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Biomedical subjects

M K Khan

Publications and source records attributed to M K Khan.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Inpatient sociodemographic and diagnostic study from a psychiatric hospital in Libya.

Sociodemographic and diagnostic characteristics of 1009 patients admitted to the Psychiatry Hospital, Benghazi (Libya) in one calendar year are reported. Five hundred and four (50%) were 'first admission' cases. There were an average of 2.05 admissions for each 'readmission' case. Eighty nine percent of patients were of Libyan origin, of whom 62% were males; 66% were between 15-34 years of age, 37% were married, 28% were unemployed and 16% were in military service. ICD-9 schizophrenic psychosis was the commonest diagnosis (39%), followed by affective psychosis (17%), neurotic disorders (12%), organic psychosis (8%) and acute psychosis (7%). Neurotic depression was the commonest type of neurotic disorder and antisocial personality was the commonest among personality disorders. Relationship of sociodemographic variables with major diagnostic categories was studied in Libyan patients. Sociodemographic profiles of 'first admission' and 'readmission' cases of Libyan origin were also compared. These findings are discussed in relation to the sociocultural context.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

HLA-DR4 genotype frequency and gender effect in familial rheumatoid arthritis.

We have studied HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens in 75 unrelated white families, each with multiple cases of adult-onset definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (by ARA criteria). There was no difference in age of onset or serological features of RA between males and females. HLA-DR4 phenotype frequency among female (68%) and male (71%) patients also did not differ significantly. The observed frequencies of HLA-DR4 genotypes (homozygous, heterozygous, and those lacking it) differed significantly (p less than 0.005) between affected and unaffected individuals. However, the observed genotype distribution did not differ from what is expected given the Hardy-Weinburg equilibrium. There is a direct correlation between the number of DR4 allele(s) carried (two, one, or zero) and the percent affected (p less than 0.026 for females and p less than 0.052 for males). These findings highlight the importance of discerning the additional genetic determinants, including those that are gender-associated, which influence susceptibility to RA.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of genetic susceptibility to familial rheumatoid arthritis.

We have studied HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens in 37 unrelated Caucasian families with multiple cases of definite or classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). HLA-DR4 was observed in 26 of 36 probands tested (73 per cent); and six of the 10 DR4 negative probands possessed DR1. HLA haplotype sharing among affected siblings was more often observed than would be expected if RA and HLA haplotype were segregating independently (p = 0.041). In families with a DR4-heterozygous parent, the affected parent's HLA haplotype co-segregates significantly with RA among the offspring (p less than 0.005); and in families where both parents are unaffected, occurrence of RA among the offspring co-segregates significantly with DR4 haplotype (p = 0.004). Our data strongly indicate that at least one genetic determinant for susceptibility to RA resides in the HLA region, closely linked to the DR locus, or that the susceptibility determinant may be an epitope or structure that is commonly found on DR4 molecules but occasionally on other DR molecules.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

HLA studies in familial and sporadic rheumatoid arthritis.

Fifty-eight unrelated patients with familial (36) and non-familial (22) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been studied for HLA-A, B, C, and DR antigens. Among the 36 probands of families with multiple cases of RA (Group I) 73 per cent are DR4 positive, and 60 per cent of the DR4 negative probands possess DR1. The corresponding frequencies among the 22 patients with non-familial (sporadic) RA (Group II) are 59 per cent and 56 per cent, respectively, DR4 and/or DR1 are present in 89 per cent of patients in Group I and 82 per cent in Group II. Homozygosity for DR4 has been definitely established by family studies in six of the 26 DR4 positive patients (23 per cent) in Group I, and a further two patients are possible homozygous. Family studies have not been performed in sporadic RA patients but two of 13 DR4 positive patients in this group are possibly homozygous for DR4. HLA haplotypes A1, Cw7, B8, DR4; and A2, Cw3, B15, DR4 are shared by two or more unrelated probands of multicase families.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1985

A controlled pore glass bead assay for the measurement of cytoplasmic and nuclear glucocorticoid receptors.

