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Biomedical subjects

M Kitano

Publications and source records attributed to M Kitano.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Determination of trace amounts of urea by using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection.

Reaction between urea and hypobromite in alkaline solution was found to produce chemiluminescence with a maximum wavelength at 510 nm. A simple chemiluminescence detection method was used for the determination of urea in human urine and natural aqueous samples, which combined this chemiluminescence reaction with a flow injection analysis system. The relative standard deviation for 5 x 10(-7) mol dm-3 urea is 1.9% (n = 6), and the detection limit is 9.0 x 10(-8) mol dm-3 (3Sr). As this chemiluminescence reaction is very fast, a double concentric tube mixer connected directly to the chemiluminescence cell was used to mix urea solution and hypobromite solution. Alkylamines, carboxylic acids and most amino acids do not interfere in the determination. Ammonium ion interferes, but the sensitivity for ammonium ion is only 1% of that for urea. The interference from ammonium ion was removed sufficiently by using an on-line cation-exchange column.

Flow Injection Analysis↗
PubMed1994

Enhancing effects of organosulfur compounds from garlic and onions on hepatocarcinogenesis in rats: association with increased cell proliferation and elevated ornithine decarboxylase activity.

Four organosulfur compounds from garlic and onions were examined for modifying effects on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced neoplasia of the liver in male F344 rats using the medium-term bioassay system based on the two-step model of hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenic potential was scored by comparing the numbers and areas per cm2 of induced glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci. Isothiocyanic acid isobutyl ester (IAIE), dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), and allyl mercapton (AM) exerted enhancing effects on their development, while dimethyl trisulfide also tended to increase them. To investigate possible mechanisms of the modifying influence, sequential changes in ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC) over 24 h were measured in AM-treated liver tissue without prior DEN initiation. The activity started to increase by 4 h after AM-treatment, and reached maximum at 16 h, compared to controls. Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase activity was not significantly changed. An increase in proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells followed the elevation of ODC activity. These results suggest that IAIE, DPT, and AM promote rat hepatocarcinogenesis and their promoting effect might be caused by increased cell proliferation with increased polyamine biosynthesis. In evaluating relationships between diet and cancer, it is thus appropriate to consider not only a possible protective role of garlic and onions, but also enhancing effects.

Acetyltransferases↗
PubMed1994

Glandular odontogenic cyst: analysis of cytokeratin expression and clinicopathological features.

The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare odontogenic cyst which is still controversial in regard to classification, terminology, and origin. The first Japanese case of GOC is reported. Immunohistochemical examination for expression of cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen by monoclonal antibodies suggested that the lining epithelium was of odontogenic origin with metaplastic mucus-laden cells. We have reviewed the literature and compared the clinicopathological findings of the reported case of GOC with those of botryoid odontogenic cysts (BOC). The anatomical location, age range, and sex of GOC cases were very similar to those of BOC. GOC appears to be a multiocular and mucoepidermoid variant of non-keratinizing odontogenic cysts, which also includes BOC. GOC should be separated from the other types of odontogenic cyst and central mucoepidermoid tumours of salivary gland origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[A case of multifocal eosinophilic granuloma presenting as a rib tumor].

A 19-year-old man was hospitalized because of left chest pain. He had a tumor in the left fifth rib with tenderness. Partial resection of the fifth rib was performed. Pathological examination showed granuloma with infiltration of histiocyte-like cells and eosinophils, and S-100 staining was positive. Therefore, the rib tumor was diagnosed as eosinophilic granuloma. Thereafter, the patient had recurrent bone lesions of the mandible, temporal bone, zygomatic bone, scapula, right eleventh rib, and tibia. Radiation therapy was effective for local treatment of each bone lesion. Moreover, pulmonary lesion was suspected on roentgenographic study. However, he had no respiratory symptoms and there was no significant change on roentgenographic findings over six years. It was considered that follow up for detection of bone and pulmonary lesions should be continued in this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Effect of left heart bypass on right ventricular function in normal and acute heart failure dogs--an application of the conductance catheter to the right ventricle].

