Biomedical subjects

M Juba

Publications and source records attributed to M Juba.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1994

A comparison of combat's effects on PTSD scores in veterans with high and low moral development.

This study was designed to explore the effects of moral development on the relationship between combat intensity and severity of posttraumatic stress disorder. The effect of combat intensity on PTSD Interview total scores and several individual stress disorder symptom ratings was substantial in a Low Moral Development sample, but negligible in a High Moral Development group. These data suggest that moral development may blunt the effect of combat severity on PTSD. These effects were strongest on items that describe reexperiencing of the trauma and exaggerated arousal. Possible interpretations of the results and several caveats were discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Two studies of reported pretraumatic stressors' effect on posttraumatic stress disorder severity.

We contrasted in two studies the effects of military trauma on Vietnam veterans who reported high and low premilitary stress. In the first, we administered the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Interview (PTSD-I), a premilitary modification of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale, and the Military Stress Scale to hospitalized veterans. Premilitary stress appeared to reduce the impact of combat on several trauma-reexperiencing ratings, although the relevant evidence was inconsistent. In the second study, the premilitary stress main effects and the premilitary stress/combat interactions on four PTSD-I factors were nonsignificant. Thus, the severities of most PTSD symptoms increased with trauma intensity, but not with milder premilitary stress. The inconsistent data on the impact of pretraumatic stress on the trauma severity/PTSD relationships suggest further study.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

A factor analysis of the DSM-III post-traumatic stress disorder criteria.

The authors factor analyzed DSM-III-based post-traumatic stress disorder symptom ratings made on 131 Vietnam-veteran PTSD patients. Five factors--termed Intrusive Thoughts and Their Effects, Increased Arousal, Impoverished Relationships, Guilt, and Cognitive Interference--emerged. The factor structure gave more support to Laufer, Brett and Gallops' conceptualization of PTSD than to the Horowitz, DSM-III, or DSM-III-R systems. It also generated suggestions for future editions of the diagnostic manual.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

What does the Keane et al. PTSD scale for the MMPI measure?

The correlations of the Keane, Malloy, and Fairbank (1984) MMPI PTSD scale with DSM-III-based post-traumatic stress disorder symptom, section, and factor score ratings, and with combat history, were studied to determine what aspects of the disturbance it measures (N = 61). The scale's correlations with the various symptom criteria were both substantial and strikingly consistent. However, its relationships with trauma history measures were modest and frequently nonsignificant. The data suggest that the scale is a moderately strong measure of the various PTSD symptoms, but is related only weakly to trauma history.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

The relationships of post-traumatic stress disorder to adolescent illegal activities, drinking, and employment.

The authors compared the self-reported incidences of adolescent legal problems, drinking, employment, and church attendance in psychiatric patients (N = 116) with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and normals (N = 28). The differences did not exceed chance expectations. The data raise doubts about the validity of the theory that PTSD is at least partially a result of pre-traumatic personality maladjustment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Differences between posttraumatic stress disorder patients with delayed and undelayed onsets.

In an effort to determine whether they differ from one another in important ways, the authors compared posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) victims who reported delayed onsets with those who claimed undelayed onsets of PTSD symptom self-ratings, MMPI clinical and validity scale scores, stress histories, and repression measures. The number and the sizes of the differences did not exceed chance expectations and did not support the establishment of separate delayed- and undelayed-onset PTSD categories in the diagnostic manual, nor did they support the hypotheses that the delay, when it appears, is attributable to the magnitude of the trauma, the severity of the symptoms, repression, or a limited stress history.

Adult↗