decreased graft survival at 6 months (84 versus 58%; P less than 0.02). The occurrence of cytotoxic antibodies, both antiperipheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and anti-B cell antibodies, was investigated in relation to the number of transfusions received. Broad-spectrum anti-PBL antibodies (greater than 50% of random panel) were found in 5 of 74 patients transfused according to the protocol (7%) and in 15 of 93 patients transfused for severe anaemia (16% P, not significant). Of 71 recipients followed up for 6 months, 15 (21%) produced anti-PBL antibodies with limited specificity (less than 50%), and 4 (6%) produced broad-spectrum antibodies. Anti-B cell antibodies (less than 50%) were produced in 21 of 64 patients (33%). Six patients (9%) had broad-spectrum activity. The occurrence of these antibodies was not associated with the number of transfusions received and did not significantly influence the graft survival at 6 months. The change in transfusion policy seems to have improved graft survival without producing strong presensitization in a prohibitive proportion of the patients on hemodialysis.

Antilymphocyte Serum↗
PubMed1979

Increased frequency of HLA--DRw2 and DRw3 in multiple sclerosis.

Previous studies of multiple sclerosis patients showed the existence of a positive association between multiple sclerosis and HLA--A3 and --B7, as well as a negative association with B12. These observations have been confirmed. In addition, a more marked association has been observed with two recently identified B-cell antigens, DRw2 and DRw3, closely related to the HLA--D locus. The presence of cold lymphocytotoxic antibodies was found to bear no relationship with those two specificities. These results suggest that two genes of the HLA--DR region may play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1979

Evidence for an HLA-linked resistance gene in Buerger's disease.

The incidence of Thromboangiitis Obliterans in brothers and the high prevalence in some ethnic groups have led us to investigate the histocompatibility HLA-A, B and DR antigens of 46 Buerger's disease patients. The main result indicates a marked decreased freqeuncy of the B12 antigen: 2.2% vs 28% in controls. Our study suggests that Buerger's disease is, on the basis of HLA antigens, a distinct immunogenetic entity and not a particular form of arteriosclerosis. Moreover, this disorder may represent a clue to the existence of resistance genes linked to HLA.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A screening program for anti-DR typing reagents.

A total of 694 sera have been tested in a screening program aimed at identifying monospecific reagents for HLA--DR typing. All sera were first tested on a panel of enriched B and T cells without absorption on platelets. Only sera reacting more frequently on B than on T lymphocytes were absorbed on platelets and retested on the panel. This procedure saved a considerable amount of platelets and proved to be reasonably efficient. One-hundred-and-fifty sera were found to contain an anti-B cell antibody. Significantly less frequent B cell reactivity was found when HLA--A, --B, --C antibodies could not be detected. Twenty-five sera were demonstrated to be specific for well-defined DR antigens.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1979

Amydopyrine pancytopenia: detection of leucocytotoxic antibodies by a 51Cr-release test.

Amydopyrine is known to cause agranulocytosis by an immunological mechanism [2]. However, pancytopenia due to amydopyrine is extremely rare and usually mild and transient [3]. This report describes a patient with severe pancytopenia presumably due to amydopyrine sensitivity. Granulocytotoxic and lymphocytotoxic antibodies were detected in the patient's serum using a 51Cr-release test.

Aminopyrine↗
PubMed1978

HLA and glioma.

HLA typing of 80 glioma patients was determined and the antigen frequencies were compared with 176 normal controls. Increased phenotypic frequencies of Bw35 and DRw1 were observed, but when P values were corrected by the number of antigens tested (35), the results were no longer significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Humoral and cellular immunity against allogeneic antigens in patients with acute leukaemia.

The humoral and cellular immunity of 12 patients with acute leukaemia (6 AML and 6 ALL) was investigated using several techniques. The study of the humoral response included the screening for allogeneic and autologous lymphocytotoxins, for cytotoxic antibodies against leukaemic blasts, Daudi cells and B lymphocytes and the detection of immune complexes. The cellular immunity was investigated by stimulation of remission lymphocytes by autologous blast cells or allogeneic lymphocytes in mixed cell cultures. Most patients have retained their humoral and cellular immune responsiveness against allogeneic antigens while there seems to be no significant response against leukaemia-associated antigens.

Acute Disease↗