Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Karmoliński.
The serum lysozyme level of workers engaged in the production of iron-manganese alloys was observed. The lysozyme level was statistically significantly increased compared with the control group. There was no evidence with age and years of work.
Out of 205 workers employed at production of iron-manganese alloys in 35.6% chronic bronchitis (CB) was found. In 11.1% CB occurred in non-smokers, and in 42.5% in cigarette smokers. The incidence of CB was increasing with the number of smoked cigarettes, and in the workers with smoking index < or = 10 it was 53.3% (smoking index = number of cigarette packs smoked daily (1 pack = 20 cigarettes) x number of smoking years). No influence of occupation environment was found on the incidence of CB in the studied workers.
The activity of myeloperoxidase and beta-glucuronidase was determined in neutrophil granulocytes of the peripheral blood in workers of steel-works employed at the production of ferrous and manganese alloys. In comparison with the control group granulocytes in metallurgists under study showed significantly higher activity of beta-glucuronidase while an increased activity of myeloperoxidase was found in workers employed for a period exceeding 10 years.
In 30 patients the metabolic activity of the neutrophils measured with the reduction ability of nitroblue tetrazolium was determined after intravenous administration of iodinated contrast media for cholangiography or urography. It was shown that 20 minutes after intravenous injection of the contrast medium the metabolic activity of phagocytizing granulocytes increased steeply and returned to the initial value after 24 hours.
Significantly lower blood serum concentrations of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) accompanied by a significantly higher concentration of thyrotropin (TSH) have been found in workers exposed to the environmental presence of manganese, iron chromates and other agents as compared to the control group (differing with respect to the environmental exposure to manganese only).
In the serum of steel mill workers exposed to manganese, iron, chromates, ultraviolet radiation and noise, levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were determined. In workers under study only increased level of triglycerides was found in comparison with the control group. But in the group of smokers, the level of cholesterol increased in persons above the age of 40 and in persons working longer than 10 years.
In workers chronically exposed to manganese who showed spirometric abnormalities, an evaluation was done of the degree of ventilation disturbances in relation to age, duration of work, cigarette smoking, and the presence of chronic bronchitis. It was shown that of greatest influence on the loss of ventilation efficacy was cigarette smoking, and, in a lower degree, age. Chronic bronchitis however, caused no greater impairment of ventilation efficacy. Duration of work remained almost without influence on the degree of ventilation impairment.
The activity of acetylcholinesterase in the red blood cells of metallurgy workers producing iron-manganese alloys was statistically less significant than the activity of this enzyme in the control group. Work tenure and smoking intensity, measured using the smoking index method did not significantly affect the acetylcholinesterase activity in the worker's red blood cells (smoking index = number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day x years of smoking; one pack = 20 cigarettes). The results may point to malfunctions of the erythrocytes membranes caused by harmful substances in iron works producing iron-manganese alloys.
In patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency, chronic nonspecific diseases of respiratory system, lung malignancies, as well as in the group of patients with "other diseases" complicated by bacterial pneumonia the total protein and protein fractions, bilirubin, activity of alanine aminotransferase and of aspartate aminotransferase in the blood serum has been determined. The control group consisted of analogous groups of patient without, however, bacterial pneumonia. It has been stated that in patients with lung cancer bacterial pneumonia has been accompanied by the increased concentration of beta-globulin and the decreased concentration of gamma-globulin. In other groups of patients the lowered concentration of albumin and the increased concentration of alpha-globulin has been observed. Chronic nonspecific diseases of respiratory system were, moreover, characterized by the increased concentration of gamma-globulin. In some groups of patients with secondary bacterial pneumonias if compare with analogous++ groups of patients without pneumonia the increased bilirubin concentration and increased activity of alanine aminotransferase and/or aspartate aminotransferase remaining however within normal range has been demonstrated.
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Decreased glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity has been shown in the red cells of workers employed in the works producing ferro-manganese alloys in comparison with that in the control group. Tobacco smoking and duration of the occupation did not affect the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in red cells.
An analysis of etiological factors of secondary bacterial infections was carried out in 64 patients with pneumonias. In most of the patients gram negative rods were cultured. Most often the pneumonias were caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. A single causative agent was found in the majority of the patients (60.7%), less frequently two, least three.
Hundred sixty four patients with the secondary pneumonia were analysed. The secondary pneumonia amounted to 65.8% of all cases of pneumonia treated within several years. Patients' sex, age, clinical symptoms, X-ray findings, coexisting diseases, sequence of the symptoms and the rate of their disappearance were analysed. It was found that the secondary pneumonia is prevailing in males over 40 years of age and most frequently accompany cardiac failure and chronic unspecific respiratory diseases. It is characterized by slow onset and the lack of typical symptoms in the high percentage of patients. Radiological and clinical symptoms disappear more slowly. However, various ausculatory symptoms of pulmonary involvement often accompany the secondary pneumonia and are not directly related to the inflammatory lesion to the lungs.