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Biomedical subjects

M Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to M Jiang.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Aorto-profunda femoris bypass grafting in the treatment of aorto-ilio-femoral atherosclerotic occlusive disease].

Fourteen patients with aorto-ilio-femoral or ilio-femoral atherosclerotic occlusive disease were treated with aorto-profunda femoris bypass grafting. Excellent results were confirmed after a mean follow-up period of 15 months. Ankle-brachial index raised from 0.1 +/- 0.12 before operation to 0.64 +/- 0.26 months after operation. The authors considered that the profunda femoral artery plays an important role in aorto-femoral arterial reconstruction. It is a good outflow providing arterial blood to severely ischemic legs with occlusion of aorto-ilio-superficial femoral or ilio-superficial femoral arteries.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[The course of malaria control and present status in Zhejiang Province].

Through forty years' sustained efforts in the prevention and treatment of malaria in Zhejiang Province, the malaria incidence dropped from 76.650/000 in the Fifties to 0.910/000 in the Eighties. Three malaria epidemics emerged in 1954, 1962 and 1973, respectively, among them the epidemic in 1962 was the most serious one with 0.88 million cases reported and an incidence of 3300/000. The annual incidence of the overall counties/cities was below 10/000 after 1988. Only 172 malaria cases were found in 1992, the incidence being 0.040/000. No indigenous malaria case was found in 38 counties in 1992, accounting to 43.7% of the total malaria endemic counties. The number of imported malara cases was 3,829, amounting to 89.2% of the total number of cases. Through the spot-check of the Ministry of Public Health in 1993, it was confirmed that the criteria of basic elimination of malaria in the province was attained.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Antikeratin antibodies: another specific antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients].

Sera from 107 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 120 patients with other rheumatic diseases and 60 blood donors were tested with indrect immunofluorescence on the middle third of Wistar rat oesophagus as a substrate for the presence of antikeratin antibodies (AKA). By labelling the stratum corneum and stratum spinosum with IgG antibodies, three patterns of reaction were distinguished. Among them, only one pattern which showed an intense linear laminated fluorescence on stratum corneum and a weak fluorensence on stratum spinosum was valuable for the diagnosis of RA, with a specificity of 99% and a sensitivity of 23%. It was also found that they were not related to the presence of rheumatoid factor or anti-RA 33,000/36,000 antibodies. Thus, AKA might be another marker antibody in RA.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Minocycline potentiates the antimetastatic effect of boanmycin].

Boanmycin (bleomycin A6, BAM) was found to markedly inhibit the spontaneous pulmonary metastasis of Lewis carcinoma in mice. Compared at equitoxic doses (1/9 LD50), BAM was more effective than mitomycin. Minocycline (MNO) at 5 mg.kg-1 showed no inhibition on the growth of sc transplanted Lewis primary tumor; however, it markedly potentiated the antimetastatic effect of BAM. Treated with BAM (5 mg.kg-1) alone, the number of total metastatic foci and that of large foci (> 2 mm in diameter) in the lung were suppressed by 67% and 85%, respectively. When BAM was used in combination with MNO, the number of those foci was further reduced by 88% and 100%, respectively. By NAG enzyme assay, MNO was not cytotoxic and showed no synergism with BAM against PG cells, a cell line derived from a highly metastatic human giant cell carcinoma of the lung. Determined by ELISA with a monoclonal antibody, the expression of type IV collagenase in PG cells was remarkably inhibited by MNO. The intracellular free Ca2+ level in PG cells was reduced from 76.7 nmol.L-1 to 42.2 nmol.L-1 by MNO treatment. The study suggests that the combination of boanmycin and minocycline may be useful for control of tumor metastasis and the inhibition of type IV collagenase expression may be involved in the mechanism of minocycline potentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Molecular cloning of cellulase gene from the bacillus].

The CMCase gene from the Bacillus sp. strain E2 was cloned into E. coli DH5 alpha F' using plasmid pBR322 as a vector. Recombinant plasmid pBG3 was isolated from transformants producing CMCase, and the cloned CMCase gene was found to be in a 4.0kb HindIII fragment. The CMCase gene was subcloned in a functional state on a 2.4kb DNA fragment. The optimum pH and temperature for activity of CMCase encoded by pBG3 were pH 6.5 and 55 degrees C respectively. The CMCase could not hydrolyze any natural cellulose examined. Eighty-three percent of the CMCase was detected in the inner cellular fraction, 9% and 8% were in the periplasmic space and medium respectively. Result of Southern hybridization indicates that the cloned DNA fragment was derived from Bacillus sp. strain E2 chromosomal DNA.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1994

A human opsin-related gene that encodes a retinaldehyde-binding protein.

