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Biomedical subjects

M Kammoun

Publications and source records attributed to M Kammoun.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Epidemiological features and complications of central venous catheters in pediatric oncology: prospective study about 125 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To report the indications and early and late catheter-related complications in a Tunisian unit of paediatric oncology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study has been performed in a paediatric oncology unit of the Salah Azaïz Institute between 1989 and 2005. It concerns 58 girls and 57 boys with a median age of 7.9 years(4 months to 18 years) treated for cancer disease predominantly lymphoma (22%), sarcoma (23.2%) or leukaemia (8.5%) proposed for insertion of a central venous catheter (CVC). RESULTS: Excluding 2 insertion failures (1.6%), we placed 123 CVC (double for 10 patients), 43 (35%) exteriorised (EC) and 80 (65%) connected to an implantable site (IS). Catheters were placed in the subclavian vein in 59.2% of cases vs 32% for internal jugular vein and 8.8% for femoral vein. Early complications included 15 cases of multiple punctures (12%), 4 cases of pneumothorax (3.2%) and 6 of arterial punctures (4.8%) originating a cervical subcutaneous haematoma in 1 patient (0.8%). Late complications were represented by infection in 7 cases (5.7%). We observed 2 cases of intracardiac catheter migration due to catheter disconnection from the IS (1.6%) and 2 cases of thrombosis (1.8%). The mean life of CVC was longer for IS (305.2 days) than for EC (64.4 days). CONCLUSION: Implantable sites are effective progress for venous access in children with cancer. They improved the quality of care in pediatric oncology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Hypothyroid dilated cardiomyopathy].

Most patients with dilated cardiomyopathy have a poor prognosis due to progressive and irreversible myocardial dysfunction. Rarely, is a metabolic etiology responsive to specific therapy identified. Although many studies have confirmed that thyroid hormone deficiency is associated with a reversible decrease in myocardial contractility, it has remained controversial whether hypothyroidism alone can cause a dilated cardiomyopathy and clinical heart failure. In this study, we report the case of a patient with severe hypothyroidism and a dilated cardiomyopathy complicated by heart failure, which has receded after recovery to euthyroidism with L-thyroxin therapy. This case suggests that hypothyroidism should be evoked systematically when a dilated cardiomyopathy is diagnosed.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated↗
PubMed2000

[Hydatid pulmonary embolism. Two case reports].

Hydatid pulmonary embolism is an uncommon condition resulting from the rupture of a hydatid heart cyst or the opening of a visceral hydatid cyst (often in the liver) into the venous circulation. We report two cases of hydatid pulmonary embolism following rupture of a hydatic cyst in the right ventricle. One case progressed to chronic cor pulmonale. We examine the pathophysiological mechanisms as well as the clinical, therapeutic and evolutive aspects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Microglial chimaerism in human xenografts to the rat brain.

Neural tissue from human fetuses is currently used for intracerebral transplantation to treat patients with Parkinson's disease. The development of the human fetal tissue following grafting has been considered mostly, up to now, from the neuronal point of view in xenografts. Very little is known, in contrast, about nonneuronal, glial, or vascular cells in the grafts. Comparison of the data gathered on the development of grafted human neurons with those obtained in comparable studies using rat transplants has demonstrated species-specific features. We have therefore undertaken a series of studies dealing with nonneuronal cells in human-to-rat transplants to reveal other possible species-specificity of the human tissue. This study has, accordingly, been devoted to the immunohistochemical analysis of microglia of host and donor origins in a human to rat xenograft paradigm allowing clear distinction of the origin of the cells. Human neural tissue was transplanted as a cell suspension into the thalamus of adult rats. Amoeboid human microglia were observed in 1-, 2-, and 3-month-old transplants, but their density, already relatively low at the first stage, decreased further over time. Ramified human microglia were only occasional. In sharp contrast, host rat microglia rapidly invaded the transplant in the absence of any sign of necrosis. The rat cells exhibited first an amoeboid morphology but progressed at the later stages toward a more mature, ramified morphology. These results indicate that donor microglia are quite few in number at first and, at least, do not proliferate actively after transplantation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Puzzling biochemical thyroid profile in patients with multinodular goitre originating from a mild iodine deficient area in Tunisia.

