Biomedical subjects

M Kojiro

Publications and source records attributed to M Kojiro.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Histopathology of membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava in the Budd-Chiari syndrome.

It is generally believed that membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava in the Budd-Chiari syndrome is caused by congenital malformation. However, it does not explain the late onset of the disease. In the current study, hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins were studied in 17 autopsy cases of the Budd-Chiari syndrome, 16 of which had no demonstrable cause (idiopathic). A sufficient amount of vena cava tissue was available for evaluation in 15 cases. Nine had membranous obstruction, with thickness varying from 3 to 8 mm. Thrombus formation was recognized in 7 of 9 cases. Occlusion of hepatic vein orifices of varying degree was present in 8 cases. In these occluding lesions, the basic structure of the venous wall was maintained. The intima was transformed into a fibrous laminar structure, and organized thrombi of varying ages were recognized; they were a mixture of fresh thrombi, organized thrombi, fibrous tissues, recanalizations, and calcifications. It is concluded that in these cases of the Budd-Chiari syndrome, occluding and stenosing lesions in the inferior vena cava and hepatic veins were thrombosis and its sequelae. There was no indication of congenital malformation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

A new human cholangiocellular carcinoma cell line (KMC-1).

We have recently established a cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) cell line, designated KMC-1, from a nude mouse subcutaneous tumor which developed after inoculation of a surgically resected peripheral type CCC from a 62-year-old Japanese male patient. KMC-1 cells grew over a 26-month period and passaged 57 times. These cells retained the morphologic characteristics of both the original tumor and the subcutaneous tumor in the nude mouse, which mainly consisted of irregular tubules and invaded surrounding interstitial tissue in part with an indurate pattern. KMC-1 cells grew in a monolayer pavement-like cell arrangement with tubular formation in part. Some cells and/or glands had a mucin-like substance inside. The doubling time of KMC-1 cells growing in serum-containing medium was 54 h at passage 31. Cell growth in serum-free medium was slow but steady. The number of chromosomes was distributed in range from 73 to 83 with modes of 76 and 78. KMC-1 cells secreted some tumor markers such as DUPAN-2, CA125, TPA, hCG, CA19-9 and ferritin, however, the secretion of DUPAN-2, and CA19-9 and ferritin were only detectable in serum-containing and serum-free medium, respectively. These findings suggest that KMC-1 cells will provide a variety of experimental models for research on CCC and the mechanisms of tumor marker secretion.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗

PubMed1992

Pathomorphologic study of pale bodies in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Pathomorphological and immunohistochemical studies were conducted on cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with pale bodies (PB). HCC containing PBs was seen in 6 (5.7%) of 106 consecutively resected HCC cases. It was of interest that varying degrees of sclerotic change were found in 4 of the 6 cases and a certain correlation between PBs and sclerotic change of HCC tissue was suggested. Histologically, PBs were identified as a pale amorphous substance with a distinct margin and most of PBs occupied the entire cytoplasm of the cancer cells. PBs were practically negative for periodic-acid Schiff, and were also negative for phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin and orcein stains. Ultrastructurally, PBs were found to be a mass of granular or fibrillar materials having a single-layered limiting membrane, and dilated rough endoplasmic reticular (rER) were also found in the vicinity of PBs, suggesting the presence of a close relationship between rough endoplasmic reticula and PBs. Most PBs were found to be strongly positive for anti-fibrinogen antibody and some of them were weakly positive for anti-albumin, but were solely negative for other antibodies such as anti-HBs antigen, anti-alpha-1-antitrypsin, and anti-ferritin. According to those findings, PBs were thought to be fibrinogens accumulating in cystic rER due to a defective intracellular transport or an excretion disturbance.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Sclerosing hepatocellular carcinoma with hypercalcemia--a case report.

A case of sclerosing hepatocellular carcinoma (SHCC) with hypercalcemia was reported. Clinical studies revealed a tumor at the liver hilum with invasion into the bile duct. Light microscopy of the tumor disclosed a moderately differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of the trabecular type with diffuse fibrous stroma. Abundant dense granules were observed in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells with electron microscopy. The elevated serum calcium (13.9 mg/dl) returned to the normal range after resection of the tumor.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMed1992

Ultrastructural studies of the bile duct in alcoholic liver disease.

The fine structural characteristics of the bile duct in patients with alcoholic disease are described. Dark cell metamorphosis, edematous microvilli, and increased number of pinocytotic vesicles on the basal wall surface of the duct epithelium were observed. These alterations may be interpreted as evidence of disordered water metabolism, probably reflecting secretion and reabsorption hyperfunction in the duct epithelium. In addition, widened intercellular spaces in the basal half of the epithelium suggested retention of fluid following reverse pinocytosis along the lateral cell surface. Although no alterations of the duct epithelium distinct from those in patients with other liver diseases were apparent in patients with alcoholic liver disease, the basement membrane of the bile duct exhibited unusual duplication with multiple layers and occasional loop-formation in lacunae on the basal surface.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Incidence of hepatitis D virus infection in Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma--immunohistochemical investigation of the delta antigen.

