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Biomedical subjects

M Karpísek

Publications and source records attributed to M Karpísek.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Study of a newly synthesized substance with a potential to stimulate beta3-adrenergic receptors].

beta3-Adrenoreceptor agonists can stimulate lipolysis in the white adipose tissue and thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue. These activities could be useful in the treatment of obesity and the associated metabolic syndrome. The effects of six-week oral administration of the newly synthesized substance B496 (methyl-4-[2-[2-hydroxy-3-(4-ethylcarbamoyl)phenoxyprophyl]amino]etyl)-phenoxyacetate hydrochloride) on serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and leptin levels were studied in male Wistar rats fed with a high-fat diet. The animals were divided into a group treated with B496 (5 mg dissolved in 1 litre of water) and a control group. The results indicated a significant reduction in serum glucose levels (-26 %, p<0,01), triacylglyceride levels (-21 %, p<0,05) and leptin levels (-43 %, p<0,01). Further the effect of a single intraperitoneal dose (1 mg/kg) of B496 and BRL-37344 on serum leptin levels in the C57Bl/6J mouse was investigated. Administration of BRL-37344 resulted in a significant decrease in serum leptin levels (-55 %, p<0,001). This reduction was not demonstrated by newly synthesized substance B496.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed2000

[Experimental study of resveratrol and flavonoids in red wine with regard to their possible hypolipemic effects].

Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilben) is a polyphenol (phytoalexin) naturally found in wine and different therapeutic plants. It is a substance with an antioxidant and estrogenic effect and the ability to inhibit the growth of some tumours. Some studies mention its possible antiaggregation, neuroprotective and antiallergic effect. In the submitted pilot study the authors investigated the effect of resveratrol and flavonoids (anthocyanins, catechins) on serum lipid levels, in particular total cholesterol and liver enzymes in the laboratory rat. In the experiments healthy animals were used (fed a standard diet) as well as hypercholesterolemic animals (fed a special sugar diet) and treated animals. The investigated parameters were total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, aminotransferase aspartate (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The conclusions of the investigation indicate that resveratrol and flavonoids (anthocyanins, catechins) found in red wine significantly reduce the total cholesterol level in the hypercholesterolemic rat. The resultant effect of resveratrol and flavonoids on liver enzymes in our experiment is not unequivocal.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Juvenile proximal femoral epiphysiolysis--review of the problems and results of surgical therapy].

The authors describe the aetiology and different types of a serious affection of the hip joint which occurs during adolescence--juvenile proximal femoral epiphysiolysis. They describe surgical methods used in non-dislocated and dislocated conditions of this affection of the adolescent hip joint. In the course of ten years at the Orthopaedic Clinic of the Institute of Postgraduate Medical Training a total of 88 epiphysiodeses and stabilizations of the proximal femoral epiphysis were performed, 32 osteotomies at the level of the trochanter minor according to Southwick's method, two osteotomies by Imhäuser-Weber's method and in 42 patients the epiphysiolysis was treated by subcapital osteotomy by Dunn's method. The authors emphasize accurate and early diagnosis of the disease and selection of correct surgical tactics. Adjustment of the anatomical conditions in the hip joint with restoration of articular congruence creates perspectives of its optimal function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Wedge resection of the metatarsal head in Freiberg-Köhler disease].

The authors describe a group of 13 patients where during treatment of aseptic necrosis of the head of the metatarsal bone a new surgical method was used--wedge-shaped resection of the head. They describe the aetiology, surgical technique and results. This surgical technique is used at the Orthopaedic Clinic of the Institute for Postgraduate Medical Training Prague-Bulovka since 1987. In the discussion the authors evaluate the disadvantages of hitherto used surgical techniques and compare the methods with the method they use. In the conclusion the achieved results are evaluated which justify wider use of the described method in routine practice of orthopaedic departments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Sprengel's deformity].

