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Biomedical subjects

M Kamimura

Publications and source records attributed to M Kamimura.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

In vitro regulation of neutrophil migration by beta 2 integrins (LFA-1 and Mac-1) in patients with otitis media.

Beta 2 integrins are located on the surface of neutrophils and have important roles in cell migration to an inflammatory site. We investigated the inhibitory effect of antibodies to the beta 2 integrin family for neutrophil migration into middle ear effusion (MEE) during acute otitis media in children and chronic otitis media with effusion in both children and adults. Neutrophil migration to MEE samples was assessed in vitro in a 48-well Boyden chamber. The migration index value and the activity of chemoattractants in MEE was found to be proportional to the number of infiltrated cells. Migration of activated neutrophils into MEE was significantly inhibited by blocking surface-expressed cell adhesion molecules (CAM) with anti-CD11b (Mac-1 alpha) and anti-CD18 (common beta 2 subunit) antibodies (P < 0.001) but not with anti-CD11a (LFA-1 alpha) antibody. These inhibitory effects of anti-CAM antibodies were found in all types of MEE in all age groups studied. A new therapeutic approach to inflammation has been considered recently that utilizes inhibition of neutrophil migration with a blocking antibody to CAM. Our in vitro data support a possible therapeutic effect of anti-CAM antibody, indicating that administration of anti-CD11b and CD18 antibodies may be useful for treating human otitis media.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

K(+)-Cl- cotransport and volume regulation in the light and the dense fraction of high-K+ dog red blood cells.

We examined a chloride (Cl-)-dependent K+ transport (K(+)-Cl- cotransport) and regulatory volume decrease in dog red blood cells with high K+, low Na+, and high glutathione (GSH) content (HK/HG) due to the presence of an Na(+)-K+ pump. The HK/HG cells were separated according to their density, and the age-marker enzyme activities, such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and cholinesterase, were determined. Unexpectedly, we found that young cells were heavier (more dense) and smaller in size compared with the old cells, which were lighter (less dense) and larger. The K(+)-Cl- cotransport was nearly 10-fold higher in the most dense cells, representing a 12% fraction of the total population compared with the lightest cohort. Although K(+)-Cl- cotransport in both the dense and the light cells was activated by N-ethylmaleimide, swelling and depletion of cellular divalent cations and the activation of the transport in the dense cells was greater. Both the dense and light cells regulated their volume when they were isosmotically swollen. Therefore, the lower activity of K(+)-Cl- cotransport might not explain the relative large volume in old HK/HG cells. The concentration of GSH and glutamate was higher in the light cells. Thus the higher the GSH and glutamate concentration, the greater the cell volume and the lower the K(+)-Cl- cotransport.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1996

Molecular cloning of an ecdysone receptor (B1 isoform) homologue from the silkworm, Bombyx mori, and its mRNA expression during wing disc development.

We reported the isolation and sequence of a clone encoding a putative ecdysone receptor B1 isoform of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The predicted open reading frame encoded 543 amino acids, with 51%, 95% and 71% identities with the Drosophila melanogaster ecdysone receptor B1 isoform in the N terminal A/B region, DNA binding domain (C region) and ligand binding domain (E region), respectively. A single 6.2 kb message for the EcR gene was abundant in wing discs and fat bodies at the onset of metamorphosis. At the same stage, however, no or a tiny amount of mRNA was shown in posterior or middle silk glands, respectively. During the final instar, the mRNA expression in wing discs was maximal on the day of wandering. These data suggest the transcription of the Bombyx EcR gene is regulated in tissue-specific and stage-specific manner during metamorphosis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Cell adhesion molecules of experimental otitis media in the rat.

