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Biomedical subjects

M Kataja

Publications and source records attributed to M Kataja.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Sensitivity of gastric acid secretion in patients with chronic renal failure.

By means of a dose-response secretion test the sensitivity of gastric acid secretion was investigated in 85 patients with chronic renal failure and in 85 age- and sex-matched controls. The renal patients were also gastroscoped, with biopsy specimens taken from the gastric body. The examinations were repeated on 18 patients undergoing regular dialysis and 8 patients after successful transplantation. The acid secretion sensitivity of the stomach among the non-dialyzed patients was decreased when compared with the controls (p less than 0.01) but tended to normalize during the intermittent dialysis treatment (p less than 0.05) and particularly after transplantation (p less than 0.01). The low secretion responses were independent of gastric body histology and were also seen in patients with normal body mucosa. The maximum theoretic acid output did not differ significantly from that of the controls. It is concluded that there is an inhibition of gastric acid secretion in chronic renal failure. This inhibition depends on the decreased sensitivity to stimulation and is diminished by treatment of renal failure by dialysis or transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Invasive haemophilus influenzae and meningococcal infections in Finland. A climatic, epidemiologic and clinical approach.

A nationwide epidemiological survey on invasive (blood and/or CSF culture positive) Haemophilus influenzae (HI) and meningococcal infections was performed in Finland in 1976-1980. The mean annual incidence of HI infection was 3.4/100,000 inhabitants (813 cases) vs. 2.0/100,000 (469 cases) of meningococcal infection. HI infections showed no geographical predilection, but meningococcal disease, mainly of group B, was more common in northern than in southern Finland (p less than 0.005). Meningitis accounted for 61% of the HI and 91% of the meningococcal infections. The overall fatality rates were 3.1% and 7.9%, respectively. Children accounted for 94% of the HI and 59% of the meningococcal cases. The overall annual incidence of bacterial meningitis in children (less than 15 years) was 19/100,000; in children less than 5 years it was 52/100,000. HI was the most common (62%) causative agent, followed by meningococci (18%) and pneumococci (5%). The fatality rate was 4%. Major neurological sequelae were found in 5%, minor ones in 16%. It was calculated that 42% of the cases of meningitis could have been prevented by vaccines now available on the market. Vaccines now under field investigation may increase the preventability to about 65%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Multivariate prognostication in bacterial meningitis of childhood.

A multivariate method for prognosticating the outcome of bacterial meningitis was computerized on the basis of initial clinical and laboratory data in 123 patients. The model, based on likelihood ratios, is simple and rapid. At the time of diagnosis, it predicted the outcome correctly in 104/123 cases (85%) in the basic group and in 67/98 independent controls (68%). The sensitivity of the method in predicting death or mild to severe neurological sequelae was 83% in both groups. The predictive value of a calculated good prognosis was 94% in the basic group and 97% in the control group, and that of a calculated poor prognosis was 63% and 26%, respectively. The predictive system can be used for rapid assessment of prognosis in individual patients and for comparisons between groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of the human Goodpasture antigen.

The glomerular basement membrane antigen involved in Goodpasture syndrome was purified from human kidneys. The antigen was solubilized by collagenase digestion and purified by ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and reversed phase HPLC. The monomer proteins (M1, M2*, and M3) were immunochemically compared with the corresponding bovine monomers and appeared to be identical. The Goodpasture reactivity was localized to the same monomer (M2*) as in bovine material. It could also be shown that eight out of nine patients with Goodpasture syndrome had circulating antibodies reacting with a crude collagenase digest of human glomerular basement membrane that could be inhibited by the active monomer peptide. The ninth patient had, besides antibodies to this peptide, antibodies to the 7S domain of type IV collagen. Further immunochemical studies indicate that all patients sera recognize the same site(s) on the monomer protein. Thus the major antigenic determinant(s) of Goodpasture syndrome resides in monomer M2* which is a constituent of the globular domain of collagen IV.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Group-specific component (Gc): subtypes in the Finnish population. Description of a new allele and an apparent mother-child incompatibility.

