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Biomedical subjects

M Kitahara

Publications and source records attributed to M Kitahara.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Acquired myeloperoxidase deficiency and recurrent infections in a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia.

Acquired myeloperoxidase deficiency has been reported in several hematological malignancies. The clinical course of a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia is described which was characterized by staphylococcal infections prior to therapy and again during a period of relapse. Neutropenia was not a feature of these two periods but in vitro studies revealed decreased bacterial killing capacity and decreased neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity. Infectious complications were not observed during drug-induced remission when bacterial killing capacity and myeloperoxidase activity were improved toward normal. These observations suggest that the myeloperoxidase deficient neutrophils were derived from leukemic progenitors.

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

Measurement of eye deviation under the nonfixative condition in patients with peripheral labyrinthine disorders, especially Meniere's disease.

Among 232 Japanese patients with peripheral disorders, 98 had a unilateral Meniere's disease. In these patients and 20 healthy adults, recordings of eye deviation were made utilizing DC-ENG under two conditions, i.e. eyes closed (EC) and eyes open in the absolute darkness (AD). (1) 90 % tolerance interval of AD. was significantly smaller than that of EC in controls. (2) Appearance of nystagmus in 5 groups with labyrinthine lesions was compared with the direction of deviation toward and against the affected side in both conditions. (3) Concerning unilateral Meniere's, the relationship among deviation, nystagmus and caloric response was analyzed statistically and the clinical application discussed.

Electronystagmography↗
PubMed1979

Neutrophil myeloperoxidase: a simple, reproducible technique to determine activity.

Neutrophil MPO deficiency has been rarely documented. This is because of the low incidence of infections in these individuals and the lack of use of various screening techniques which would detect them. Using the Hemalog D, we have identified one completely deficient and 18 partially deficient subjects. These subjects were studied by staining their peripheral blood smears for MPO and grading the intensity of the stain on 100 consecutive neutrophils (MPO score) as well as by chemically quantifying the MPO activity. There is an excellent correlation between MPO score and quantitated MPO activity. The MPO score is a simple semiquantitative method to estimate MPO activity.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1979

Chronic granulocytic leukemia: long-term remission in a patient with familial sarcoidosis.

A patient is described who has chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and familial sarcoidosis, and who has been in complete remission for six years after a single course of busulfan therapy. Her bone marrow Philadelphia chromosome persists and the leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity remains subnormal. Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase levels in nine white patients with sarcoidosis were all found to be low. Bone marrow chromosomes from two patients with active sarcoidosis showed no Philadelphia chromosome, but one of them, and our patient with CGL, exhibited a pericentric inversion of chromosome 9.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

Monocyte functional and metabolic activity in malignant and inflammatory diseases.

Macrophages or monocytes produce CL upon exposure to ingestible particles such as opsonized zymosan or bacteria. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that activated macrophages from mice produce significantly more CL than do normal macrophages. In the present study, we have utilized the CL assay as well as 14C-1-glucose utilization to assess monocyte metabolic activity in a variety of malignant, infectious, and inflammatory diseases. Monocyte peak CL was significantly increased above control values (20.9 +/- 0.5 (S.E.) X 10(3) cpm) in 25 patients with lymphoma (26.7 +/- 1.5 x 10(3)). Markedly increased CL was also seen in inflammatory processes such as bacterial infections, tuberculosis, and sarcoidosis (32.2 +/- 2.7 x 10(3)). In contrast, monocytes from patients with solid tumors, including carcinomas of breast and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, had peak CL values (22.4 +/- 1.6 x 10(3) which were not significantly different from controls. When studied by determining 14C-1-glucose utilization, hexose monophosphate shunt activity paralleled CL values. Monocyte metabolic activation appears therefore to accompany ongoing infectious or granulomatous processes and may also be present in certain malignancies associated with reticuloendothelial stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Bilateral Meniere's disease.

A survey of 265 Japanese patients with Meniere's disease revealed bilateral involvement in approximately 29% of all these patients. Somatic and psychiatric aspects of bilateral Meniere's disease were as follows. (1) The duration of the disease in cases of bilateral involvement was significantly longer than cases of unilateral involvement. (2) An abnormal general condition, a more extensive degree of hearing loss and neurotic type were frequently diagnosed in cases of bilateral involvement. Based on these results, it was concluded that psychiatric management and prevention of aggravation of deafness should be part of the management of treatment in bilateral Meniere's disease.

Female↗
PubMed1976

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of six clinical isolates of Aspergillus.

Several different methods of performing susceptibility tests on six clinical isolates of Aspergillus are described. Some of the conditions that affected the level of susceptibility to drugs were: the type of media used, temperature and time of incubation, and the initial inoculum size. For amphotericin B susceptibility testing, the effectiveness of the polyene antibiotic as measured by visual growth was equivalent to the effectiveness as measured by inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis and dry-weight increase. For 5-fluorocytosine and rifampin, the visual-turbidity method gave minimum inhibitory concentrations that were much higher than those determined by effects on ribonucleic acid synthesis and dry weight. The reason for these discrepancies in susceptibility testing with 5-fluorocytosine and rifampin are unknown. We conclude that the most relevant test of this fungus to antifungal agents will have to be determined by the correlation of in vitro data with animal experiments and clinical results.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1976

Activity of amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, and rifampin against six clinical isolates of Aspergillus.

Amphotericin B in combination with 5-fluorocytosine was synergistic against three clinical isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus and one of three clinical isolates of A. flavus. Amphotericin B in combination with rifampin was synergistic against all six clinical isolates of Aspergillus tested. The levels of 5-fluorocytosine and rifampin required for synergism were higher than clinically achievable concentrations when measurements of synergism were based on visual turbidity; but when the effects of the drugs were measured by inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis or dry-weight increase, much lower concentrations were effective.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1976

A cross-cultural test of the Freudian theory of circumcision.

Freud's thesis that circumcision is a symbolic substitute for castration as a result of the Oedipus conflict was tested by examining 111 societies (see the note to Table 1). The results show that circumcision is likely to be found in societies in which (1) the son sleeps in the mother's bed during the nursing period in bodily contact with her, and/or (2) the father sleeps in a different hut, reducing his influence on the son as a superior and competing male. Since these two factors seems to intensify the son's oedipal attachment to the mother, the data are compatible with Freud's theory. Bettelheim's theory of circumcision is less fully formulated, and only when we assume that males significantly reduce their vagina envy after puberty rites is his theory compatible with the data.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histopathologic findings in surgical specimens of endolymphatic sac in Meniere's disease.

Two types of abnormality in the endolymphatic sac acquired at shunt surgery are presented. One was deep brown pigmentation in the subepithelial connective tissue. The pigment did not react to Prussian blue, thus ruling out hemosiderin. The other, in seven out of eight specimens, was the perisaccular fibrosis. The fibrotic foci in four cases were assumed, from the findings under ordinary illumination and polarized light microscopy, to be reorganized scar tissue.

Atrophy↗