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Biomedical subjects

M Kambe

Publications and source records attributed to M Kambe.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Fuzzy realization in clinical test database system.

To be able to obtain useful information from medical data easily and quickly in daily use for the hospital staff, it is necessary to construct a proper database system using methodologies suitable for the nature of medical data. From this viewpoint we have developed the clinical test relational database system at Hiroshima University Hospital, which provides the functions of easy on-line retrieval and statistical analysis. Fuzzy query processing based on the fuzzy set theory is adopted in the system. This enables us to use natural linguistic representation and makes it easy to introduce medical knowledge representation. Fuzzy set approaches turn out to be superior in clinical evaluation of laboratory data to the ordinary clear-cut definition of normalcy.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1991

Induction of natural killer (NK) activity in mice by injection of chromomycin A3.

Intravenously or intraperitoneally administered Chromomycin A3 (CHRM), an anticancer drug, augmented natural killer (NK) activity of both spleen cells and peritoneal exudate cells in BALB/c mice. When CHRM was administered intravenously, NK activity increased to about five fold that in nontreated mice on the 3rd to the 5th day, then rapidly decreased by the 7th day. On the other hand, when CHRM was administered by the intraperitoneal route, a peak of increased NK activity was observed on 5th to 7th day followed by a more gentle decrease. Augmentation of NK activity by CHRM was enhanced by additional administration of Interferon- gamma (IFN-gamma). Experimental evidence that NK activity could be augmented by CHRM in various strains of mice, independent of H-2 haplotype, suggested that involvement of genetic control within class I region of major histocompatibility complex could be excluded. When BALB/c mice inoculated subcutaneously with Meth A cells were treated with i.p. injection of CHRM, or CHRM in combination with IFN-gamma, the growth of the tumor cells was inhibited, indicating in vivo significance for the increased NK activity. Since this inhibitory effect was decreased by the injection of anti Asialo GM1 antibody (alpha-ASGM1), the effector cells presumably exerting killing activity against Meth A cells were concluded to be Asialo GM1 antigen positive.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The development and the applications of clinical laboratory system by using of fuzzy set theory].

For clinical laboratory data to be used effectively in wide areas of clinical medicine, it must be stored in proper database systems. Moreover, the system must be installed in the hospital information system for easy access by the hospital staff in their routine activities. From this standpoint we have developed a clinical test relational database system at Hiroshima University Hospital, which provides the functions of easy on-line retrieval and statistical analysis. We have also improved the functions to incorporate fuzzy query processing based on the theory of fuzzy sets. This system enables us to use natural linguistic representation and leads to a medical knowledge-base.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1991

Undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver in a 21-year-old woman: case report.

A successful surgical case of malignant undifferentiated (embryonal) sarcoma of the liver (USL), a rare tumor normally found in children, is reported. The patient was a 21-year-old woman, complaining of epigastric pain and abdominal fullness. Chemical analyses of the blood and urine and complete blood counts revealed no significant changes, and serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were within normal limits. A physical examination demonstrated a film, slightly tender lesion at the liver's edge palpable 10 cm below the xiphoid process. CT scan and ultrasonography showed an oval mass, confined to the left lobe of the liver, which proved to be hypovascular on angiography. At laparotomy, a large, 18 x 15 x 13 cm tumor, found in the left hepatic lobe was resected. The lesion was dark red in color, encapsulated, smooth surfaced and of an elastic firm consistency. No metastasis was apparent. Histological examination resulted in a diagnosis of undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver. Three courses of adjuvant chemotherapy, including adriamycin, cis-diaminodichloroplatinum, vincristine and dacarbazine were administered following the surgery with no serious adverse effects. The patient remains well with no evidence of recurrence 12 months after her operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Learning efficiency of a toothbrush for mastering scrubbing method.

Toothbrushing with long horizontal strokes often causes traumatization of sound enamel and gingival tissues. Also, dental plaque on cervical and adjacent surfaces of teeth can hardly be removed because toothbrush tips cannot reach these regions adequately. A toothbrushing device which indicates overstroke was tested to determine the efficacy with which it makes subjects master brushing with short horizontal strokes following an initial period of instruction. The degree of learning measured in the testing group was superior to that of the control group immediately after the first instruction. Moreover after one week and 12 weeks, its efficacy persisted. The plaque elimination ratio, however, showed no significant difference between the testing group and the control.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in cancer patients received chemotherapy].

Forty-three patients with advanced cancer were evaluated for the changes of absolute counts of peripheral blood lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets during chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy. In 27 patients who did not respond to the therapy, whole lymphocytes, T cells, helper/inducer T cells and NK cells decreased significantly in number. In contrast, they showed little decrease in 16 cases responded to the therapy. In situ immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor infiltrating lymphocytes was performed on the carcinoma tissues obtained from 25 gastric cancer patients. T cell infiltration, in which helper/inducer T cells were predominant over suppressor/cytotoxic T cells, and NK cell infiltration were found in most of the tissues comprised various carcinoma types of histology. Furthermore, an analysis of a gastric cancer patient treated with systemic administration of 3 BRMs and intratumoral injection of OK-432 indicated that infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and NK cells augmented by cytokines such as IFN-gamma produced from activated helper/inducer T cells and NK cells. Therefore, it is suggested that movements of helper/inducer T cells and NK cells relate to the response to chemotherapy and participate in prognosis of advanced cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The clinical pulmonary function tests in the central laboratory section--present and problems of tests].

The automatic pulmonary function tests system and the clinical pulmonary function database system by the computer are necessary for the routine of the clinical pulmonary function tests in the central laboratory section. The relationship between the respiratory organs and the pulmonary function disturbances should be analyzed and the respiratory diseases should be diagnosed by using the multiple pulmonary function parameters such as %VC, RV/TLC, %DL etc. in future.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1988

Responsiveness of peripheral blood lymphocytes from cancer patients and healthy donors to interleukin-2 (IL-2).

The proliferative response of the peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) from cancer patients and healthy individuals to IL-2 was studied by use of the quantitative microwell assay of the 3H-TdR incorporation into the cells in vitro. After the addition of phytohemagglutinin (PHA), MNC acquired the reactivity to IL-2 within 3 hr, and reached a maximum after 12 to 17 hr of incubation. Although the IL-2 response of PHA-activated MNC from cancer patient was lower than that from healthy donor, there was no significant difference in the kinetics of proliferation. The maximum response of PHA-activated MNC from both cancer patients and healthy donors to IL-2 was observed at 96 hr and 84 hr, respectively. When monocytes were removed from MNC, IL-2-associated growth of the remaining fraction of MNC was decreased to 40-70% in both cancer patients and healthy donors. Furthermore, monocytes from cancer patients did not affect the IL-2 responsiveness of lymphocytes from healthy donors, and vice versa. The number of T lymphocytes having IL-2 receptors (IL-2R) from cancer patients was lower than that from healthy donors. These facts indicated that the lower IL-2 response of MNC from cancer bearer was due to the decreased number of T lymphocytes possessing IL-2R, and not due to monocytes themselves.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Iatrogenic and transient hyperglycinemia in patients with phenylketonuria.

Two patients with phenylketonuria detected by newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism were treated with low phenylanine formulae. Serum phenylalanine levels were well controlled, but serum glycine levels were elevated until 4 or 5 months of age. This was probable due to the high content of glycine in the formulae. Glycine level returned to be normal in these patients, even though they were kept on the same formula, suggesting, immature metabolism of glycine during this period. No clinical problems were encountered in either patient.

Glycine↗