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Biomedical subjects

M Kilpatrick

Publications and source records attributed to M Kilpatrick.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection among hospital staff].

Viral Hepatitis is one of the leading causes of disease around the world. In Latin America is a severe public health problem. We conducted a case-control study in the Cayetano Heredia Hospital, Lima-Perú, seeking for risk factors for Hepatitis B infection. We found 0.41% of frequency of HBsAg and 8.13% of anti-HBs in the 492 persons screened. Contact with blood was confirmed as a risk factor for Hepatitis B infection; disposable needle-wash was also identified as a major risk factor. The personnel of the Sterilization Room is also in high risk for the infection. The nurse-aid personnel was also identified as a high risk group. We suggest that the needle wash is a risk factor very easy to remove, and also stopping the rotation of the auxiliary personnel could reduce the incidence of the infection in the personnel at risk.

Hepatitis B↗
PubMed1981

Platelet aggregation and release of ATP after incubation with soluble immune complexes purified from the serum of diabetic patients.

Human platelets are known to have Fc receptors that are able to recognize soluble immune complexes and to respond to that stimulation by aggregating and releasing soluble factors. In diabetes, enhanced platelet aggregation has been proposed as one of the factors contributing to the development of microangiopathy. Soluble immune complexes isolated from seven diabetic patients were found to enhance ADP-induced platelet aggregation and release of ATP. This enhancement was proven not to be an artifact due to the isolation protocol, by comparison of purified immune complexes with nonspecific protein purified from normal sera by identical or slightly modified isolation protocols. Soluble immune complex appear to be the first well-characterized platelet aggregating factors form the sera of diabetic patients. The natural of the antigen involved in their formation does not appear relevant, since very similar results were obtained whether soluble immune complexes were purified from patients with insulin-anti-insulin complexes in their serum, or from those without such complexed but with positive results in nonspecific screening techniques.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1980

Purification of cytoplasmic antigens from the mycelial phase of Candida albicans: possible advantages of its use in Candida serology.

The serology of candidiasis is complicated by the use of poorly defined antigens. Total extracts of the yeast phase have been commonly used as "cytoplasmic' antigen, without regard to the significant amounts of carbohydrate that may contaminate such preparations. This is particularly true in the case of commercially available antigens that have been used as cytoplasmic antigens but actually are richer in carbohydrate than in protein. Affinity chromatography in concanavalin A - Sepharose provides a simple procedure to separate carbohydrates, mainly mannan, from protein antigens in whole Candida extracts. By using mannan-poor antigens, the specificity of serological reactions can be increased considerably, since both the positive reactions seen in a-symptomatic donors and the cross-reactions seen in patients infected with other fungi are due to anti-mannan antibodies. In contrast, both anti-mannan and anti-cytoplasmic antigen antibodies can be detected in patients suspected of systemic candidiasis. On the other hand, absolute specificity may never be achieved for systemic candidiasis. We have found antibodies against cytoplasmic antigen in a patient allergic to C. albicans, in whom the microorganism was isolated from fecal material. It appears that, under favorable conditions, mucosal sensitization may also trigger as systemic reaction directed against both mannan and cytoplasmic antigens.

Antigens, Fungal↗
PubMed1978

Artificial insemination with frozen stored donor semen.

The results of artificial insemination with donor semen (AID) are reported. The semen samples were stored in liquid nitrogen until needed. Eighty-two pregnancies occurred in 214 patients treated for 1610 cycles. Life table conception rates were 24.3 +/- 2.9 after six months and 32.7 +/- 3.3 after 12 months of treatment. Thirty of the 82 patients conceived within three treatment cycles and 53 by the sixth treatment cycle. Of the 82 pregnancies, there were 12 miscarriages, no stillbirths or neonatal deaths and one baby was born with a congenital abnormality.

Counseling↗
PubMed1976

Cephazolin treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia and urinary tract infections.

Ten cases of pneumococcal pneumonia were treated with cephazolin 500 mg. q8h for at least 5 days. In every case therapy was accompanied by clinical improvement and eradication of the organism. Ten patients with E. coli bacteriuria (5 symptomatic) were treated with cephazolin 500 mg. q12h for 7 to 10 days. In every case the pathogen was eliminated during therapy but in one case bacteriologic relapse occurred following cessation of therapy. In 10 cases of bacteriuria caused by P. mirabilis, Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter, and Enterococcus, the urine became sterile during treatment, but relapse was common. Initial and final creatinine clearances obtained in 29 patients who received an average of 12.9 g. of cephazolin showed no tendency toward loss of renal function. Serial serum levels of cephazolin were determined following the first 500 mg. dose in 18 patients. The peak serum level occurred at one hour with a serum half life of approximately 2.2 hours. For 13 of these 18 patients serial serum levels were also obtained following the last dose of cephazolin. At this time the mean peak level occurred at 2 hours but again the serum half life was approximately 1.9 hours.

Cefazolin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partner abandonment of women with breast cancer. Myth or reality?

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to determine the existing evidence related to marital breakdown after a breast cancer diagnosis by reviewing studies that highlight two current belief models: the lay belief model and the clinical belief model. OVERVIEW: The small number of studies conducted on this topic since 1988 revealed no data to confirm the lay belief model, which proposes that women with breast cancer are abandoned by their partners. The evidence appears to support the clinical belief model that the majority of marital relationships remain stable after breast cancer and that breakdown is most likely in those relationships with pre-existing difficulties. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This review indicates that it may be important for clinicians to routinely ask about the quality of the marital relationship as part of the initial assessment, because it appears that this may be a main predictor of post-diagnosis marital adjustment. In addition, greater dissemination of the findings of this review through the media and through cancer organizations is needed to more accurately reflect the experience of couples facing breast cancer and, thus, to begin to change the public perception of partner desertion after breast cancer. This could help both women with breast cancer and women from the general population who may one day confront a breast cancer diagnosis.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of the dopamine neuronal reuptake inhibitor GBR 12909 on the dopaminergic neurotransmission parameters in the rat striatum in vivo].

The aim of the present research was to investigate the effects of the selective dopamine re-uptake inhibitor GBR 12909 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) on dopaminergic neurotransmission in rat striatum. GBR 12909 increased DA levels in microdialysis samples from freely moving rats. In contrast, administration of GBR 12909 slightly decreased the NSD 1015 (50 mg/kg)--induced DOPA accumulation. This result may be explained as a decrease in DA biosynthesis in response to an increasing amount of DA in the synaptic cleft. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetric monitoring of electrically-evoked DA showed significant changes after the drug in DA re-uptake (Km), but not DA release. In conclusion, our results support the notion, that GBR 12909 is a specific DA uptake inhibitor without any transmitter releasing action.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Educating nurse administrators.

There are startling changes occurring in the Canadian health care system as it restructures to new realities. The need for well-prepared nursing leaders has never been more evident. This article focuses on the importance of improved educational preparation for nurse administrators/executives. The authors reviewed 91 North American university calendars to determine existing educational programs. Administrators and educators must collaborate to develop educational programs that adequately prepare graduates to function within the changing health care system. To date, there is little evidence that this collaboration has taken place. In this article, the writers outline a proposed model and suggestions for a graduate education program in "nursing administration" that will meet the unique needs of today's nurse administrator/executive.

Curriculum↗