In order to clarify the incidence of the delta agent among hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) in Kurume, where the hepatitis B infection and its related HCC are most prevalent in Japan, liver tissues from sero hepatitis B surface antigen-positive autopsy cases, with or without HCC, were immunohistochemically investigated for detection of the delta antigen. Only one patient (1.7%) among 58 patients with HCC was found to have delta-antigen in the nuclei in the hepatocytes, which were diffusely distributed throughout the non-cancerous liver. None of 26 patients with liver cirrhosis showed delta-antigen in the liver tissue. The incidence is so low that the delta agent is unlikely to have a role in the development of HCC in our areas.

Antigens, Viral↗

PubMed1991

Establishment and characterization of unique cell lines (KCC-1a and KCC-1b) from endometrial adenocarcinoma with clear cell carcinoma presenting unusual karyotypes and estrogen secretion.

Human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines (KCC-1a and KCC-1b) were established from a resected endometrial carcinoma of a 67-year-old woman. The original tumor showed the bimorphic patterns of tubular adenocarcinoma and clear cell carcinoma. The cell lines have been maintained for 50 months through 100 passages. The doubling time of KCC-1a was 87 hours, whereas that of KCC-1b was 144 hours. The number of chromosomes of KCC-1a distributed in a range from 33 to 79, whereas that of KCC-1b distributed in a range from 64 to 82 (mode, 76). Functionally, both KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells showed the productions of estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) but not estriol (E3) or progesterone (P). These cells grown in a serum-free medium secreted E1 (KCC-1a, 13.6 pg/ml; KCC-1b, 9.5 pg/ml) and E2 (10.5 pg/ml, 9.5 pg/ml) at passage 40. Neither KCC-1a nor KCC-1b cells contained estrogen or progesterone receptors. Tumor markers--alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA 125, and CA 19-9--were not detected. Both KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells produced tumors in nude mice xenografts. Histologically, the tumors of KCC-1a cells were clear cell carcinoma, whereas those of KCC-1b cells were tubular adenocarcinoma. These findings suggest that KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells will provide useful information to clarify the histogenesis of endometrial carcinoma combined with clear cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1991

Coexistence of mature teratoma and thecoma in an ovary. A report of two cases.

Two cases of coexisting mature teratoma and thecoma are reported. In Case 1, a 36-year-old woman presented with severe genital bleeding and an ovarian tumor, 12 x 9 cm in size, was found. In Case 2, a 48-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with severe lower abdominal pain and an ovarian tumor, 15 x 11 cm in size, was detected. Macroscopically, the resected tumors of both cases showed a unilocular cystic tumor adjacent to a solid tumor. Microscopically, the cystic tumors were composed of cutaneous tissues and the solid tumors consisted of spindle cells with lipid-rich cytoplasm, arranged in interlacing bundles. The cystic tumor and the solid tumor were completely separate and no transitional features were recognized histologically.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, perinephric type--a case report.

A 46 year-old woman with perinephric type of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is described. She had a fever and pain with a palpable mass in her right flank. The blood analysis revealed anemia, leucocytosis, gamma-globulinemia, but no hyperlipidemia. The urine analysis showed nothing abnormal, but enterobacter was present in the urine. An intravenous pyelogram demonstrated a right non-functioning kidney. The diagnosis of a perinephric abscess was made from the x-ray and ultrasonogram, and a right nephrectomy was performed. The resected kidney had a tumor-like lump covered with Gerota's fascia at the postero-lateral side of the kidney. The cut surface of the kidney revealed an area of hemorrhage, blood clotting, abscess and a brownish yellow area in the perinephric fat tissue. The calyx and pelvis were normal. Histologically, the brownish yellow area was a granuloma with foam cell infiltration. The foam cells contained lipids. The renal parenchyma showed a non-specific chronic pyelonephritis.

Female↗

PubMed1991

Magnetic resonance imaging of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Thirty-eight patients with small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), size less than 20 mm, initially detected by ultrasound (US) and histologically confirmed, were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, computed tomographic (CT) scan, and angiography. MR imaging demonstrated HCC nodules in nine (75.0%) of 12 patients with tumors less than 10 mm in diameter and in 22 (84.6%) of 26 patients with tumors 10-20 mm in diameter. In total, HCC nodules were detected in 31 of 38 patients (81.6%) by MR imaging. On the other hand, HCC lesions were found on CT scan in 14 of 26 patients (53.8%) and in 27 of 35 patients (77.1%) by angiography. With MR imaging, HCC nodules were demonstrated in 21 of 31 patients on both T1 and T2 weighted images, and 13 of 21 patients (61.9%) were shown to have low intensity areas or iso intensity areas on T1 weighted image, whereas the other eight patients (38.1%) were shown to have high intensity areas. All 21 patients were shown to have high intensity areas on T2 weighted image. Among 15 resected cases, four patients had a high intensity area on T1 weighted image, and a significant fatty change was noted in HCC nodules by histological study of the resected specimen. We suggest that MR imaging is a useful diagnostic imaging modality, even in small HCC of less than 20 mm.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting with pyrexia and leukocytosis: report of five cases.