The group-specific component (Gc) subtypes were determined in 575 adult Finns by immunoblotting after isoelectric focusing in agarose gel. The gene frequencies were Gc1S = 0.661, Gc1F = 0.139 and Gc2 = 0.200. This material included one rare allele, a more acidically focusing Gc 2 (named Gc 2A18). The phenotypes of 200 mother-child pairs studied were in accordance with the three-allelic mode of inheritance. An apparent mother-child incompatibility observed during routine paternity testing is reported.

Alleles↗
PubMed1986

Lack of clinical exacerbations in adults with chronic asthma after immunization with killed influenza virus.

The effects of immunization with killed influenza virus vaccine were assessed by comparison with placebo in a double-blind study of 318 adult patients with chronic asthma. The patients were randomly allocated to active vaccine and placebo. No difference was observed in peak expiratory flow rate or in clinical symptoms of bronchial obstruction between the groups receiving active vaccine and placebo during the first week after immunization. The data were analyzed separately for age, sex, duration of the disease, hypersensitivity to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), atopic status, patients with a history of attacks of asthma induced by viral infections, patients with a diurnal variation of baseline peak expiratory flow of 20 percent or more, and patients receiving continuous oral steroid medication, but none of these factors seemed to predict any short-term adverse effects of vaccination. Follow-up for eight months after the vaccination revealed no differences in asthmatic symptoms between the patients treated with active vaccine and those receiving placebo. The antiviral antibody response to vaccination was normal. The possible protection provided by the vaccination against exacerbation of asthma induced by influenza could not be evaluated, since the influenza epidemic expected during the season failed to occur in Finland. It is concluded that immunization with killed influenza vaccine is safe and is not associated with any significant side effects in adult patients with chronic asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Dental maturity in Finnish children, estimated from the development of seven permanent mandibular teeth.

Overall dental maturity was studied semilongitudinally in a group of 248 healthy children born in Helsinki in 1968-73. In all, 738 orthopantomograms were taken of these children at ages of 2.5-16.5 years. Overall dental maturity was estimated by the method of Demirjian and Goldstein, which is based on the development of seven left mandibular permanent teeth. The aim of the study was to construct dental maturity curves for Finnish children and to compare their dental maturity with that of French-Canadian children studied by the same method. The Finnish children were more advanced in dental maturation than French-Canadian children (p less than 0.01). In boys the advancement was seen at the age of 5-10 years and in girls at the age of 4-12 years. These findings suggest differences in overall dental maturity among white population groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Cerebrospinal fluid white cell, glucose and protein changes during the treatment of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis.

298 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained from 116 children with ongoing Haemophilus influenzae meningitis were analyzed in order to determine the kinetics of the white blood cell (WBC) count and the glucose and protein concentrations--parameters for which there are no "reference values" available for the convalescence period of meningitis. The values determined during the first 10 days of treatment are presented as percentile distribution graphs. CSF WBC counts increased slightly for the first 24 h but declined thereafter without reaching, however, the normal value (less than or equal to 5/microliter) within 10 days in the majority of cases. Low CSF glucose concentrations usually increased to a normal or almost normal level within 48 h. CSF protein concentrations declined steadily throughout the treatment. Extremely high CSF WBC or low CSF glucose concentrations suggested neurological complications or treatment failure. The value of sequentially determined CSF WBC, glucose and protein in monitoring recovery from H. influenzae meningitis is, however, so vague that routine spinal taps do not seem indicated after CSF has become sterilized.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1985

An analysis of epidemiological data in HLA-typed diabetic children.

To clarify the heterogeneity of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, differences between patients with different HLA risk antigens were investigated with regard to sex, age at diagnosis, season of year and calendar year at diagnosis of the disease. The study consisted of 293 HLA-typed patients from the Department of Paediatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. HLA-Dw2 was extremely rare among diabetic patients, whereas Dw3 and Dw4 were associated with increased risk in this as in other series. Male patients more often had the HLA-A1 antigen than females. On comparison of the Dw3 positive patients, boys more frequently had the combination A1,B8 than girls. A1,B8-positive patients were more often diagnosed during the warm months, in the late summer and autumn. Patients with both Dw3 and Dw4 were younger at diagnosis when compared with the rest of the patients. The results support the concept of heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes associated with HLA-linked genetic determinants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Prognostic factors for non-cleaved follicular center-cell lymphomas and immunoblastic sarcoma. A Bayesian approach.

