Biomedical subjects

M Kamya

Publications and source records attributed to M Kamya.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

The reliability and validity of the Modified Condom Outcome Expectancy Scale (MCOES) among an international sample of HIV-negative partners of people living with HIV/AIDS.

Safer sexual behaviour is vital in curbing the HlV epidemic in many developing countries where the epidemic is primarily transmitted through heterosexual sex. Reliable and valid assessment of factors related to HIV risk behaviours are important in testing behavioural theories as well as informing effective AIDS prevention programmes. The current study tests the reliability and validity of a modified version of the Condom Outcome Expectancy Scale (COES) among a sample of HI'-negative sexual partners (n = 100) of HIV-infected individuals in Pune, India, Chang Mai,Thailand and Kampala, Uganda. Internal consistency reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which had a value of 0.80 for the entire sample, with site-specific values of. 0.78 for India; 0.75 for Thailand; and 0.79 for Uganda. Test-retest reliability was conducted to test the scale's stability over time with 60% of the sample, resulting in a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.70. The scale's structure was explored by analyzing response scores on the items using principal components analysis, which yielded a two-factor solution. The study indicates the utility of a modified version of the widely tested COES across international settings. Such research is necessary in understanding intervention targets across international settings.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMed2001

Developing AIDS vaccine trials educational programs in Uganda.

In preparation for HIV vaccine trials, data on a cohort's knowledge about vaccines and vaccine studies are required so as to tailor educational materials to adequately meet local needs. Interviews (n = 1,182) conducted as part of a 3-year prospective study of Ugandan military men aged 18 to 30 years determined what information, in addition to standard trials information, would be required to ensure comprehension of trial procedures. The interviews highlighted four points: (1) the cohort has a lot of knowledge about vaccines but conflates whether vaccines cure or prevent disease; (2) there is a general lack of knowledge about clinical trials procedures; (3) the desire to be protected from HIV/AIDS is a common reason for being willing to participate in a hypothetical vaccine trial; and (4) concern about side effects is a common reason for being unwilling to participate in a trial. These four points guided the focus of the vaccine trials education, which used locally appropriate analogies to introduce complex unfamiliar concepts such as placebos and blinding. This case study highlights the value of incorporating baseline interviews to assess the educational needs of study populations.

AIDS Vaccines↗

PubMed1997

Condom use with casual partners by men in Kampala, Uganda.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and correlates of condom use with casual sex partners by men in urban Uganda and to identify barriers to condom use that are amenable to intervention. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, door-to-door survey of men residing in a poor area of Kampala, Uganda. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A multistage, probability sample was approximated by recruiting participants within randomly selected neighborhoods. A total of 301 men between the ages of 18 and 45 years answered questions about condom knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices. The respondents also provided demographic and HIV risk-related information. RESULTS: Condom use was higher than previously found in studies in Uganda: 46% of men reported using a condom at the last casual sexual encounter; 31% reported always using condoms with casual partners. In multivariate analysis, independent correlates of condom use included higher condom self-efficacy (4-item scale, odds ratio 1.3 per scale point), lower embarrassment around condoms (3-item scale, odds ratio 0.44 per scale point), knowing where to buy a condom (odds ratio 3.9), knowing how to use a condom (8-item scale, odds ratio 1.4 per scale point), and increasing number of casual sex partners (odds ratio 1.4 per partner). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that condom use may be further increased in this population by conducting demonstrations of condom use skills, preparing individuals to anticipate circumstances that make using condoms difficult and using a variety of outlets to dispense condoms.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