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Biomedical subjects

M Kalin

Publications and source records attributed to M Kalin.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Distribution of pneumococcal types in the Stockholm region 1976--1978.

During 1976--1978 1347 pneumococcal strains from 3 bacteriological laboratories in the Stockholm region were typed using antisera from the State Serum Institute; Copenhagen, Denmark. Typing was done with immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP), which has been found to be a simple and reliable method for this purpose. In the whole material types 6, 23, 19 and 3 were the most common, accounting for 21, 18, 17 and 12%, respectively. Types 6, 19 and 23 dominated greatly in children less than 7 years, accounting for 67% of the isolates; a more even distribution with type 3 as the most frequent (16%) pneumococcal type was seen in people greater than or equal to 15 years. In relation to their overall frequency, type 4, and to a lesser degree types 3, 8 and 9, were more often isolated from blood and spinal fluid. Types 3 and 9 were also more frequently isolated from patients with pneumonia than from pneumococcal carriers, while types 6 and 19 were more frequent in carriers. Types represented in the recently introduced 14-valent pneumococcal vaccine constituted 70--86%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A collaborative day treatment program for chronic patients in adult homes.

Three agencies providing services for the Nassau County (N.Y.) Department of Mental Health initiated a pilot program to provide comprehensive day treatment services to chronic psychiatric patients living in adult homes in Long Beach, New York. After screening, the clients are assigned to the regular day program of one of the centers. Two buses transport the clients to and from the centers, and a paraprofessional is assigned to each bus to encourage group discussion and interaction. The sponsoring agencies found that the original expectations for rehabilitating the clients were unrealistic. However, while clinical symptomatology was not altered, many of the clients manifested improved social behavior as the result of training in social and daily-living skills, and rates of rehospitalization were substantially reduced.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiological aspects of fecal colonization with P-fimbriated Escherichia coli in neonates.

Fecal colonization with P-fimbriated Escherichia coli has caused epidemic outbreaks of extraintestinal E. coli infections in the neonatal unit of Danderyd Hospital. The aerobic fecal flora was therefore studied in 1,955 newborn children born at Danderyd Hospital during a period of 2.5 years. E. coli was found in 58% of the maternity ward children and in 57% of the neonatal unit children. A P-fimbriated strain was found in 12% and 17% of the children, respectively (p less than 0.01). There was a significant increase in the frequency of children colonized with E. coli, and especially P-fimbriated E. coli, with length of stay in the neonatal unit. There was a statistical correlation between bed occupancy and colonization with P-fimbriated E. coli (r = 0.46, p less than 0.01) during this study period. We found an incidence of P-fimbriated E. coli of 10 to 20% among the E. coli strains isolated from the fecal specimens which we regard as the baseline incidence.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nasopharyngeal culture in the pneumonia diagnosis.

The diagnostic value of bacterial cultures from nasopharynx (NPH) was prospectively studied in 261 patients with community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization. NPH culture results were compared with those of other diagnostic methods: Culture from blood and sputum, pneumococcal antigen detection, enzyme immuno assay (EIA) for detection of antibodies against pneumococcal hemolysin and in selected cases bronchoscopy. Pneumococcal pneumonia was diagnosed by these other methods in 121 patients. Streptococcus pneumoniae was detected in NPH in 33 of these patients (27%, or 36% if only cultures obtained before start of antibiotics are considered), but in only four of the other 140 patients. For other species the relevance of NPH culture was uncertain. Because of its simplicity and high specificity NPH culture can be a valuable supplement to other diagnostic methods, particularly when sputum samples are difficult to obtain.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endotoxemia in febrile patients with hematological malignancies. Relationship of type of bacteremia, clinical findings and serum cytokine pattern.

The relation between gram-negative bacteremia, endotoxemia and cytokinemia in patients with hematological malignancies was studied. Serum endotoxin and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, interferon-gamma, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10) were determined in 24 patients with hematological malignancies. Patients were included at start of fever (n = 18) or during a temperature peak during continuous fever (n = 6; time = 0). Blood was drawn for cultures at time of inclusion. Additional samples were obtained and grouped in two time intervals (1-5 h and 6-12 h after inclusion). Endotoxin was detected in eight patients. Endotoxemia was more common among patients with bacteremia than among non-bacteremic patients (7/12 versus 1/12; p < 0.05). All studied cytokines showed a tendency to higher mean values at time 0 in patients with endotoxemia than in patients without endotoxemia. Significantly higher mean endotoxin values were seen at time 1-5 h in patients with gram-negative bacteremia (n = 6) than in patients without gram-negative bacteremia, and at time 0 in patients with chills (n = 6) compared to those without chills.

Adult↗