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Biomedical subjects

M K Mandal

Publications and source records attributed to M K Mandal.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Asymmetry in emotional face: its role in intensity of expression.

Normal subjects rated expressiveness of two posed facial emotions, happy and sad; the photographs were stratified in terms of intensity of expression and were prepared in composite (right-right, left-left), normal, and mirror-reversed facial orientations. The left side of the face was more expressive for intermediate intensity expressions of happiness and for least intense expressions of happiness and sadness. The right side of the face was more expressive for most intense expressions of happiness and sadness.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Exposed eye area (EEA) in the expression of various emotions.

Exposed eye area (EEA) was measured in photographs of Indian adults who modeled six emotions--happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust--as well as a neutral expression. The data were analyzed with a 2 x 6 (Eyes x Emotions) factorial analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). EEA for neutral expression was used as the covariate measure. The EEAs of the two eyes did not differ significantly during the expression of emotion. The EEAs for fear and surprise were significantly larger, and the EEA for disgust was significantly smaller than those for either other emotions or neutral expression.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Degree of asymmetry in lateral preferences: eye, foot, ear.

Lateral asymmetry in eye, foot, and ear preference was measured using a 15-item questionnaire administered to 442 subjects. Degree and magnitude of asymmetry were greatest for eye, followed by foot and ear. Intercorrelations of lateral preferences were all positive and significant. Two primary factors, eyedness and earedness, were established.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Role of cerebral hemispheres and regions in processing hemifacial expression of emotion: evidence from brain-damage.

Patients with focal brain-damage, right or left hemisphere-damage (RHD/LHD) and anterior or posterior region-damage (ARD/PRD), and normal controls (NC) were asked to match the photographs of (left-right) hemifacial expressions of emotions, positive (happy-surprise), negative-aroused (fear-anger), negative-nonaroused (sad-disgust). Findings indicated that (a) NC subjects were significantly superior to brain-damaged patients; the difference between RHD and LHD patients was nonsignificant, and (b) ARD patients were significantly inferior to PRD patients who, in turn, were significantly inferior to NC subjects, in the perceptual matching task with hemifacial affective stimuli.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Right brain damage impairs recognition of negative emotions.

Patients with right or left hemisphere-damage and normal control groups were asked to judge facial emotions from photographs presented in two orientations--upright, inverted. Responses were elicited with a matching and a verbal labelling task. Normal controls were significantly superior in the judgment of facial emotions than left hemisphere-damaged patients, who in turn were significantly superior than right hemisphere-damaged patients. Negative-aroused (fear, anger) and negative-nonaroused (sadness, disgust) facial expressions were recognized with significantly greater accuracy by left hemisphere-damaged patients compared to right hemisphere-damaged patients; the group difference in performance was nonsignificant for positive (happiness, surprise) emotions.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Paralinguistic characteristics of speech in schizophrenics and depressives.

Schizophrenics, depressives, patients with anxiety neurosis and normal controls were asked to comment freely for 2 min on photographs depicting seven facial emotional expressions. Schizophrenics commented for the shortest duration of time with characteristic vocalization; depressives' speech was characterized by low initiative time latency, greater duration of utterance but fewer word-counts.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Identification of tachistoscopically presented alphanumeric stimuli in schizophrenia.

Schizophrenics, general medical patients and non-patient controls were compared for their ability to identify tachistoscopically presented alphanumeric stimuli at six exposure durations. Schizophrenics did not differ from general medical patients but both were inferior to controls - a difference that increased as the exposure duration decreased.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Identifying the components of facial emotion and schizophrenia.

Schizophrenics, anxiety neurotics, and nonpatient control subjects were asked to identify the emotion expressed in partial (upper-middle-lower) and full facial expression of four negative emotions: sadness, fear, anger and disgust. Groups did not differ in the ability to identify emotions from partial facial expressions, however, schizophrenics were significantly poorer than anxiety neurotics and controls in identifying emotions from full facial expressions.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Responses to facial emotion and psychopathology.

Schizophrenics, anxious-neurotics, and nonpatient controls were asked to recognize facial affect in photographs depicting six emotions and a neutral expression. The time elapsed between presentation of the photograph and response to it was also noted. Schizophrenics were significantly less accurate at judging the expressed affect and had the largest mean response time compared to others. Preference to interact with the type of affect expressions was also analyzed. Happy and neutral expressions were chosen, while fearful and angry expressions were rejected by neurotic and control subjects. Schizophrenics were largely inconsistent in their choice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Decoding of facial emotions, in terms of expressiveness, by schizophrenics and depressives.

In a comparison of reactions to expressed emotions, 48 schizophrenics, 40 depressives, and 50 nonpatient controls were asked to identify the extreme and the least extreme expressions of six emotions. Schizophrenics identified the extreme expressions of emotions significantly better than the least extreme ones, whilst depressives and controls were uninfluenced by those factors. In a second task, groups were asked to judge the degree of expressiveness within the photographs of each emotion. Depressives' judgments were more consistent and closer to those of controls, as compared to schizophrenics' judgments.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Judgement of facial affect among depressives and schizophrenics.

Forty depressives, 48 schizophrenics and 105 non-patient controls were asked to judge the mutual similarities amongst six different facial affects depicted in photographs. Inter-stimulus distances suggest two dimensions of affect operative in controls: pleasantness-unpleasantness and arousal-non-arousal. Depressives' judgements correspond to the former dimension whilst schizophrenics' judgements correspond to the latter.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Perceptual skill in decoding facial affect.

The perceptual skill in identifying the briefly exposed photographs of facial affect was examined with 75 men and 75 women who were asked to judge six cross-culturally recognizable slides, each expressing one of the six emotions exposed at three different time intervals. Each subject was required to give six judgments and the number of correct responses was considered his score. Analysis by a 3 X 2 factorial design indicated the longer the exposure of the photograph the better the recognition. Although there was no over-all sex difference, analysis by emotions confirmed significantly better accuracy by the women judging 'sadness' than by men, and men were more accurate for 'anger' than were women.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Recognition of facial affect in depression.

25 depressed patients recognized a sad face with more errors than 25 normal persons and labeled other expressions as sadness when affective content was not recognized. Correct recognitions for 6 affects were related to the portion of the face depicted. Comparisons of responses of 25 patients diagnosed as having anxiety neuroses showed differences in responses from the depressed patients and normal persons.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Proximal spacing to facial affect expressions in schizophrenia.

Schizophrenics (N = 40), depressives (N = 36), anxiety neurotics (N = 35), and nonpatient controls (N = 60) were asked to walk forward from a distance of 10 feet to a distance comfortable for possible interaction with facial expressions of six affects and a neutral state, depicted in life-sized images. Schizophrenics demanded significantly greater proximal space than other groups to interact with facial affect expressions, especially the nonaroused ones (happy, sad, neutral state). Multiple discriminant analysis of the "comfortable interaction distance" data revealed that schizophrenic persons may be discriminated with moderate accuracy (52.5%) from other groups.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral transfer deficit in schizophrenia.

Right-handed chronic schizophrenics, left-handed normals, and right-handed normals were tested on a measure of bilateral transfer of motor skill in contralateral hands. Schizophrenics compared with normals showed significantly poor bilateral transfer of skill in terms of errors committed; the group difference was nonsignificant in terms of response time. Results suggested a breakdown in perceptual-motor coordination in schizophrenia.

Adult↗