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Biomedical subjects

M K Samson

Publications and source records attributed to M K Samson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Phase II evaluation of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(2,6-dioxo-(piperidyl)-1 nitrosourea (PCNU)(NSC-95466) in patients with advanced carcinoma of the lung.

Sixty-one assessable patients with advanced small cell and non-small cell carcinoma of the lung were given PCNU on an intermittent every 6-week schedule. Starting doses ranged from 75 mg/m2 for poor-risk patients to 100 mg/m2 for good-risk patients, depending on the bone marrow, liver, and renal status. Six partial responses (two small cell carcinoma, two adenocarcinoma, two large cell carcinoma) of short duration were documented. The major toxic effects were thrombocytopenia (35%) and leukopenia (16%). PCNU does not appear to have sufficient antitumor activity to warrant further investigation in advanced lung cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Phase II trial of methyl-GAG (NSC-32946) in squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Thirty-four assessable patients with advanced squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the lung were treated with weekly MGBG in a phase II trial. Only one partial response, in adenocarcinoma, was observed. Myelosuppression was mild to moderate. Major toxicities consisted of myalgia, myopathy, mucositis, gastrointestinal and pronounced vasculitis in one patient. It would appear that MGBG does not have sufficient antitumor activity to warrant further investigation in advanced squamous cell and adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Clinical trial of chlorozotocin, DTIC, and dactinomycin in metastatic malignant melanoma.

Thirty evaluable patients with metastatic malignant melanoma were treated with a combination of chlorozotocin, DTIC, and dactinomycin. One complete and four partial responses were achieved, for an overall response rate of 17%. Cumulative myelotoxicity was noted, as well as universal gastrointestinal intolerance. One patient developed probable drug-related nephrotoxicity. A survival advantage was noted for responding patients. We conclude that the addition of chlorozotocin did not improve response rate or response duration and that further trials with this drug combination cannot be recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Limited squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: a Southwest Oncology Group randomized study of radiation with or without doxorubicin chemotherapy and with or without levamisole immunotherapy.

In 1976, the Southwest Oncology Group activated a four-arm randomized study of limited squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The purpose of this study was to determine if doxorubicin and/or levamisole added to radiation therapy improved the local control rate and survival in patients with limited squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Of the 107 eligible patients, 15 (14%) had complete responses and 20 (19%) had partial responses. When compared by chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and performance status, no statistically significant difference was found in response rates or in survival. Although not statistically significant, the survival and response rates of patients in the combined levamisole arms were shorter than those of patients in the combined arms not containing levamisole. Patients receiving radiation therapy alone had the best survival. The irradiated field was the site of failure in 68 (88%) of the 77 patients in whom the site of failure was specified. Fifty (65%) of the patients failed in the radiation therapy field only. Chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy as employed in this protocol were of no benefit.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1980

A phase I-II study of maytansine utilizing a weekly schedule.

Maytansine, a new ansa macrolide antitumor antibiotic, was administered to a total of 107 patients in a Phase I-II study. Dose-limiting toxic reactions which occurred at 0.75-1.0 mg/M2 in both Phase I and II were neurologic and consisted primarily of lethargy/weakness (a debilitation syndrome) and paresthesias. Gastrointestinal and neurologic toxic reactions increased in frequency and severity as a function of dose. Myelosuppression, while infrequent, occurred only in previously treated patients. Changes in liver function tests were subclinical. Two partial remissions were observed at a dose-level of 0.5 mg/M2 in Phase I:1 patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung responded for five weeks, while the other patient with adenocarcinoma of the lung responded for four weeks. One partial remission, lasting 14 weeks was seen in Phase II in a patient with malignant melanoma treated at dose-level of 1.0 mg/M2. All responses were in heavily pretreated patients. pairs of small bowel biopsy specimen used to define the mitotic index demonstrated peak mitotic arrest at 24 hours in contrast to vinca alkaloids which appear to have a peak mitotic arrest at 12-24 hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Vinblastine (VLB), bleomycin (BLEO), cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) in disseminated extragonadal germ cell tumors. A Southwest Oncology Group Study.

