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Biomedical subjects

M K Fagerhol

Publications and source records attributed to M K Fagerhol.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Alpha 1-antitrypsin phenotypes and obstructive lung disease in the city of Oslo.

In a community survey in Oslo, Norway, comprising 1268 persons, alpha 1-antitrypsin concentration in serum (AT) and protease-inhibitor (Pi) phenotypes were examined in 1258 subjects. Estimated percentage distribution of Pi-phenotypes in the target population aged 15--70 years was M 87.30%, MS 4.65%, MZ 4.73%, FM 2.69%, SZ 0.13%, IM 0.20%, FZ 0.07%, S 0.06%, FS 0.07% and Z 0.06%. The distribution curve of AT had a normal (Gaussian) shape and the ranges of AT demonstrated great overlap of types MS and MZ with type M. In subjects with phenotype MZ neither respiratory symptoms nor physicians' diagnoses of chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) were more frequent than in M subjects. Physicians' diagnoses of COLD were slightly more frequent (0.06 greater than P greater than 0.01) in subjects with phenotype MS than M, probably due to there being more smokers in the MS group. Spirometric variables given as per-cent of predicted values yielded large differences between smokers and non-smokers but no differences among phenotypes M, MS and MZ. Radiologic signs of hypertransradiancy and/or emphysema were evently distributed in M, MS and MZ subjects. The only subject observed with Pi-type Z and one out of three subjects with type SZ had COLD. In neither smokers nor non-smokers is phenotype MZ a risk factor of clinical importance for development of obstructive lung disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Alpha-1-antitrypsin (Pi)-types in recurrent miscarriages.

Chromosome analysis was carried out in a consecutive series of 57 couples with a history of recurrent miscarriage. All 114 subjects from these couples had normal karyotypes by conventional analysis. Pi typing was performed in 30 couples. The constellation of Pi heterozygosity in both partners occurred in two of the couples. The expected frequencies of the observed MS-MS and MS-MZ constellations occurring by chance would be 2.1 per 1,000 and 2.2 per 1,000 couples, respectively.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1978

Effect of estrogen treatment on coagulation and fibrinolysis in postmenopausal women. With special reference to cold activation of factor VII.

Estriol (E3) and estradiol (E2) was given to 81 women with perimenopausal complaints. Venous blood was sampled before and after 2 weeks' treatment. In plasma coagulation and fibrinolysis the most marked estrogen effects were seen within the extrinsic coagulation system, with increased Thrombotest and Normotest activities. The incidence of cold activation of factor VII showed a marked increase after treatment with 6 mg of E2 or 8 mg of E3. The cold activation of factor VII was correlated to an activation of the plasma kallikrein system, as revealed by the peptidase activity of plasma kallikrein. The treatment with E2 and E3 induced changes also in the plasma proteolytic capacity, and in some proteinase inhibitors (antithrombin III, Cl inactivator). Like the effects within the plasma coagulation and kallikrein systems, these effects were similar to those reported after treatment with ethinyl estradiol, mestranol, and diethylstilbestrol, and in pregnancy. The conclusion is drawn, therefore, that the coagulation and fibrinolytic effects of E2 and E3 are basically similar to those of other estrogens, the differences between the various estrogens being more of a quantitative than of a qualitative nature. For the changes described, no absolute dose dependency could be found. Thus, treatment with E2 and E3 should be submitted to the same precautions as treatment with other estrogens.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Pi (antitrypsin) typing methods. A comparison of acid starch-gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing.

The Pi typing methods acid starch-gel electrophoresis (ASGE) and isoelectric focusing (IEF) have been compared by three reference laboratories: 564 samples of phenotypes Pi M, MS and MZ were tested in each of the three laboratories with a 96% agreement on initial typing. The discrepancies are recorded and reasons for disagreement discussed. IEF is a reliable method for Pi typing and gives results comparable to those obtained by ASGE.

Electrophoresis, Starch Gel↗
PubMed1977

Immunoelectrophoretic quantitation of antithrombin III. Electroimmunodiffusion in agarose gels containing heparin.