The ligand-binding property of a cytoplasmic membrane-bound protein from bovine retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has been demonstrated. The putative RPE-retinal G protein coupled receptor (RGR) covalently binds both all-trans- and 11-cis-retinal after reduction by sodium borohydride. The 32-kDa receptor binds all-trans-retinal preferentially, rather than the 11-cis isomer. The amino acid sequence of the opsin-related protein in humans is 86% identical to that of bovine RGR, and a lysine residue, analogous to the retinaldehyde attachment site of rhodopsin, is conserved in the seventh transmembrane domain of RGR in both species. The human gene that encodes the novel retinaldehyde receptor spans 14.8 kb and is split into seven exons. The structure of the gene is distinct from that of the visual pigment genes. These findings support the notion that the rgr gene represents the earliest independent branch of the vertebrate opsin gene family. A second form of human RGR in retina is predicted by alternative splicing of its precursor mRNA. This RGR variant results from the alternative use of an internal acceptor splice site in the second intron of the human gene, and it contains an insertion of four amino acids in the connecting loop between the second and thrid transmembrane domains. Since RGR binds all-trans-retinal preferentially, one of its functions may be to catalyze isomerization of the chromophore by a retinochrome-like mechanism.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Preoptic projections to Barrington's nucleus and the pericoerulear region: architecture and terminal organization.

The medial preoptic area (MPO), a sexually dimorphic region, plays a pivotal role in neuroendocrine function and reproductive behavior. We recently reported that MPO projects heavily to the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG). We also noted that MPO projects to the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum. Here we identified the cells of origin of the MPO-->tegmental projection and delineated the terminal organization of MPO projections to Barrington's nucleus, locus coeruleus (LC), and the rostromedial pericoerulear region (pLCrm). Correlative cyto- and chemoarchitectonic studies were done to define better the nuclear groups of the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum. Retrograde tracing revealed that MPO neurons projecting to the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum are preferentially distributed in distinct subregions of MPO, including the sexually dimorphic medial preoptic nucleus (MPN). Anterograde tracing with wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase or Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin demonstrated considerable target specificity in projections from MPO to the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum. Barrington's nucleus receives a dense focal input along its entire rostrocaudal axis. In addition, pLCrm is heavily targeted by MPO inputs; pLCrm contains a concentrated plexus of extranuclear dendrites of LC neurons. The lateral dorsal tegmental (LDT) nucleus and LC proper receive only sparse input from MPO. MPO projections to Barrington's nucleus could regulate micturition reflexes during reproductive behavior. The MPO-->pLCrm projection could influence noradrenergic LC neurons in relation to reproductive and/or gonadal steroid function. Given the strong established connections from olfactory structures to MPO, it is possible that the MPO-->LC pathway provides an anatomical substrate for olfactory modulation of arousal.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cytoplasmic retinal localization of an evolutionary homolog of the visual pigments.

A rhodopsin-related protein is preferentially expressed at high levels in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and in Müller cells. The putative RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor (RGR) was localized in light-adapted bovine retina by means of electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. In the RPE, the protein was localized to a widespread intracellular compartment. Except for the region adjacent to the basal surface, the RPE cytoplasm was labeled throughout the cell including the apical surface. In Müller cells also RGR was found in the intracellular compartment, especially in the cytoplasm in the region of the Müller cell endfeet and proximal cell processes. Subcellular fractionation studies of bovine RPE and neural retina indicated that RGR is a membrane-bound protein. The intracellular localization of RGR is a unique variation in the subcellular distribution of seven-transmembrane-domain receptors and suggests an unconventional role for RGR in the signal transduction process.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Suppression by isoproterenol of endothelial cell morphology and barrier function changes induced by platelet-activating factor.