We examined the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAM) in immune-mediated otitis media using keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) in the rat, as well as the regulation of these CAM in peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and lymphocytes upon exposure to middle ear effusion (MEE). After general immunization, a topical antigen was introduced into the middle ear cavity. One day after exposure, CD18+ cells, primarily PMN, had maximally invaded the middle ear mucosa and mucosal epithelium. Mucosal epithelium strongly expressed intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), only on the first day. The total number of cells in MEE reached a peak on day 3. On day 3, ICAM-1+ cells had reached a peak of 24.5% of the total cells. On day 2. CD18+ cells had reached a peak at 75.3% of the total cells. We examined the regulation of CAM in peripheral blood upon exposure to MEE. The percentage of fluorescent CD18+ PMN increased with MEE compared to those incubated in its absence, but those of L-selectin-positive PMN significantly decreased CAM on the surface lymphocytes did not change when incubated with MEE. The expression of CAM (CD18, ICAM-1) appears important for the initiation of otitis media. Moreover, it was thought that the interaction between the infiltrated PMN and MEE may modify the expression of CAM during the inflammatory process in the middle ear cavity.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Eosinophil cationic protein in serum from adults with asthma and with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in serum are abnormally high in bronchial asthma, and may reflect the degree of eosinophilic inflammation in the lung. The purposes of this study were to evaluate whether serum ECP levels are more closely related to the severity of asthma than are peripheral blood eosinophil counts, and whether these levels can be used to distinguich bronchial asthma from pulmonary emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Serum ECP levels were measured and blood eosinophil counts were obtained in 46 symptomatic adults with asthma (31 atopic and 15 non-atopic), 10 patients with pulmonary emphysema, 11 patients with chronic bronchitis, and 30 non-smoking healthy subjects. Both serum ECP levels and blood eosinophil counts were higher in patients with asthma than in those with pulmonary emphysema, chronic bronchitis and in healthy subjects. Neither serum ECP levels nor blood eosinophil counts differed between atopic and non-atopic patients with asthma. After therapy, serum ECP levels were found to have decreased to have decreased significantly (p < 0.025), but blood eosinophil counts were not. We conclude that both serum ECP levels and blood eosinophil counts are useful for distinguishing bronchial asthma from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. These data also indicate that in adults with asthma serum ECP levels may be more closely related to clinical severity than are blood eosinophil counts.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of the mode of Hantaan virus infection in adult mice using a nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction: transient virus replication in adult mice.

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of hantavirus genome was established and applied to analyze the mode of infection of Hantaan virus in adult ICR mice. The cDNA for the S genome segment of Hantaan virus was reverse-transcribed from the total RNA of organs of the infected mice. The sequence in the S genome segment of Hantaan virus was successfully amplified by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR followed by nested PCR. In 5-week-old ICR mice inoculated intraperitoneally with Hantaan virus, strain 76-118 (1.3 x 10(5) FFU/mouse), the virus was detected in clots and lungs from 3 to 10 days post-inoculation (p.i.) by nested PCR and virus-isolation techniques. No virus was detected in any specimens collected on 1 day and after 28 days p.i., and in spleens and brains through the observation period by both methods. The antibody which was measured by indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay (IFA) appeared at 7 days p.i. and the geometric mean titer was elevated to its maximum level of 1:203 at 10 days p.i., maintaining the same level until 35 days p.i. These results suggest that adult mice are transiently infected with Hantaan virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Relationship between birch pollen allergy and oral and pharyngeal hypersensitivity to fruit].

We evaluated the relationship between birch pollen allergy and oral and pharyngeal hypersensitivities to certain fruits. 1. Of 171 birch pollen CAP positive (score > or = 2) patients, twenty two (13%) were revealed to be hypersensitive to apples, eleven (6%) to be hypersensitive to peaches, both rates being higher than those found in patients with other CAP positive reactions (orchard grass pollen CAP, mugwort pollen CAP or Dermatophagoides pteronyssius CAP positive). 2. Among the birch pollen CAP positive patients, the higher the CAP score for birch pollen, the higher the prevalences of hypersensitivity to apples and peaches were found to be. 3. Of 171 birch pollen CAP positive patients, six (3.5%) were revealed to be hypersensitive to kiwi fruit. Of 253 patients with other CAP positive reactions, three (1%) were revealed to be hypersensitive to kiwi fruit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Pulmonary involvement in immunoblastic lymphadenopathy: case reports and review of literature published in Japan].

To investigate pulmonary involvement in immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL), we report five cases of IBL and 21 other reports from the literature published in Japan. Three of the present patients had respiratory symptoms and showed hypoxemia on admission. Radiographic findings in the present cases showed bilateral mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy (LA: 4/5), pleural effusion (PE: 5/5), interstitial shadow (Int S: 1/5), alveolar shadow (A1S: 2/5), and atelectasis (1/5). In the present cases and those previously reported in Japan, the following radiographic findings were observed; LA (56%), PE (40%), Int S (52%), and A1S (24%). Atelectasis was reported only in the present cases. The nine patients with Int S consisted of four with interstitial pneumonia and five with bronchopneumonia. Four of five patients with bronchopneumonia had an opportunistic infection (three had pneumocystis carinii and one had cytomegalovirus). Among the five patients with A1S, two had interstitial pneumonia and the others had bronchopneumonia. Pulmonary involvement was frequently seen in patients with IBL, and may be an important determinant of the outcome of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Effects of bromocriptine in Huntington chorea. Case report.

