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Biomedical subjects

M Kabrisky

Publications and source records attributed to M Kabrisky.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Artificial neural networks for early detection and diagnosis of cancer.

Why use neural networks? The reasons commonly cited in the literature for using artificial neural networks for any problem are many and varied. They learn from experience. They work where other algorithms fail. They generalize from the training examples to perform well on independent test data. They reduce the number of false alarms without increasing significantly the number of false negatives. They are fast and are easier to use than conventional statistical techniques, especially when multiple prognostic factors are needed for a given problem. These factors have been overly promoted for the neural techniques. The common theme of this paper is that artificial neural networks have proven to be an interesting and useful alternate processing strategy. Artificial neural techniques, however, are not magical solutions with mystical abilities that work without good engineering. With good understanding of their capabilities and limitations they can be applied productively to problems in early detection and diagnosis of cancer. The specific cancer applications which will be used to demonstrate current work in artificial neural networks for cancer detection and diagnosis are breast cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1993

Spectral analysis of the electroencephalographic response to motion sickness.

Ten subjects participated in a laboratory experiment using cross-coupled angular stimulation to induce motion sickness symptoms. A 14-channel montage using subdermal electrodes was employed to record the electroencephalogram during a pre-Coriolis stimulation baseline through to imminent emesis. Spectral analyses of the EEG were performed upon the recorded data and individual band energies were quantified to attempt to characterize the cortical electrical response to motion sickness. Power spectral analysis was performed upon the temporo-frontal signals through the entire period over the delta, theta, and alpha EEG bands. The power in each of these bands was integrated and the baseline periods compared with that during frank sickness. Mean power spectral energy in the delta band during frank sickness increased by a factor of 13.7 over baseline. Mean theta band energy increased by a factor of 2.2. Mean alpha band energy was not significantly different. EEG power spectral levels in the delta and theta bands increased along with the level of motion sickness symptoms. These changes, particularly those in the delta band, suggest that intense low frequency oscillatory stimulation is being diffusely projected about the central nervous system. These EEG changes, similar to those sometimes seen in partial seizures, and the similarity of the symptom/sign complex in the two disorders, provide evidence that the pathophysiology and electrophysiology of motion sickness may be a variant of seizure activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Computerized task battery assessment of cognitive and performance effects of acute phenytoin motion sickness therapy.

Phenytoin was previously evaluated as an efficacious anti-motion sickness therapy in more than 24 individuals. To be effective, this short-term, novel therapy requires serum levels in the anticonvulsant range; therefore, it became imperative that the effects of phenytoin upon cognition and performance be quantified. Each subject was tested on a performance battery (Criterion Task Set) on two occasions while on either phenytoin treatment or placebo for subsequent statistical comparison. We evaluated 23 subjects with phenytoin serum levels ranging from 8.9 to 23.9 micrograms/L. While subjects with the higher serum levels consistently reported subjective side effects, there was no statistically significant degradation of sensory, cognitive, or performance capabilities compared to placebo.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Use of phenytoin in the prevention of motion sickness.

In a placebo-controlled double-blind crossover pilot study of acute Coriolis-induced motion sickness treatment/prevention in humans employing an anticonvulsant dose of phenytoin, a mean increase in tolerance to motion stress from 4.87 min (S.D. = 5.55) to 46.87 min (S.D. = 32.6) was obtained. This represents a greater than fourfold improvement in efficacy over any currently available single agent and is more than twice as effective as the scopolamine/dexadrine combination. There were none of the usual side effects of blurred vision, dizziness, dry mouth, or sedation.

Administration, Oral↗