We investigated right ventricular function during left heart bypass (LHB) with 18 mongrel open-chest dogs, in normal and acute heart failure (AHF) dogs which underwent aortic cross clamp. Left ventricular unloading was completely accomplished with a centrifugal pump. For more accurate evaluation of right ventricular volume, conductance catheter was employed to assess right ventricular function. Analysis were performed with right ventricular pressure-volume curve which was changed by transient volume loading on right ventricle. And right ventricular properties with and without LHB were compared by the use of load independent parameters as follows. Right ventricular systolic property was evaluated by maximum elastance (Emax) and stroke work-end-diastolic volume relation (SW/EDVR), and its diastolic function was evaluated by end-diastolic pressure-volume relation (EDP/VR). Overall right ventricular performance was assessed by stroke work-end-diastolic pressure relationship (SW/EDPR). In the normal heart, only a parallel shift to the right in EDP/VR and SW/EDVR was noted without any significant changes in slope with LHB. On the other hand, in AHF dogs, the slope of SW/EDVR and SW/EDPR were increased from 0.14 +/- 0.08 to 0.18 +/- 0.08 (p < 0.05), from 0.22 +/- 0.15 to 0.34 +/- 0.19 (p < 0.01), respectively, and the curve of EDP/VR was shifted right and downward. These result suggested that decompression of the left ventricle and septal shifting by LHB provided good diastolic compliance and afterload unloading of the right ventricle, and these effects had a more significant role in acute heart failure than in the normal heart.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Bioabsorbable struts made from poly-L-lactide and their application for treatment of chest deformity.

Poly-L-lactide, a polymer of lactic acid, shows slow degradation in living tissue. Poly-L-lactide plate of high molecular weight maintains more than 90% of its initial mechanical properties for more than 3 months after implantation. Using struts made from poly-L-lactide plate, we performed chest wall reconstruction in 56 patients: for postoperative chronic sternal dehiscence in 23 and sternal elevation for pectus excavatum in 33 cases. The postoperative external appearances of the anterior chest were improved in comparison with the preoperative state in all cases. The internal features were evaluated by computed tomographic scan. Neither postoperative wound infection nor respiratory complication was observed, and no tendency for regression of the anterior chest occurred in any of the patients. In 3 of 56 cases (5.4%; one in the sternal dehiscence group and two in the pectus excavatum group), it was necessary to remove part of the strut because of overgrowth of granulation tissue around the implanted material after 4, 12, and 13 postoperative months, respectively. In the pectus excavatum group, the computed tomographic evaluations showed that poly-L-lactide strut maintained sufficient strength to support the thoracic wall 5 months after implantation. These findings suggest that the bioabsorbable poly-L-lactide strut is a promising material for surgical treatment of chest deformity.

Absorption↗
PubMed1994

[Lobectomy under thoracoscopic guidance].

From September '92 to November '93, 15 lobectomies were performed under thoracoscopic guidance. After a thoracoport was inserted through the seventh intercostal space to conduct the operation utilizing a monitor, a six to ten cm incision was made in the fifth intercostal space. The pulmonary arteries and veins were divided after stapling with an Endo GIA or Roticulator 30-VIII. The lobar bronchus was stapled with a Roticulator 30-3.5, 30-4.8 or an Endo TA and affected lobes were resected. In cases of lung cancer, lymph node dissection has become possible as well due to the improvement of endoscopic instrumentation.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of hemopneumothorax under thoracoscopic guidance: a case report].

A 32-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of chest pain and increasing dyspnea. Chest X-ray on admission revealed a collapsed lung and an air fluid line in the left hemithorax. Shock developed following drainage of 1,500 ml hemorrhagic pleural fluid. Following blood transfusion, emergency surgery was carried out. At operation under thoracoscopic guidance, a bleeding artery originating from the apex of the thoracic cavity and a bulla on the upper lobe were noted. The artery was successfully ligated with surgical clip, and the bulla was resected using EndoGIA. This case report indicates that hemopneumothorax can be safely operated on under thoracoscopic guidance after the patient has recovered from shock by adequate blood transfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A surgical case of achalasia with empyema].