Antithrombin III (AT-III), being an alpha2-globulin, will have an electrophoretic mobility in the presence of heparin like prealbumin in agarose gels. This phenomenon was utilized to quantitate AT-III from serum and plasma by electroimmunodiffusion (EID) for 90 min agarose gels containing 75 USP units of heparin/ml gel. The method permits a rapid quantitation of AT-III from serum, citrated plasma and EDTA plasma, and a positive correlation was observed between these values and those obtained by single radial immunodiffusion (SRI). This is in contrast to quantitation of AT-III by EID in gels containing no heparin where the values for plasma showed poor correlation with those obtained by SRI.

Antithrombins↗
PubMed1976

Heparin cofactor activity and antithrombin III concentration in plasma related to age and sex.

Heparin cofactor activity and antithrombin III (At-III) concentration were measured in plasma from 219 healthy men and 177 women. Narrow ranges for heparin cofactor activity and At-III concentration were found. The standard deviation for heparin cofactor activity in men and women was 8.6 and 10.1, respectively, for At-III concentration 10.4 and 12.5. In men, mean heparin cofactor activity and mean At-III concentration decreased significantly with increasing age. In women, mean heparin cofactor activity and mean At-III concentration tended to be lower in fertile age. Hereditary At-III deficiency was detected in one individual.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Improved estimate of the Gm-Pi linkage.

The Gm-Piota linkage group is firmly established. A heterogeneity of recombination fraction amongst males of different Piota types has now become very likely. The major differences seem to be between the Piota (z) and other alleles of the Pi system. A chromosomal deletion, inversion or a regulatory (rec) locus in linkage disequilibrium with the Piota locus offer possible explanations.

Alleles↗
PubMed1975

Studies on coagulation and fibrinolysis in blood from puerperal women with and without oestrogen treatment.

Coagulation and fibrinolytic studies were made on 25 women who had a normal puerperium and breast fed their babies and on 32 otherwise healthy women who had lactation suppressed by diethylstilboestrol. In the untreated patients the fibrinogen, Factors VIII and IX, platelet count, and antifibrinolytic activity increased, and the levels of Factors II, VII, and X and of plasminogen and plasminogen proactivator decreased. The incidence of cold activation of Factor VII decreased slowly from the 5th postpartum day onwards. The concentration of antithrombin III which was depressed in pregnancy, increased in the puerperium and was the only observed change that counteracted an increased coagulation potential. Oestrogen treatment produced further increases of Factors II, VII, and X, platelet count, and the cold activation of Factor VII while it decreased the concentration of antithrombin III. These changes favoured coagulation but were possibly to some degree counterbalanced by an increased concentration of plasminogen and decreased antifibrinolytic activity.

Antithrombins↗
PubMed1975

Studies on coagulation and fibrinolysis in pregnancy, with special reference to cold activation of factor VII.

Studies on coagulation and fibrinolysis were performed on 40 healthy women who underwent an uncomplicated pregnancy. From each subject, samples were taken 6-10 times during pregnancy, and all the changes were related to the subjects' own 6-week postpartum values. Increased concentration of coagulation factors II-VII-X was revealed by Normotest. The incidence of cold activation of factor VII increased from 14% in non-pregnant women in these series to 94% in pregnant women near term. A marked increase in the proteolytic capacity was probably an effect of increased plasminogen concentration and decreased antifibrinolytic activity. The latter did not, however, parallel the immunological determination of the antiplasmins. The concentrations of antithrombin III and CI inactivator of complement both decreased during pregnancy. It is concluded that the overall effect of these changes is probably in favour of coagulation.

Antithrombins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A strong antibody reacting with enzyme modified E positive red blood cells.

A high titer antibody was discovered in a healthy young man of blood group A1 R2r. The antibody strongly agglutinated all E positive red blood cells including his own, which had been modified by papain, ficin and bromelin, but only very weakly when modified by trypsin. The antibody was shown to be an IgM antibody. It did not react with unmodified red blood cells.

Adult↗