1. The effects of bromocriptine (BC) on choreiform movement were compared with those of bromperidol (BP) and fluphenazine (FLZ) in a patient with Huntington disease. The patient (male, 42 years old) was treated with BP (15 mg/day, 4 weeks), FLZ (3 mg/day, 4 weeks), low dose of BC (5 mg/day, 4 weeks) and relatively high dose of BC (10 mg/day, 8 weeks). The CSF content of homovanilic acid (HVA) was assayed at last day of the each drug trial. The efficacy of the drugs was evaluated by electromyography. 2. Although BP and FLZ did not succeed to ameliorate the choreiform movement, both low dose and high dose BC showed rapid improvement of the involuntary movement. The CSF HVA concentration was 35.0 ng/ml before beginning treatment. Whereas FLZ and high dose of BC substantially increased the levels of HVA after the dosage (49.3 and 53.1 ng/ml, respectively), moderate increase of HVA (41.5 ng/ml) was observed when the low dose of BC was administered. These observations suggest that increase of CSF HVA might be necessary for clinical improvement of choreiform movement but not correlate with the degree of improvement and dopamine agonists could be useful drug for the treatment of choreiform movement which is refractory to the administration of neuroleptics.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The effect of age on plasma level of setiptiline maleate in depressed patients.

1. Setiptiline maleate (SPT) was administered orally to 45 subjects aged 22-86 years and steady state plasma levels were determined by mass fragment chromatography (GC-MF) to examine the effect of aging on those values. 2. There was a significant correlation between the plasma levels and daily dose. However, there was a wide interindividual variability. 3. Dose-corrected plasma level (DC-PL), or values corrected by dividing the plasma level by daily dose/body weight, was used as the systemic drug clearance parameter. 4. DC-PL was compared among 7 age groups of the subjects distributed in 10-year-intervals. DC-PL showed no difference among groups of subjects between the > 29 years bracket to the 70 years bracket, but showed significantly higher values in those in the > 80 bracket compared to all age groups and subjects in the < 79 bracket. 5. There was a significant correlation between the age of patients and DC-PL according to polynomial response curve analysis. Regression analysis yielded the equation y = -52.72 + 7.05 x -0.17 x2 + 0.01 x3 (n = 45, r = 0.49, p < 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Phi-psi conformational pattern clustering of protein amino acid residues using the potential function method.

This paper describes phi-psi conformational pattern clustering of protein amino acid residues. The method is based on the potential function method and mode seeking technique. phi-psi conformational pattern distribution maps and their three-dimensional potential surface maps were computed for 20 different kinds of amino acid residues, using 67 proteins (14,723 residues) taken from the Protein Data Bank. It was found that glycine residues of proteins have five major clusters in the phi-psi conformational space, and two or three major clusters were found for the other kinds of residues. Mode seeking on the potential surface of glycine residues identified their representative phi-psi conformational patterns: (82.64 degrees, 9.84 degrees), (-62.63 degrees, -41.71 degrees), (-85.33 degrees, 176.78 degrees), (91.88 degrees, 178.14 degrees) and (167.06 degrees, -175.33 degrees). The details of the method and the results are discussed with new classifications of phi-psi conformational patterns of amino acid residues of proteins.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1994

Quantitative analysis of soluble cell adhesion molecules in otitis media with effusion.

The levels of the soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and soluble granule membrane protein-140 (sGMP-140) were measured in middle ear effusions (MEEs) of otitis media (OM) with ELISA. MEEs of chronic serous and mucoid OM in children contained significantly higher levels of sICAM-1 and sGMP-140 compared with normal serum. sGMP-140 in acute and chronic OM in children was higher than in adult chronic serous OM, and in acute purulent OM higher chronic serous OM in children. Cytologic analysis showed that the mean level of sGMP-140 was significantly higher in the neutrophil dominant group than in other groups except the few cells type. sICAM-1 showed no differences among the cytologic classifications. Copious amounts of sICAM-1 and sGMP-140 in MEEs were observed in this study, and were probably the result of shedding from the cells expressed cell adhesion molecules. These cell adhesion molecules in MEEs were thought to modify the inflammatory response in OM.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Efficacy and safety of electroshock therapy without convulsions under general anesthesia in senile depression].

We examined the efficacy and safety of electroshock therapy (EST) under general anesthesia in 26 depressed patients (9 males, 17 females, age range 55-79). The scores of the Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for depression were significantly decreased after EST and clinical symptoms such as depressive mood. psychomotor retardation, anxiety, agitation, suicidal tendencies, hypochondria and sleeplessness improved in all of the patients. Complications included amnesia (16/26), delirium (3/26) and transient arrhythmia (1/26) after EST, but neither lethal nor lasting complications were observed. In summary, EST was an effective and convenient method of treatment for senile depression.

Aged↗