Thirty Tunisian patients with a voluminous multinodular goiter with cold nodules and inhabiting a region of mild iodine deficiency, have been studied. The 131 I fixation by the thyroid, three hours after ingestion was significatively higher than in normal population. Fourty six per cent of the patients have stable iodine urine contents less or equal to 0.39 mumol/L. Three serum concentrations were paradoxically abnormal: thyrotropin (TSH), thyroglobulin (TG) and gammaglobulin concentrations. Fourty seven per cent of the serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels were less than the normal values though the serum total triiodotyronine (TT3), tetraiodotyronine (TT4), free triiodotyronine (FT3), free tetraiodotyronine (FT4), antithyroglobulin antibodies, total protein, triglycerides and cholesterol concentrations were normal. Serum thyroglobulin (TG) rates were elevated, ranged from 2 to 10,180 ng/ml and twenty five per cent of our patients showed levels greater than 500 ng/ml. The gammaglobulin levels were greater than normal in sixty eight per cent of our patients though only 10% of our patients manifest antithyroglobulin antibodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Retroplacental hematoma and uterine Doppler scan].

The authors studied uterine Doppler findings in four cases of retroplacental hematoma at 26, 30.5, 31 and 37 weeks of amenorrhea. In all cases, the diastolic index was low, and a diastolic notch was present. In three cases, the hematoma was visualised under ultrasound. The literature on the subject confirms that the velocity of the uterine circulation is always abnormal in retroplacental hematoma. This test is therefore fundamental for the detection of clinically incomplete retroplacental hematomas and for determining the pregnancy prognosis in women with a history of vascular problems. Two of our patients received treatment with acetylsalicylic acid at an early stage of a subsequent pregnancy. The uterine Doppler scans carried out during this pregnancy at the same date as during the pregnancy with retroplacental hematoma revealed normal bloodflow velocity. The infants were born at term with normal weight. Uterine Doppler ultrasound is, therefore, an essential prognosis factor for these high-risk patients. In addition, routine performance of a uterine Doppler scan at about 22 weeks of amenorrhea in women in their first pregnancy could be useful, as any abnormal finding might be the indication for preventive treatment with acetylsalicylic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Primary osteosarcoma of the cervical spine: one case.

The authors report the case of a 31-year old woman who was operated upon for cervical bone tumour. The pathological study showed that it was a primary, highly differentiated osteosarcoma. The clinical picture was limited to a spinal cord compression syndrome without signs of inflammation. Radiological findings were non-specific. Treatment consisted of laminectomy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The course of the disease was marked by stabilization, then rapid aggravation 2 years after the operation. A review of the literature highlighted the rarity and relatively slow progression of primary osteosarcomas of the spine.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnostic and therapeutic thoracoscopy in 83 cases of chronic pleurisy].

From May 1983 to June 1985 the authors performed a thoracoscopy as a diagnostic and therapeutic objective in 83 patients with chronic recurrent pleurisy; amongst these patients, 69 had know intra or extra thoracic cancer and the other 14 presented with an isolated pleurisy. Eight other patients had pleural carcinomatosis proven by needle biopsy and had pleural talc introduced by thoracoscopy. The examination was performed under local anaesthesia with neuroleptanalgesia; a rigid 7 mm diameter thoracoscope was used; the biopsies were performed uniquely on the parietal pleura using tropical forceps. The outcome was uncomplicated with no deaths nor any serious complications due to the method. The sensitivity of the pleural biopsy was 91.5% or 76 positive biopsies out of 83. 73 biopsies were metastatic and 3 were tuberculous pleurisies. The macroscopic appearance was strongly suggestive of malignancy in 78 patients and appeared inflammatory in 13, of whom 9 cases were positive on biopsy. The authors performed a pleural talcage in every case; a lasting pleural adhesion was obtained in 66 patients but regrettably there were 14 failures, the effusion recurring after removal of the drain. The authors stress the reduced number of incidents of pleural effusion, which confirms the good tolerance of pleural endoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. Apropos of a case].

The pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is an affection characterized by the presence, in the alveolar light, of calcified deposits or "microliths". It is a rare affection as there is now about 200 cases in the world. We report the case of a pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis discovered in a patient of 25 years old and demonstrated histologically by transbronchial lung biopsy under flexible bronchoscope.

Adult↗