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M Kment

Publications and source records attributed to M Kment.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Laparoscopic distal resection of the pancreas].

During the last two years, reports on laparoscopic procedures of the pancreas have been on increase. Laparoscopic resection of the pancreatic cauda is indicated, primarily, for benign cystic lesions of the cauda of the pancreas and for neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (mainly insulinomas). We have not recorded any report on the above procedure in the Czech literature. Therefore, in our case review, we have described laparoscopic distal resection of the pancreas with splenectomy for a pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Colitis up-regulates local glucocorticoid activation and down-regulates inactivation in colonic tissue.

BACKGROUND: Pro-inflammatory processes are counteracted by anti-inflammatory factors such as glucocorticoids. The response of target cells to glucocorticoids depends on several factors including prereceptor modulation of glucocorticoid signals via local glucocorticoid metabolism. This is determined by two isoforms of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11betaHSD); 11betaHSD1 operates in vivo as a reductase converting inactive 11-oxo glucocorticoids to active glucocorticoids cortisol or corticosterone, whereas 11betaHSD2 catalyses oxidation of active glucocorticoids to their inactive 11-oxo derivatives. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in local metabolism of glucocorticoids and in the expression of 11betaHSD1 and 11betaHSD2 mRNA during colonic inflammation. METHODS: Acute colitis was induced by intracolonic administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS) or by drinking a dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) solution. Metabolism of glucocorticoids was measured in tissue fragments in vitro and 11betaHSD1 and 11betaHSD2 mRNA abundance was quantified using real-time RT-PCR one week after administration of TNBS and 10 days after drinking the DSS solution. RESULTS: In both models of inflammatory bowel disease we observed down-regulation of corticosterone oxidation to 11-dehydrocorticosterone by 64% (TNBS) and 53% (DSS) and reciprocal stimulation of reduction of 11-dehydrocorticosterone to corticosterone by 83% and 54%, respectively. A similar pattern was observed at the level of mRNA; 11betaHSD1 mRNA was significantly higher (TNBS: increase by 660%; DSS: increase by 760%) and 11betaHSD2 mRNA lower (TNBS: decrease by 85%; DSS: decrease by 60%) during inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Colitis induces local glucocorticoid activation from 11-oxo steroids and decreases glucocorticoid inactivation; i.e. inflammation increases local tissue ratio of active and inactive glucocorticoids. The results indicate that the changes in local metabolism of glucocorticoids could contribute to the control of an overshoot of inflammation processes in the colon.

11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1↗
PubMed1995

[Report on the activity of the Central Commission on Ethics of the Ministry of Health 1990-1994].

The authors summarize the most important activities of the Central ethical commission at home and abroad during four years of its existence. They mention documents elaborated for the needs of the broad public and local ethical commissions incl. the Statute of the central ethical commission. Experience with evaluation of ethical problems pertaining to relations between health professionals and the lay public indicate above all impaired mutual communication. The authors feel that wide publicity of ethical problems in the professional and lay press is essential and should be permanently stimulated.

Czech Republic↗
PubMed1993

[Ethics committees in the Czech Republic].

The authors submit a report on the establishment and activities of new advisory organs which developed in hospitals and at medical faculties and bear the name of ethical commissions. Their task is to approve grants, advisory activities as well as organizing public discussions of ethical problems. The basis of the report are data obtained by means of questionnaires completed by 62 respondents. At present there are 20 ethical commissions in the Czech Republic, 19 local ones and one central one.

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1993

[Report on the activities of the Central Commission on Ethics of the Czech Ministry of Health 1990-1992].

The central ethical commission (CEC) of the Czech Ministry of Health was founded in 1990. The authors submit a report on the activities of this advisory and expert in the sphere of medical ethics. They emphasize that a standpoint was elaborated regarding the problem of doping in the Czech Republic, a moral code of patients' rights and other important documents. The CEC takes into account also views of chairmen of local ethical commissions which were assembled by means of a questionnaire. The CEC foresee its future activity in particular in adequate presentation of its views to the professional and lay public.

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1982

[Adenoma of the ciliary body (author's transl)].

An adenoma of the non-pigmented ciliary body was removed locally; 15 years later the eye was enucleated. The globe contained a small tumor with similar histological features but invasive growth.

Adenoma↗