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Biomedical subjects

M Koide

Publications and source records attributed to M Koide.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Sensitivity of group B Streptococcus to various antibiotics (author's transl)].

Group B Streptococcus was isolated from the clinical materials of the patients examined in the Kobe Central Municipal Hospital, in 1974 to 1979. 1. Clinical isolates were all resistant to bacitracin. 2. Serotypes of 19 isolates were type III in 12 strains, Ia in 3, Ic in 2 and untypable in 2. 3. The MICs were determined to 15 antibiotics, and the results showed that penicillin G was the best and in the order of decreasing potency, cefotaxime, ampicillin, ceftizoxime and cefoperazone. 4. Compared with group A Streptococcus, the sensitivity of group B Streptococcus to penicillin G and ampicillin was inferior by 2 to 3 tubes. 5. Based on the above results, the significance of the cephalosporin antibiotic of the third generation, particularly cefotaxime, was evaluated in the treatment of infectious diseases of the newborn infants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Hypolipidemic effect of L-form S-methylmethionine sulfonium chloride in man.

The effect of L-form S-methylmethionine sulfonium chloride (L-MMSC) was studied in 26 patients with hypercholesterolemia during the oral administration period for 8 weeks (daily dose 1500 mg). The oral administration of L-MMSC resulted in the statistically significant decrease of serum total cholesterol (9.7%, P less than 0.001), but not of serum triglycerides. In addition, the statistically significant increases in serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and in the ratios of HDL-cholesterol/(total cholesterol) -- (HDL-cholesterol) and HDL-cholesterol/(total cholesterol) + (triglycerides) were observed by the administration of L-MMSC. The therapeutic effects in in-patients were more remarkable than those in outpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Prolonged neuromuscular blockade following trimetaphan infusion. A case report and in vitro study of cholinesterase inhibition.

This is a case report with postoperatively prolonged neuromuscular blockade of 17 hours duration suspected to be caused by trimetaphan. Inhibitory action of trimetaphan to true cholinesterase (human red cell cholinesterase) was estimated in vitro, and it is concluded that this action is too weak to cause neuromuscular disturbances by acetylcholine excess in clinical doses. Trimetaphan is considered to have a neuromuscular blocking action of a non-depolarising type.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

HLA antigens in Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus.

Lymphocytes of 84 Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus and 150 normal controls were tested for HLA antigens by the microcytotoxicity test. HLA-B12 was found in 37.5 per cent of 32 patients with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, 13.5 per cent of 52 patients with late-onset diabetes, and 9.3 per cent of 150 normal controls. In the insulin-dependent juvenile form, HLA-B12 was associated with the disease more frequently and at a significant level (p less than 0.0005). In Japanese patients with juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus the association is with HLA-B12, not with HLA-B8 and BW15, as in Caucasian patients. There was no significant increase of HLA-B12 in patients with insulin-indpendent diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Lead pollution: records in Southern California coastal sediments.

The present anthropogenic lead fluxes into sediments from the Santa Monica, San Pedro, and Santa Barbara basins of Southern California are, respectively, 0.9, 1.7, and 2.1 micrograms of lead per square centimeter of sea bottom per year; the natural (prepollution) rates for these three basins were, respectively, 0.24, 0.26, and 1.0 microgram of lead per square centimeter per year. Studies of isotopic composition indicate that lead pollutants in coastal sediments are derived mainly from the combustion of lead additives in gasoline.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1971

Mercury in a Greenland ice sheet: evidence of recent input by man.

The increased mercury content in a Greenland ice sheet over the last several decades suggests the dissemination of this element about the earth's atmosphere through the activities of man. The mercury content in the atmosphere appears to result primarily from the degassing of the earth's crust. Increased flux may come about as a result of the enhancement of this degassing process through the actions of man.

Air Pollution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of Gymnema sylvestre, R.Br. on glucose homeostasis in rats.