The Bayesian multivariate statistical method was applied to determine the relative strength and optimal combination of 17 variables in predicting survival of 151 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas assigned as non-cleaved follicular center-cell and immunoblastic sarcoma types according to the classification of Lukes & Collins. Considering all the factors simultaneously, the analysis showed that the combination of stage, Hb level and location of the lymphoma was included in the best predictive model at each survival time studied. Additional factors were erythrocyte sedimentation rate, thrombocyte count and leucocyte count. Of the histological variables, only growth pattern and mitotic ratio in the biopsy specimen remained significant. At manually controlled computer simulation with these best indicators, this model would have given a correct classification for 69-78% of the patients at the 4 survival times studied. One can thus expect about 70% correct prognoses using this model.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Bioavailability of selenium to Finnish men as assessed by platelet glutathione peroxidase activity and other blood parameters.

Three groups of 10 men of low selenium status were given 200 micrograms Se/day as Serich wheat, Se-rich yeast, or sodium selenate for 11 wk. Twenty unsupplemented subjects served as controls. Plasma Se levels increased steadily in the wheat and yeast groups for 11 wk without plateauing, whereas in the selenate group, plasma Se plateaued around 110 ng/ml after 4 wk. Platelet glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities increased rapidly in the wheat and selenate groups for 4 wk and then plateaued. Platelet GSH-Px increased more slowly in the yeast group. Ten weeks after the supplements were discontinued, platelet GSH-Px was higher in the wheat and yeast groups than in the selenate group. Assessment of Se bioavailability requires a short-term platelet GSH-Px measurement to determine immediate availability, a medium-term plasma Se measurement to estimate retention, and a long-term platelet GSH-Px measurement after supplements are discontinued to determine the covertibility of tissue Se stores to biologically active Se.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The Lukes and Collins classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 2. A survival study of 301 patients.

In a retrospective study of 301 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients the clinical and prognostic value of the classification of Lukes and Collins was studied. A slight majority of the cases were of the follicular center cell types. Stages III-IV were found in 46% of the entire group at the time of diagnosis. The lymphomas showing follicular center cell types were frequently localized (63%). About 65% of all cases survived one year and about 45% five years. The females showed a better survival. The nodal lymphoma cases had the poorest survival. Two prognostically different subgroups of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas were discerned. The more favourable group consisted of the small cleaved FCC type (five-year relative survival 74%), the small lymphocytic type (62%) and the plasmacytoid lymphocytic type (51%). The small non-cleaved FCC type, the large non-cleaved FCC type and the immunoblastic sarcoma type formed the other group with a less favourable prognosis. Mortality due to these types manifested itself to a level of 65% in the first two years.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Chronic occupational exposure to toluene.

Chronic occupational exposure to toluene was studied in a factory preparing tarpaulins. Seventy-eight workers were studied; 46 were exposed to various concentrations of toluene in air (20--200 ppm), 32 were unexposed workers in the same factory. In many cases the exposure had lasted for 10--20 years. The urinary hippuric acid excretion at the end of work shift showed good correlations to toluene concentrations in air, and it seems to be a good measure of exposure. The hippuric acid in urine samples collected overnight showed that elimination of toluene still occurs several hours after exposure. Most of the biological parameters measured showed no correlation to toluene exposure. The blood leukocyte count did not show slight positive correlations to toluene exposure, but even this parameter stayed inside the range of normal values. The occurrence of chronic diseases, drug using habits, and drinking and smoking habits did not show any correlations to toluene exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

HLA-B27 frequency and MLC reactions in acute anterior uveitis.

HLA-A and B antigens were determined in 37 unrelated patients with acute non-granulomatous anterior uveitis (AAU) and in 114 control subjects. HLA-B27 was identified in 31 patients with AAU (83.8%) and in 15 control subjects (13.2%). Fifteen patients (40.5%) had associated rheumatic diseases and all of them (100%) had HLA-B27. Of the 22 patients without any associated disease, 16 (72.7%) had HLA-B277. To study the HLA-D composition MLC tests were done as one-way microcultures between members of four groups consisting of 10, 10, 8, 8 patients with AAU and two or three healthy controls in each test group. No difference between patient-to-patient reactions as compared with the control reactions could be observed. The results show that AAU is very closely associated with HLA-B27 but not with any of the HLA-D antigens.

Adult↗