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Biomedical subjects

M Kamenova

Publications and source records attributed to M Kamenova.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Pleuropulmonary blastoma in children: diagnosis and results of surgery and complex treatment].

This is a report on a retrospective study of experience had with complex treatment of pleuropulmonary blastoma in ten children aged 2-11 years, covering a 27-year period. In all patients diagnosis is made on the ground of clinical symptomatology, imaging methods and histological findings. All patients undergo surgery, as follows: tumor extirpation (n = 3), lobectomy (n = 2) and pneumonectomy (n = 5). Three deaths occur in the early postoperative period (30%). In the remainder postoperative chemotherapy is conducted. Histologically the solid variant (type 3 according to Dehner's classification) is predominant. There are three recurrences (42.8%) among the cases with simple tumor extirpation (2) and lobectomy (1), followed by successful pneumonectomy (two patients) and atypical pulmonary resection (one patient). At long-term follow-up, five patients (50%) are still alive for periods ranging from 1 to 11 years postoperatively. Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a surgical rarity in children. The most important factors for long-term survivorship are both radical surgery, and adequate chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1999

[Intrascrotal nontesticular tumors].

This is a review of literature data on rarely met with intrascrotal non-testicular tumors still not well enough clarified in clinical practice. Histologically these tumors derive from: 1. Epididymis. 2. Funiculus spermaticus and/or tunica vaginalis. 3. Tissues within the scrotum (fatty, fibrous, muscular, lymphatic, nervous). 4. Metastases. The individual types of neoplasms, some of them representing casuistic rarity, so far described as sporadic observations in the pertinent literature, are discussed. Adenomatoid tumor of epididymis and rhabdomyosarcoma are the most frequently encountered. Clinically paratesticular tumors do not lend themselves to differentiation from the ones involving the testis regardless of the fact that for some of them data on specific laboratory and serum or tissue tumor markers have been duely reported. Diagnosis is made histologically following operative management--orchiepididymectomy. According to histological pattern, if necessary the treatment proceeds with radio- or chemotherapy. Finally, two personal observations are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Central neurocytoma--the need for reassessment of histological diagnoses in tumors in the lateral and third ventricles].

J. Hassoun and co-workers (1982) described two cases presenting intraventricular tumors of nervous origin, coined by them with the term "central neurocytoma" of the ground of electron microscopic data. As shown by the studies of other authors, central neurocytoma represents a separate morphological entity having light- and electron-microscopic and immunohistochemical characteristic of its own. In the recently published WHO classification of brain tumors (1993) central neurocytoma is entered as a tumor presenting new morphological patterns. Central neurocytoma occurs mainly in young persons, develops in the lateral and third ventricle, comparatively well differentiated from surrounding structures, rich in calcifications, disclosing proper relative specificity during CT scanning and MRI study. Light-microscopically this tumor bears resemblance to, and is erroneously diagnosed as oligodendroglioma or ependymoma. Proceeding from retrospective reassessment of two patients with intraventricular tumors and an additional observation, and on the ground of pertinent literature data, the morphological, clinical and nerve imaging characterization of central neurocytoma is outlined--a tumor met with in the daily routine practice, but usually erroneously interpreted.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Study of the tissue localization of carcinoembryonic antigen in tumors of the colonic mucosa].

The results from a immunohistochemical study on monoclonal CEA in 21 colorectal tumours and in 2 adenomas with various degree of dysplasia are described. CEA becomes positive slightly with predominance of its membranous localization in adenomas without dysplasia and with dysplasia of I degree. CEA is manifested by more intensive reaction and although rarely it is found diffusely in the cytoplasm in dysplasia of II degree. CEA is found in a large part of tumourous cells and is mainly of cytoplasmic type in dysplasia of III degree. In all examined carcinomas there is positive reaction of CEA, which is distinguished with intensity and larger distribution. In 50% of patients with carcinoma CEA is found also in stromal cells, which is interpreted as a manifestation of invasive properties of the tumours. The authors find positive correlation between the degree of dysplasia and the type of distribution of CEA. In conclusion the significance of tissue discovery of CEA in adenomas of the rectum as an additional method for determination of the exact degree of dysplasia is emphasized.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Importance of immunohistochemistry for neuro-oncology. IV. Distribution model of beta human chorionic gonadotropins in intracranial germ cell tumors].

beta-Human choriogonadotropic hormone (beta-HCG) is considered a good marker for trophoblastic differentiation of germ cell tumors. 34 primary intracranial germ cell tumors (15 germinomas, 6 mature teratomas, 1 embryonal carcinoma, 2 endodermal sinus tumors and 10 mixed germ cell tumors) were immunohistochemically evaluated for the presence of beta-HCG positive cells. In 8 of 15 germinomas and 6 of 10 mixed germ cell tumors beta-HCG cells were demonstrable. In the germinomas such cells included both syncytiotrophoblastic and mononuclear cells which histologically did not correspond to the cytotrophoblast. In one case the patient had exhibited a precocious puberty. Of the 6 beta-HCG positive mixed germ cell tumors, two contained elements of choriocarcinoma. In the cytotrophoblasts of the choriocarcinoma regions, beta-HCG was only sparsely demonstrable. Both of these patients had manifest precocious puberty clinically. The advantage of immunohistochemical demonstration of the beta-HCG compared to conventional histology is in the definite identification of trophoblastic differentiation, in particular the exact recognition of the choriocarcinoma segments, which can be critical for the prognosis. Demonstration of isolated syncytiotrophoblasts and beta-HCG positive mononuclear cells in the seminomas is of no prognostic significance and is primarily of theoretical interest.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Morphological studies of the changes in the cerebral cortex in endotoxic shock in dogs].

The objective of this study is to gain knowledge on the morphologic changes in the brain cortex at the height of an endotoxin shock, since only scanty data on these changes are available in the literature. Sixteen dogs, injected intravenously with endotoxin of Escherichia coli strain 0111:B4 in a dose of 2 mg/kg bodyweight, comprised the study group. Four hours after the endotoxin injection the brains of all experimental animals were examined by routine histologic methods and of five of them--by electron microscopy. The results of light- and electron-microscopic examination showed that the morphologic lesions were localized in the microcirculatory area and the ganglial cells of the brain. The microcirculation changes included a wellmarked sludge-phenomenon and changes in endothelial cell structure (increase in the number of ribosomes and pinocytic vesicles, enhanced luminal evagination), which, as a whole, are a morphologic expression of increased vascular permeability. It is assumed that the observed cortical neurone changes are due to microcirculatory disorders and have no bearing on the direct action of endotoxin on them.

Animals↗