A 57-year-old man who had been complicated with achalasia for thirty years was admitted because of back pain and low grade fever. Chest X-p and Chest CT showed consolidation in the left lower lung field. His respiratory condition was diagnosed as lung abscess preoperatively. After systemic chemotherapy, surgical management was done for both achalasia and this inflammatory respiratory disease. In the operation by left thoracotomy, it was revealed that this case had empyema, not lung abscess. Thus decortication of left lung and esophagomyotomy were performed simultaneously. In the treatment of achalasia, respiratory complications due to aspiration may appear. In addition, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish empyema from lung abscess preoperatively. Therefore much care should be taken during operation in order to treat these respiratory diseases.

Empyema, Pleural↗
PubMed1993

A standardized method of using nude mice for the in vivo screening of antitumor drugs for human tumors.

Human tumors transplanted into nude mice have long been used to assess the effectiveness of antitumor drugs and yet there is still no established standard method in preclinical practice for screening new antitumor drugs in vivo using nude mice. Thus, a cooperative study on the feasibility of a human tumor/nude mouse system for the in vivo screening of drugs was conducted by the Japanese Research Society for Chemosensitivity of Cancer. Two human stomach cancers, H-111 and SC-6-JCK, and one human colon cancer, Co-4, were transplanted serially into nude mice and used as gastrointestinal tract tumors with stable tumor growth. The appropriate dosage of six well-known antitumor drugs [mitomycin C (MMC), cyclophosphamide (CPA), nimustine hydrochloride 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU), cis-platinum (II) diaminodichloride (CDDP), adriamycin (ADM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)] in human tumor-bearing nude mice was determined based on the maximum tolerance dose of the drug. The respective dosages were 6 mg/kg of MMC x 1 (i.p.), 120 mg/kg of CPA x 1 (i.p.), 30 mg/kg of ACNU x 1 (i.p.), 8 mg/kg of CDDP x 1 (i.p.), 8 mg/kg of ADM x 1 (i.v.), and 50 mg/kg of 5-FU q4d x 3 (i.p.). Three weeks after treatment, drug effectiveness was judged by the tumor growth inhibition rate. Treatment with these appropriate doses appeared to show the maximum effect of the respective drugs on the tumor-bearing nude mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Functional integrity of hepatocyte canalicular membrane transport of taurocholate and bilirubin diglucuronide in Eisai hyperbilirubinuria rats.

Eisai hyperbilirubinuria rats (EHBR) are characterized by conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, and impaired or defective excretion of bilirubin, reduced glutathione and other organic anions from hepatocytes. Hepatocyte canalicular membrane vesicles (CMV) from EHBR and normal SD rats were studied with regard to taurocholate (TC) transport driven by ATP or a membrane potential and bicarbonate-stimulated bilirubin diglucuronide (BDG) transport. ATP-dependent uptake or association of BDG with CMV was also studied in both strains of rats. No significant differences in the uptake of TC and BDG by CMV were observed. This indicates the functional integrity of the canalicular transporters for both organic anions in EHBR. Biliary excretion of taurolithocholic acid sulfate (TLCS) is defective in EHBR. However, TLCS inhibited ATP-dependent TC uptake by SD rat CMV competitively, which may be against the hypothesis that a common organic anion carrier is defective in canalicular membranes of jaundiced rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Suppression of plasma endothelin-1 level by alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in normal men.

The effect of synthetic alpha-human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) on plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) level was examined in 6 healthy subjects. Intravenous infusion of alpha-ANP (0.1 micrograms/kg/min) resulted in significant falls in plasma renin activity and aldosterone, but without effect on ET-1 level. An angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, increased plasma renin activity and decreased aldosterone, respectively. However, plasma ET-1 levels were not modified by captopril. In cases with alpha-hANP infusion after captopril (25 mg, p.o.,), the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was further inhibited compared with the first group, and ET-1 at 60 min was significantly suppressed from the baseline. These data suggest that alpha-hANP when combined with captopril brings about the suppression of plasma ET-1 concentrations in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Gingival leiomyomatous hamartoma: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations.

