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Biomedical subjects

M K Cordle

Publications and source records attributed to M K Cordle.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Prospects for the genetic manipulation of dairy cattle: opportunities beyond BST.

The dairy industry, with regulatory approvals of recombinant chymosin and bovine somatotropin (BST), has been at the forefront of food and agricultural biotechnology. The commercial fate of these products is one of several factors that may affect the success of future genetic manipulations in dairy cattle and dairy products. Other factors include technical and reproductive constraints in cattle and the cost of producing transgenic cattle. Early applications of genetic manipulation in cattle, for reasons of cost recoupment, may favor production of heterologous proteins in milk for pharmaceutical and medical use. Such applications could benefit genetic modification of milk and milk proteins for food use by providing advance knowledge and experience in mammalian protein expression. Other research opportunity areas that could affect prospects for genetic manipulation of dairy cattle include genome mapping, metabolic pathways, growth and development, and cattle/microbe interactions.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Sulfonamide residues in pork: past, present, and future.

The Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has been involved for a number of years with the problem of sulfonamide residues in pork. In the 1970s, concern was raised regarding the use of sulfonamides when food safety criteria used for premarketing approval of new animal drugs and the safety data base for sulfonamides were found to be inadequate. Regulatory analytical methods for monitoring sulfonamides were developed and put to use by FSIS. With educational efforts by government and industry, by 1980 it was thought that the problem was being solved. In the 1980s, however, the sulfonamide violation rate began to increase; the USDA strengthened its educational programs, developed a rapid test for sulfonamides and pursued regulatory initiatives. By 1987 sulfonamide violations in liver tissue (i.e., greater than .1 ppm) had declined to 3.8%; however, new toxicological information associating sulfamethazine with the development of follicular cell adenomas of the thyroid gland in rats and mice led the FSIS to begin an enhanced sulfamethazine control program in the spring of 1988. The FSIS believes that production quality assurance is the key to prevention. The Agency's initiatives toward this end are designed both to encourage industry accountability and to provide disincentives for violators. The current approaches to the sulfonamide problem hold the clear promise of a satisfactory solution.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

USDA regulation of residues in meat and poultry products.

The National Residue Program conducted by the Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the USDA includes a comprehensive testing program for residues of pesticides, drugs and other chemical contaminants in meat and poultry. Prevention strategies encourage producers to adopt quality control measures in their production management to prevent illegal residues in food. These activities have been effective in reducing the occurrence of violative residues and the potential for adverse health effects. Overall, the number of domestic monitoring samples containing violative residues is low-about 1% of samples tested. Violative residues are found less frequently in poultry than in livestock. More occur in swine than in other species; the least number occur in fed cattle and broilers. Testing results over the last 10 yr show that most drugs and pesticides used to enhance agricultural productivity are not causing a residue problem in meat and poultry. However, the FSIS cannot be complacent about its program achievements. Unacceptably high incidences of violative residues of certain drugs, namely, sulfonamides and antibiotics, still occur in particular production classes. For example, the incidence of violative sulfonamide residues in liver samples from swine slaughtered in 1985 was about 6%, with significant differences between geographical areas. An estimated 2.5% of market hogs had violative sulfamethazine residues in the muscle tissue. The FSIS is taking steps to correct this and other residue problems by strengthening the link between residue detection and enforcement and by expanding its analytical capability to monitor for residues.

Animals↗