Effect of Gymnema sylvestre, R.Br. (G. sylvestre; GS4) on glucose homeostasis was studied in rats. In the first set of experiments, the acute effect of GS4 was examined in both non-diabetic and streptozocin (30 mg/kg)-induced mildly diabetic rats. Administration of 1 g/kg body weight of GS4 to 18-h fasted non-diabetic rats significantly attenuated the serum glucose response to oral administration of 1 g/kg glucose. The immunoreactive insulin (IRI) response in GS4-administered rats was lower, but not significantly, than that in control rats. In mildly diabetic rats, a 60 min increment in serum glucose concentrations was significantly reduced by GS4 administration. No IRI response was observed in these diabetic rats irrespective of GS4 administration. In the second set of experiments, the chronic effect of GS4 was examined in mildly diabetic rats. Two weeks after the induction of diabetes, the rats were divided into two groups that had similar impairment of glucose tolerance assessed by an oral glucose loading test. The rats were fed for 32-35 days with either a control diet or a diet supplemented with GS4. After 4 weeks, GS4 showed a tendency to reduce the serum glucose concentrations in the fed state and to improve the glucose tolerance. Gain in body weight, food intake, pancreas weight and the pancreatic contents of IRI, protein, amylase and trypsinogen were unaltered in the GS4-treated group compared with the control. These results suggest the usefulness of G. sylvestre in the treatment of certain classes of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Amylases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extrinsic coagulation factors and tissue factor pathway inhibitor in end-stage chronic renal failure.

The relationship between extrinsic coagulation factors, tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and activated factor XII (FXIIa) was examined in 71 patients with end-stage chronic renal failure. They had chronic stable uremia due to regular hemodialysis. The patients were divided into two age- and sex-matched groups with and without diabetes mellitus. As extrinsic coagulation parameters, FVIIa and FVII antigen (FVIIag), tissue factor antigen and TFPI (the activity and antigen) were measured. FXIIa was measured as a marker of contact activation, and thrombin generation was evaluated using the two markers thrombin-antithrombin III complex and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2. In both hemodialysis groups with and without diabetes, significant elevations of FXIIa, FVIIa and tissue factor, with high levels of TFPI, were found. Thus, hyperactivation of the coagulation system was in part compensated by TFPI, and a significant increase in FXIIa could not directly affect FVIIa hyperactivation. No differences of these parameters, except for FVIIag and fragment 1 + 2, were found between the groups with and without diabetes. It is suggested that the long-term hemodialysis might have masked any differences due to the underlying disease in these two subgroups.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An adult canine model of progressive left ventricular pressure overload.

This article details the development of a model of progressive left ventricular pressure overload (LVPO) in the adult dog. LVPO was induced by banding the proximal ascending aorta in 69 adult conditioned dogs. The base of the aorta was exposed through a right thoracotomy. A tunnel was created by blunt dissection between the aorta and pulmonary arteries. An aortic band was constructed by passing umbilical tapes through the lumen of gortex tubing. This band was placed through the tunnel, then tied around a balloon dilatation catheter. The distal end of the balloon catheter was closed with an injection cap and positioned in a subcutaneous pocket. Aortic stenosis was induced by filling the balloon catheter with saline. A predetermined amount of LVPO was created by adjusting the amount of aortic stenosis. At 2, 4, and 6 weeks after aortic banding the LVPO was increased by transcutaneous injection of saline into the balloon catheter. At 8 weeks the dogs were evaluated for sufficiently decreased cardiac contractility and used acutely in one of several studies. The article also discusses perioperative management, postoperative care, and complications that were encountered during the development of the model. Postoperative pain was managed by the combined use of preemptive and postoperative opioids, local nerve blocks, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Notable intraoperative complications included atrial and ventricular arrhythmias and pulmonary artery laceration during the banding procedure. The most significant postoperative complications were aortic ruptures and congestive heart failure. The success rate of this model has increased from 20% (year 1) to 65% (year 3). This success has been attributed to improvements in band design, surgical technique, and postoperative management.

Animals↗