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Biomedical subjects

M K Bhan

Publications and source records attributed to M K Bhan.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Neonatal rotavirus infection and its relation to cord blood antibodies.

Among 274 neonates born at the maternity services of an urban hospital in India, 36.1% of the infants shed rotavirus in feces (as detected by ELISA) by 72 h of life. The excretion rate increased to 70.3% among the 120 infants who stayed for 5 days or more at the hospital. Diarrhoeal symptoms of mild and self-limited nature were observed only in 19.2% of the rotavirus excretors, the remaining being asymptomatic. Among the 98 infants who received supplement feeds, 49% acquired rotavirus infection as against 24.7% of the 150 exclusively breast fed infants (p less than 0.001). Viral RNA in the feces of all rota positive infants showed the same electropherotype, indicating infection from a common source. The mean percentage rotavirus inhibitory activity of cord sera in the infected and non-infected infants was 50.2 +/- 21.7 and 56.6 +/- 19.2 respectively (p greater than 0.05), suggesting that cord blood antibodies do not offer significant protection against neonatal rotavirus infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Dynamics and impact of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus in North India.

The magnitude and significance of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were assessed in infants of 8,575 women, of whom 3.7% were seropositive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). The e antigen of HBV (HBeAg) was found in 7.8% of these carriers, the antibody to HBeAg (anti-HBe) was found in 30.1% of them, and HBsAg alone was found in 62.1% of them. The estimated incidence of HBsAg positivity by 6 months of age in infants of carrier women was significantly (P less than .001) higher than in controls (18.6% vs 3.0%). Transmission was most frequent (87.5%) if the carrier mother was HBeAg positive and was much less so if she was positive for anti-HBe (17.5%) or for HBsAg alone (9.6%). Toward the end of infancy incidence of HBsAg positivity among offspring of carriers and among controls was not different. Most infants positive for HBsAg and HBeAg continued with the infection beyond 6 months of age. It is estimated that about one-third of the adult asymptomatic HBV carriers in India evolve directly from perinatal infection, while the majority become infected during childhood or early adulthood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Leucocyte migration inhibition in cow's milk protein intolerance.

The leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI) was determined in an assay after in vitro challenge with beta-lactoglobulin. The assay was considered positive when migration inhibition index was greater than 20% (mean +3 SD of healthy infants). Ninety-eight infants with protracted diarrhoea and failure to thrive, 16 healthy, 12 malnourished, and 16 infants suffering from acute gastroenteritis were studied. Of the 98 patients with protracted diarrhoea, 12 fulfilled Goldman's criteria for cow's milk protein intolerance, 63 had lactose malabsorption, and in 15 no associated causative factor was identified. The mean index of migration inhibition in the cow's milk allergic group (58.83 +/- 11.98) was higher than in healthy controls (8.25 +/- 3.91), the difference being statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The test was positive in all patients with cow's milk protein intolerance. The assay was also positive in four other patients suffering from protracted diarrhoea, two of whom had lactose malabsorption. All the infants with acute gastroenteritis and malnutrition had values within the normal range. The migration inhibition index in five patients with cow's milk intolerance had declined to 24.74 +/- 4.87 in assays performed 1-6 weeks after return of clinical tolerance to cow's milk (p less than 0.05) but the test was still within the positive range in three of the five infants. These results suggest that this cell mediated immune assay is a sensitive test for the diagnosis of cow's milk protein intolerance in infants. The specificity needs to be reassessed in the light of more objective criteria for the diagnosis of cow's milk protein intolerance.

Animals↗