An assay for the quantitation of cytoplasmic and nuclear glucocorticoid receptors in lymphoid tissue has been developed using controlled pore glass (CPG) beads. Soluble receptor--3H-steroid complex (cytosol or nuclear extract) is adsorbed quantitatively within the crevasses of porous glass beads. Excess labeled steroid as well as most non-specifically bound steroid is easily washed away, leaving the hormone-receptor complex retained by the beads. Bound 3H-steroid is eluted with ethanol and measured for radioactivity. This procedure which is simple, rapid, and highly reproducible is carried out using frozen samples (stable for many months) containing as few as 1 X 10(7) cells. A comparison of the CPG assay to dextran coated charcoal and a whole cell assay demonstrates that CPG and dextran coated charcoal give equivalent measurements of cytosolic receptor concentration, while the CPG and whole cell assays provide equivalent values for total receptor content.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1979

Experience with pion radiotherapy.

Forty-one patients with a total of 86 tumors were treated with negative pimesons (pions) at the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility (LAMPF) through December 31, 1977. An additional 30 tumors in the total patient population were treated with 100 kVp x-rays to assess comparative effects on skin nodules and 8 patients received additive photon or electron radiation to pion-treated portals. Of 52 evaluable tumors in 20 patients treated with pions only and followed for 3 to 22 months, 81% (42 tumors) completely regressed; 6% (3 tumors) partially regressed; and 13% (7 tumors) did not respond, although 5 of the 7 have shown no growth for 10 months. Of eight tumors in seven patients treated with a combination of pions and conventional radiation, three tumors showed complete response and five tumors showed partial response, though the resected specimens in two (one with complete and one with partial response) revealed no tumor microscopically. Reactions in normal tissues have been mild, with some patients exhibiting no normal tissue reaction, as compared with relatively marked tumor response.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation by immunofluorescence of arterial lesions in rabbits on two different lipid supplements and treated with pyridinol carbamate.

Rabbits maintained on a pellet diet supplemented with cholesterol, or on a semi-synthetic diet containing beef fat but no added cholesterol, have been studied in relation to their development of hyperlipidaemia and of lipid-filled arterial lesions. The influence of pyridinol carbamate on animals on both diets was also examined but found to produce no significant effect. Animals on both diets developed a hyperlipoproteinaemia. In cholesterol-fed animals this developed quickly, became gross, and was characterized by the presence of an anomalous lipoprotein of very low density, large molecular size and abnormally high cholesterol content. Beef fat fed animals showed a more moderate hyperlipidaemia which developed more slowly and the lipoproteins qualitatively resembled those in normal rabbits. Differences in the rate and severity of development of aortic lesions between the two different dietary supplements were found to reflect differences in the duration and intensity of hyperlipoproteinaemia between the groups. Arterial lesions in cholesterol-fed animals were more extensive and contained larger numbers of fat-filled cells than those in beef fat-fed animals. Comparisons were made (in many cases on the identical section) between lesions treated with a fluorescein labelled antiserum to total rabbit serum low density lipoproteins (TLDL) and with a conventional lipid stain. Precise agreement was found between the distribution of lipid reacting with Oil red 0 and specific fluorescence for TLDL in endothelial cells, in extracellular deposits in the intimal ground-substance and in medial smooth muscle cells. But fat-filled cells in the intima and in reticulo-endothelial tissue showed variable immunofluorescent reactivity. The reason for this discrepancy is discussed. Agreement between the distribution of conventional lipid staining and specific immunofluorescence for TLDL was also found in extracellularly distributed material in arterioles and smaller vessels at certain sites. It is suggested that these results establish that rabbit TLDL serve as the vehicles transporting lipid into the experimental lesions, just as the homologous human lipoproteins do in human atherosclerosis.

Animals↗