The authors deal with etiology, pathological anatomy and clinical finding in inborn high-riding scapula--the so-called Sprengel deformity. What is the best treatment tactics? Is the conservative treatment more suitable than the surgical one, or vice versa? By comparing their own experience with the data in the specialized literature the authors advocate a strictly individualized approach to each affected patient. After determining the diagnosis of Sprengel deformity it is necessary to evaluate the position of the scapula and the extent of the limitation of the range of motion of the respective shoulder-girdle. At the same time it is essential to consider the ability of the child and his parents to cooperate in the period of the postoperative rehabilitation. The rehabilitation carried out properly in the postoperative period is equally important as the perfect performance of the surgery. In more severe grades of affection combined with greater functional limitation of the ipsilateral shoulder the authors recommend the surgical treatment using the Green procedure with additional subperiosteal osteotomy of the ipsilateral clavicle (morcellation). The aim of the operation consists in the reduction of the scapula with simultaneous extraperiosteal release of most muscles inserted on the scapula. At the same time the os omovertebrale, if present, is always removed. The congruency of the anterior surface of the scapula and the thoracic wallis achieved by the resection of the supraspinatus part of the scapula. The proper position of the reduced scapula is ensured both by the reinsertion of muscle insertions to new, functionally more advantageous parts and by the fixation of the interior angle of the scapula in a newly created "pocket" in m. latissimus dorsi. Immediately after operation the proper position of the scapula is ensured by wire cerclage, distally anchored to the contralateral spica cast. The authors evaluate a group of 7 patients operated on at the Orthopaedic Clinic of the Institute for Further Education of Physicians, Teaching Hospital at Bulovka in Prague in the period of 1980-1987. Ensuing from the evaluation is the fact that in all deformities of III grade according to Cavendish the results achieved were satisfactory. On the other hand, the deformities of IV grade are difficult to treat even by operation. Only in one case the result was partially successful. In the conclusion the authors recommend a timely screening of the deformity, its timely operation (up to the age of 4 years) and indication carefulness in elder children.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Extensive subtalar release in the treatment of congenital pes equinovarus].

The results of the surgical treatment by the method of extensive subtalar release after McKay is observed on the group of 35 feet operated on in 23 patients. In 17 feet it was the case of the recurrence after the operation, 18 feet were operated on primarily either after the conservative therapy or after no preceding therapy. Surgical technique is described in which major stress is put on the considerate approach and perfect correction of all abnormalities within one operation. A three-grade evaluation was used for the assessment of the results: good, fair, poor. Good results were achieved in 60 per cent of operated feet, 23 percent were evaluated as fair and 17 per cent as poor results. In the group of patients operated on beforehand the number of poor results is higher than in the group of patients operated on for the first time. As a supplementary procedure enucleation of os cuboideum is applied either during the basic operation or in the following period, in the second phase metatarsal osteotomy and transposition of the tendon of m. tibialis ant. into the base of Vth metatarsal are performed. This method of surgical treatment provides very satisfactory results. With the adequate performance of surgical treatment the number of complications is minimal. This type of operation is indicated for children between 1 and 4 years of age, exceptionally it can be performed also in older patients (the oldest boy in the group was 6 years old).

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hydrazide-functionalized poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) microspheres for immobilization of horseradish peroxidase.

Nonporous cross-linked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) (poly(HEMA-co-EDMA)) microspheres were prepared by dispersion polymerization of HEMA and EDMA. The polymerization was performed in toluene/2-methylpropan-1-ol in the presence of cellulose acetate butyrate as a steric stabilizer and dibenzoyl peroxide initiator. The particle size may be increased by decreasing the toluene/2-methylpropan-1-ol ratio and by increasing polymerization temperature. Adipohydrazide was attached to the microspheres activated with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine. After periodate oxidation of its carbohydrate moieties, horseradish peroxidase was coupled to the hydrazide-functionalized poly(HEMA-co-EDMA) microparticles up to 7.3 microgram of enzyme/g of carrier without a significant loss of its activity. Immobilized peroxidase was found to be stable, retaining more than 97% of its initial activity when stored for 23 days after the preparation.

Cross-Linking Reagents↗