Nineteen patients considered to have metastatic primary extragonadal germ cell cancer were entered on a Phase II chemotherapy study using as induction therapy a combination of vinblastine (VLB) 12 mg/m2 day 1, bleomycin (BLEO) 15 U/m2 I.V. or I.M. twice weekly, and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) 15 mg/m2 days 1-5, with vinblastine and DDP repeated at 28-day intervals for four months. All complete or partial responders were then placed on a maintenance regimen of vinblastine 12 mg/m2 alternating monthly with actinomycin-D 1.5 mg/m2 day 29, and chlorambucil, 10 mg/m2 P.O. days 32-37. There were three complete remissions (CR's), six partial remissions (PR's), and two stable disease. The response rate (CR's mpr's) was 56%; however the mean duration of response was only two months (range, 1-8 months). Drug toxicity was significant and there was one toxic death. Unlike patients with disseminated testicular cancer, patients with primary metastatic extragonadal germ cell carcinoma appear to do less well on this particular drug regimen. Further investigation using different drug regimens seems necessary.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Phase I-II clinical trial of gallium nitrate (NSC-15200).

Gallium nitrate (NSC-15200), a group IIIa metal salt, was evaluated in a phase I-II clinical trial, In phase I trial, exploring bolus administration of the drug at 3-week intervals, dose-limiting renal toxicity was observed at doses exceeding 700 mg/m2. Hematological toxicity was minimal. Ototoxicity was observed in one patient. A phase-II trial was initiated evaluating the drug at 700 mg/m2 given at 2- and 3-week intervals. Antitumor responses were observed in one patient with soft-tissuesarcoma and in two patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung. In two of these responders, pretreatment 67Ga scan was positive. Further clinical trials with the drug appear indicated, utilizing the every 2 week schedule. Pretreatment hydration combined with osmotic diuresis may ameliorate potential nephrotoxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Use of VM-26 as a single agent in the treatment of renal carcinoma.

VM-26 was administered to 13 patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the kidney. Twelve of the 13 patients were assessable. The remaining patient was nonevaluable due to early death as defined in the protocol. No responses were observed in any of the 12 patients. Nonhematological toxicity was mild except for one instance of life-threatening hypotension, occurring during the infusion of VM-26. Significant leukopenia (less than 3000/mm3) occurred in 29% of courses and significant thrombocytopenia (less than 100,000/mm3) occurred in 14% of courses. Further studies using VM-26 in renal cell carcinoma do not seem warranted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Phase I--II study of intermittent bolus administration of DTIC and actinomycin D in metastatic malignant melanoma.

Twenty-six patients with disseminated malignant melanoma were treated with intermittent bolus DTIC and actinomycin D in an escalating dose schedule, starting at 650 and 1 mg/m2 respectively. Courses were repeated at 3--4-week intervals. Twenty four patients were evaluable for toxicity and 22 were evaluable for response. Two patients (9%) had a complete remission lasting 7+ and 14 months, and three patients (14%) had a partial remission lasting 2+, 5+, and 14+ months. Nausea and vomiting, lasting 24 hours, was observed in 88% of patients, while diarrhea was noted in 17%. Stomatitis and alopecia were less frequently observed. All responses occurred at nonmyelosuppressive doses and in patients with visceral-predominant metastases. This schedule offers the patient the convenience of single-day treatment and less prolonged gastrointestinal intolerance. Further evaluation of this drug combination and schedule would appear to be indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Clinical trial of rubidazone in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and adenocarcinoma of the large intestine.

Sixteen patients with disseminated squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and 26 patients with adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum were given rubidazone. Only one partial remission was observed in a previously untreated patient who had local recurrence of a rectal adenocarcinoma. The main toxic effects observed in previously treated patients consisted of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Also observed were anorexia, nausea, vomiting, alopecia, fever, and chills. Cardiotoxicity was observed in one patient after a total dose of 720 mg/m2 of rubidazone. It is concluded that rubidazone is a relatively inactive compound in the management of these two diseases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Alterations in plasma sialyltransferase associated with successful chemotherapy of a disseminated tumor. Case report.

Levels of plasma sialyltransferase were measured in a patient with disseminated carcinoma of the testes. Initial enzyme values, elevated six fold above those in normal controls, were among the highest thus far encountered in a population of patients with various stages and types of malignancy. During a remarkable respose to chemotherapy with cis-diaminodichloroplatinum, plasma sialyltransferase levels fell markedly. Serial measurement of this enzyme may aid in evaluation of tumor responsiveness to therapy in patients whose disease is not readily measurable.

Adult↗