Using a model to study vascular permeability on hydrostatically perfused bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cell (EC) monolayers and software to analyze cell morphological parameters automatically in a computer image workstation, we studied the effects of isoproterenol (IPN) on platelet-activating factor (PAF)-induced changes in EC monolayer permeability and cell morphological parameters. Albumin has fortifying effects on endothelial barrier function. As albumin concentration in the perfusate increased (0, 1, 5, 10, 20 mg/ml), EC monolayer hydraulic conductivity (Lp) decreased gradually while Lp of the filter membranes did not change. After treatment of the EC monolayer with PAF 10(-8) mol/liter for 30 min, transmonolayer fluid flow, protein clearance rate, and Lp value increased noticeably. At the same time, cell area decreased and intercellular distance and percentage of intercellular space area in total cell monolayer increased. Pretreatment with 10(-4) mol/liter IPN blocked PAF-induced EC permeability and morphological changes, suggesting that EC contraction and intercellular gap formation are important mechanisms for PAF-induced high vascular permeability. IPN inhibits the effects of PAF via stabilization of EC morphology, protection of intercellular junction, and blockade of intercellular gap formation.

Albumins↗
PubMed1994

Role of Pr160gag-pol in mediating the selective incorporation of tRNA(Lys) into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 particles.

COS-7 cells transfected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA produce virus in which three tRNA species are most abundant in the viral tRNA population. These tRNAs have been identified through RNA sequencing techniques as tRNA(3Lys) the primer tRNA in HIV-1, and members of the tRNA(1,2Lys) isoacceptor family. These RNAs represent 60% of the low-molecular-weight RNA isolated from virus particles, while they represent only 6% of the low-molecular-weight RNA isolated from the COS cell cytoplasm. Thus, tRNA(Lys) is selectively incorporated into HIV-1 particles. We have measured the ratio of tRNA(3Lys) molecules to copies of genomic RNA in viral RNA samples and have calculated that HIV-1 contains approximately eight molecules of tRNA(3Lys) per two copies of genomic RNA. We have also obtained evidence that the Pr160gag-pol precursor is involved in primer tRNA(3Lys) incorporation into virus. First, selective tRNA(Lys) incorporation and wild-type amounts of tRNA(3Lys) were maintained in a protease-negative virus unable to process Pr55gag and Pr160gag-pol precursors, indicating that precursor processing was not required for primer tRNA incorporation. Second, viral particles containing only unprocessed Pr55gag protein did not selectively incorporate tRNA(Lys), while virions containing both unprocessed Pr55gag and Pr160gag-pol proteins demonstrated select tRNA(3Lys) packaging. Third, studies with a proviral mutant containing a deletion of most of the reverse transcriptase sequences and approximately one-third of the integrase sequence in the Pr160gag-pol precursor resulted in the loss of selective tRNA incorporation and an eightfold decrease in the amount of tRNA(3Lys) per two copies of genomic RNA. We have also confirmed herein finding of a previous study which indicated that the primer binding site is not required for the selective incorporation of tRNA(Lys).

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Reverse transcriptase is an important factor for the primer tRNA selection in HIV-1.

During assembly, HIV-1 selectively packages tRNA(Lys3), the primer tRNA for reverse transcriptase (RT). Because of tRNA(Lys3)'s ability to interact with RT, RT may be the viral protein which binds to primer tRNA and carries it into the virus. We have tested this hypothesis by measuring the amount of tRNA(Lys3) incorporated into wild type and RT(-) virus, and have also measured the tRNA tightly associated with the RNA genome, a characteristic of primer tRNA. We find that in RT(-) HIV-1, primer tRNA(Lys3) is reduced approximately 10 fold compared to wild type virus (which contains 8 molecules tRNA(Lys3)/virus), and the tRNA found tightly associated with the RNA genome is also greatly reduced in these mutant virus.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1994

Antitumor activity of immunoconjugates composed of boanmycin and monoclonal antibody.

Boanmycin (bleomycin A6, BM), an antitumor antibiotic, was conjugated to monoclonal antibodies including R19, H111 and CCT2. The immunoconjugates exhibited selective cytotoxicity to related target cells including cecum cancer Hce-8693 cells, liver cancer BEL-7402 cells and leukemia CEM cells. They were highly effective against related human tumor xenografts in nude mice, and the inhibition rates by the conjugates were much higher than those by free BM. The inhibition rate by R19-BM conjugate against human cecum cancer xenografts reached 90%. BY immunoelectron microscopy, CCT2-BM conjugate showed specific binding and internalization in leukemia CEM cells. The results indicate that boanmycin-monoclonal antibody immunoconjugates are highly active both in vitro and in vivo.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[The lesion of somatosensory area II of cerebral cortex reducing the effects of electroacupuncture of "zusanli" on nucleus raphe magnus in rats].