A rare case of leiomyomatous hamartoma of the gingiva is reported and the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features described. A polypoid mass which presented with the appearance of a congenital epulis was located in the midline of the maxillary alveolar ridge of a two-year-old boy. Histologically, the mass was without a capsule and was composed mainly of irregularly arranged fasciculi of large spindle cells resembling smooth muscle cells. The immunohistochemical staining for desmin was strongly positive in these cells. Many nerve fibers were intermingled with them. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm was filled with thin filaments associated with dense patches. Numerous pinocytotic vesicles were present on the cytoplasmic membrane. These findings indicated that the mass consisted mainly of mature smooth muscle cells. The clinical and histological features suggest that the smooth muscle cells in the lesion are of hamartomatous or choristomatous origin, in contrast to true leiomyoma or granular cell congenital epulis.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical application of the thoracic balloon for postpneumonectomy patients].

Pneumonectomy may result in complications such as continuous intrathoracic bleeding and mediastinal shift. We used a thoracic balloon made of silicone rubber in 15 postpneumonectomy patients in an attempt to prevent such complications. Two types of thoracic balloons were used in our series. Type 1 thoracic balloon is a simple balloon requiring cooperation with a drainage tube, and Type 2 is a combination balloon and drainage tube. During surgery, air was injected into the thoracic balloon through an air filter. After removal of the thoracic balloon, infusion of sulfur hexafluoride, SF 6, into the thoracic cavity was performed on the 7th to 10th postoperative days. Placement of thoracic balloons in the pleural space after pneumonectomy is a simple, safe and useful method of preventing both intrathoracic bleeding and mediastinal shift.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Postoperative lung function in patients with funnel chest].

We evaluated the postoperative lung function determined by spirometry in 54 patients with funnel chest (48 males and 6 females: age range, 4-18 years). Thirty-one patients had sternal turnover as corrective surgery, while 23 had sternal elevation with absorbable PLA (polylactic acid) strut. The mean value of vital capacity as a percentage of predicted (%VC) was 97.3% before operation. %VC was decreased at 3 months (80.5%), 6 months (87.4%), 12 months (82.8%), 24 months (85.9%), and 36 months (77.7%) after the operation (p < 0.01). In patients who had sternal elevation, %VC was decreased at 3 months but not at 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, or 36 months after the operation, while %VC was decreased at any point after the operation in patients who had sternal turnover. No significant changes were seen in forced expiratory volume in one second as a percentage of predicted (FEV1.0%), nor in the ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC). In conclusion, sternal elevation with PLA strut is a better corrective surgery for funnel chest than sternal turnover, because of its less lung function loss after the operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Plasma levels of superoxide dismutase and its isomers in patients with chronic renal disease.

To evaluate the significance of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) in chronic renal disease, we evaluated the plasma SOD activity and analyzed the plasma Cu,Zn-SOD isomers employing gel column chromatography. The plasma SOD activity was determined as the biological activity using the nitrite method and the Cu,Zn-SOD concentration was assayed from the immunological activity using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The subjects comprised 185 patients with chronic glomerular disease and 20 hemodialysis patients. Plasma from 170 healthy persons was employed as a control. Both the plasma biological activity and plasma level of Cu,Zn-SOD determined by ELISA were elevated in patients with chronic glomerular disease. In hemodialysis patients, a marked increase in Cu,Zn-SOD level (ELISA) was noted in comparison with the increase in SOD biological activities. Gel column chromatography demonstrated a marked increase in Cu,Zn-SOD monomer which was enzymatically inactive. From these results, we conclude that a marked elevation of the plasma level of Cu,Zn-SOD in hemodialysis patients was caused by an increase in the enzymatically inactive Cu,Zn-SOD monomer.

Adult↗