Biomedical subjects

M Koca

Publications and source records attributed to M Koca.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1993

Prevalence of congenital abnormalities in Turkish school children.

19750 school children, ages 6 to 15 years, were examined by the authors of this study, 1,220 (6.18%) had congenital abnormalities. In this group, 4.23% were boys and 1.88% were girls. Case histories revealed inbreeding amongst the parents (families) of children with congenital malformation to be 8.9% and 8.2% for the rest of the families in this study. There were 27 different congenital abnormalities identified, with prevalence rates of 0.05/1,000 to 15.85/1,000. The most prevalent abnormalities were umbilical hernia (15.85/1000), inguinal hernia (14.50/1,000), pectus carinatum and excavatum (7.68/1,000), undescended testes (9.00/1,000 boys), congenital nevus (3.54/1,000), retractile testis (4.45/1,000 boys), pilonidal sinus (2.63/1,000), pes planus (2.28/1,000), and hemangioma (1.16/1,000). Of the 19,750 children, 70 had multiple anomalies (3.75/1,000).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1993

Clinical electrophysiology relevant for early glaucoma diagnosis.

This review reports findings of the recent literature about electrophysiologic techniques that are used in glaucoma diagnosis and research. Included in this review are results obtained by recording electrical responses from the eye (electroretinograms) and from the brain (visual evoked potentials). Studies concerned the electroretinogram evoked by patterned stimuli that originates in the proximal retina and with flash-evoked responses that originate from the proximal retina, such as oscillatory potentials and scotopic threshold responses, from middle layers of the retina (B wave), and from the outer retina (A waves and C waves). Regarding the pattern electroretinogram, the authors agree on its usefulness in the diagnosis of glaucoma. However, the optimal stimulus conditions (temporal and spatial frequency, retinal location, contrast, and color), which component of the response to evaluate, and the value of the pattern electroretinogram in follow-up treatment are debatable. Flash-evoked components of the electroretinogram that have been considered in the past to be of low value in diagnosis of glaucoma now seem to be more important. New developments in visual evoked potentials techniques, such as photostress methods, contrast sensitivity measurements, ramp stimulation, and selective adaptation for isolating blue-cone activity seem to be promising in further increasing the diagnostic value of visual evoked potential measurements.

Electrophysiology↗

PubMed1991

Modifications of thermoregulation in patients with suprasellar pituitary adenomas.

Thermoregulation was investigated pre and postoperatively in 5 and only preoperatively in 7 patients with suprasellar pituitary adenomas by exposing them to external cold and heat in a climatic chamber. Five healthy subjects served as controls. Body core and skin temperatures, oxygen consumption, electromyographic activity, skin blood flow and local sweating rates were continuously measured. Threshold temperatures for activation of heat production and heat loss were calculated from these data. Hormone analysis was performed before and after stimulation with releasing factors. In the patients, core temperatures as well as threshold temperatures for heat production and heat loss were elevated by about 0.5 degrees C as compared with controls. This elevation of core and threshold temperatures was achieved, despite a reduced resting metabolic rate, by a reduction of skin blood flow indicated by a low mean skin temperature. After successful operation the thermoregulatory alterations normalized. Serum levels of growth hormone were reduced preoperatively and stimulation by GHRF did not cause an appropriate increase. Prolactin was elevated in 6 patients with prolactinomas, but there was no correlation with changes in thermoregulatory threshold temperatures. Stimulation of the other hypophyseal hormones by the combined anterior pituitary function test revealed a normal hormonal response. Apart from prolactin there were no significant hormonal changes postoperatively. It is concluded that disturbances of temperature regulation are present in patients with suprasellar adenomas, but that they are not detectable by routine clinical methods. These alterations probably depend on a disturbance of hypothalamic function and are reversible by surgery.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1989

Dissociation between activation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal antidiuretic system and the type of diuresis during acute intracranial hypertension. Experimental observation.

Acute cerebral compression by a supra- and infratentorial balloon produced a triphasic pattern of diuresis. The 1st phase was characterized by polyuria associated with five fold increase of plasma (p) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentration, decreased urine osmolality in spite of natriuresis and blood pressure elevation. The 2nd phase was characterized by oliguria, a decrease of pADH and reduced urine Na+ concentration, whereas urine osmolality transiently increased. At this stage there was respiratory arrest and fall of blood pressure. The final stage was diabetes insipidus (DI), when EEG activity had disappeared. An increase of serum osmolality mainly occurred during the last DI phase. Serum Na+ concentration fluctuated slightly during the whole period of diuresis. These results present evidence, that the diuresis pattern reflects the hypothalamo-hypophyseal antidiuretic system (HHAS) reaction to acute intracranial pressure (ICP) increase with the vegetative symptoms of cerebral shock.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Neonatal peritonitis.

A retrospective study was undertaken over an eight-year period to assess the mortality rate of 66 newborns who had undergone surgery in our clinic because of peritonitis. The mortality rate for the patients admitted in poor condition was 95.2 percent, whereas it was 45.5 percent for those in good condition. There was a 100 percent mortality associated with newborns that had hypothermia and with those that had severe respiratory difficulties, whereas it was 92.3 percent for low-birth-weight infants and 86.5 percent for dehydrated infants. All babies with sclerema neonatorum died. The newborns with white blood cell counts under 5,000/mm3 also did not survive (83.3%). Etiologically, congenital megacolon, meconium ileus and spontaneous gastrointestinal perforations were the most frequent anomalies leading to death (100%). In the newborns with gastrointestinal perforations, most deaths occurred in patients with perforations of the cecum, duodenum and stomach (100%). Mortality seemed to be greater in patients with complications (77.3%), and it rose to 83.3 percent for patients who had to undergo a repeat operation due to complications. The overall mortality rate was found to be 71.2 percent.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Physical growth measurements of 18,719 primary school children living in Adana, Turkey.

Height and weight measurements of 18,719 healthy children were obtained and the results were compared with those obtained from children living in several regions of Turkey and the USA. The results of these measurements differed significantly. This study demonstrates that local growth standards should be established and used in the evaluation of children.

Adolescent↗