This work was to study the influence of lesion of Sm II on effects of electroacupuncture (EA) upon nucleus raphe magnus (NRM). The experiments were performed on rats. The unit discharges of NRM neurons and their responses to noxious stimulation on tail tip were recorded extracellularly with glass microelectrode. The excitatory neurons of NRM were chosen and divided into two groups, one of them (n = 10) was control before lesion of bilateral Sm II and another (n = 17) after lesion, two neurons of this group were also observed before lesion. It was found that the neurons in the control group before lesion of sm II could be activated by EA of "Zusanli", the increase of spontaneous diacharges in 0-10 minutes and the 20th minute, and the decrease of their nociceptive responses in 0-25 minutes were statistically significant (P < 0.05-0.001). But in the group after lesion the neurons were not obviously activated by EA of "Zusanli". The difference of the spontaneous discharges between the two group was statistically significant in 0-10 minutes (P < 0.05-0.001), the nociceptive responses in 0-10 minutes and at the 20th minute (P < 0.05-0.001). The results show that integrity of Sm II is important to acupuncture analgesia, and further suggest that information from EA of "Zusanli" could arrive at Sm II at least partially, and then activate NRM inducing analgesia.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1994

[Evaluation of anti-rheumatoid arthritis 36 kD and anti-33 kD antibodies in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis].

By using soluble nuclear extracts from Ehrlich mice ascite cells, immunoblot analysis showed reactivity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) serum with a 36 kD band. It was found that 28 of 88 patients with RA had anti-RA 36 kD antibody (31.8%), but there was no reactivity in the serum samples from 100 patients with other connective tissue diseases and 40 normal controls. However, the nuclear antigen mentioned above could react with either anti-RA 33 kD antibody or anti-RNP antibody in the 33 kD band. Thus, anti-RA 33 kD antibody was not a specific antibody for RA. Anti-RA 36 kD antibody appeared to be a marker antibody in RA. If anti-RA 36 kD and anti-33 kD antibodies appeared in a serum sample simultaneously, it might be more valuable for the diagnosis of RA.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1994

[Determination of hexamethylene bisacetamide in plasma by high performance liquid chromatography].

A high performance liquid chromatographic assay was developed for determination of the plasma concentration of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) in rabbit. Plasma samples were vortex-mixed with 0.3 ml of methanol and centrifuged at 10000 r/min for 5 min. A 20 microliters aliquot of the supernatant was injected into the HPLC system. Analysis was performed on a Du Pont Zorbax C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 10 microns) with a precolumn (50 mm x 4.6 mm, 10 microns, YWG-C18). The eluent was methanol--water (30:70), with flow rate of 1.0 ml.min-1 and UV detection at 210 nm. The limit of detection was 1.0 microgram.ml-1 in plasma and the calibration curve was linear over the range 5-1000 micrograms.ml-1 (r = 0.9988). The HPLC assay was applied for studying the pharmacokinetics of HMBA in rabbit.

Acetamides↗
PubMed1994

An indirect comparison of third-body wear in retrieved hydroxyapatite-coated, porous, and cemented femoral components.

The osteoconductive properties of hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated titanium implants are well documented, but eventual coating degradation may result in HA particles adjacent to the substrate, and if the particles were to migrate into the joint space then accelerated polyethylene wear might be expected. As an indirect indication of third-body wear, the authors used laser interference microscopy to measure and compare surface roughness on modular heads from 15 clinically retrieved HA-coated femoral components, with heads from 15 retrieved uncemented (porous) and 15 cemented implants. The results showed increased median surface roughness over initial manufacturer specifications in all groups, but the cobalt-chrome heads from the HA-coated group showed significantly less surface roughness and less deep scratches than the heads from either the porous or uncemented group. Three-body wear appears to be a common problem, but evidence available suggests that it is no more of a problem with HA-coated devices than porous or cemented.

Cementation↗