In the past 26 years we have encountered five patients with primary liver malignancy clinically characterized by high remittent fever and leukocytosis mimicking liver abscess. Two patients underwent exploratory laparotomy, and drainage was carried out in another. The clinical courses went rapidly downhill. The liver was cirrhotic in two patients. The interior of the main mass was almost totally necrotic in four cases. Histologically, the malignant cells in the main portion resembled sarcoma, but in some areas cells appeared epithelial with eosinophilic cytoplasm and were in a trabecular arrangement, except for one case not subjected to autopsy in which histological study was inadequate because of extensive necrosis. It seems that these neoplasms were very poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas rather than combinations of sarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. These patients, therefore, may represent a distinct clinicopathological type of hepatocellular carcinoma that is very rare in Japan but perhaps more common in South Africa, where similar cases have been clinically described in larger numbers.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Massive cardiac involvement of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. An autopsy case.

We describe an unusual autopsy case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma with massive cardiac involvement. The patient was admitted to the hospital with symptoms of fever and cervical lymph node enlargement, which improved following treatment with vincristine sulfate, cyclophosphamide (Endoxan), prednisolone sodium succinate, and doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin). He was then followed up in the outpatient clinic, but was readmitted to the hospital with palpitations and dyspnea. Cardiomegaly developed rapidly, and the patient died of congestive heart failure 3 months after readmission. The heart was massively enlarged at autopsy. The heart, including adhered surrounding tissue, weighed 1600 g. The myocardium was found to be replaced by massive infiltration of atypical lymphoid cells. Cardiac involvement by adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma may result from extension or retrograde flow through cardiac lymphatics from the destroyed mediastinal lymphatic system.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Characterization of oncogenes (K, N-ras and N, c-myc) in subcloned cell lines (KCC-1a and 1b) derived from same endometrial carcinoma presenting well differentiated adenocarcinoma and clear cell carcinoma].

Human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines (KCC-1a and KCC-1b) were established from the same endometrial carcinoma. 1) Amplification of the N-ras gene was not able to be observed in Southern blot hybridization. K-ras gene amplification of KCC-1b was more than 10 fold that of KCC-1a and the control. N-myc gene amplification of KCC-1b was more than 3-5 fold that of KCC-1a. c-myc gene amplifications of KCC-1a and KCC-1b were more than 5-7 fold that of the control DNA. 2) p21 was observed in tubular adenocarcinoma but not in clear cell carcinoma. p21 was detected in KCC-1b cells but not in KCC-1a cells. 3) KCC-1a and KCC-1b cells had quite different characteristics in molecular biology.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

A case of liver cirrhosis with a hyperplastic nodular lesion.

A hyperplastic nodular lesion resembling focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) was found in the cirrhotic liver of a 50-year-old male patient. A nodule was detected by ultrasonography and hepatic angiography conducted as part of a routine follow-up study for chronic liver disease, and was excised under a diagnosis of suspected hepatocellular carcinoma. Grossly, central stellate scar-like septa subdividing the nodule ware noted. These fibrous septa contained many small arteries and veins, as well as bile ducts. The parenchyma of the nodule also contained many small arteries. Although these findings were similar to those seen in typical FNH, the present lesion was different in that it was encapsulated, occurred against a background of liver cirrhosis, lacked hepatocyte hyperplasia and showed hemosiderin deposition.

Hemosiderin↗

PubMed1990

Eosinophilic granuloma of lymph node. A case report.

Eosinophilic granuloma confined to the lymph node of a 25-year-old Japanese woman is reported. She presented with a low-grade fever and pain in the left cervical region. A finger-tip-sized cervical lymph node was excised for histological study. Microscopically, the normal architecture of the lymph node was distorted, and histiocytoid cells had proliferated mainly in the sinus. Numerous eosinophils and an appreciable number of large multinucleated cells were also observed. Ultrastructurally, Birbeck granules were found in the cytoplasm of the histiocytoid cells. Immunohistochemically, the proliferating cells and multinucleated cells were found to be positive for S-100 protein but negative for lysozyme in the cytoplasm. The patient has been well without recurrence for 10 months after the lymph node biopsy.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Pathomorphologic study on the extrahepatic portal vein in idiopathic portal hypertension.

Patients with idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) are known to have sclerotic changes of the intrahepatic portal vein radicles. In order to elucidate the pathological changes in the extrahepatic portal venous system in IPH, studies were carried out on the portal trunk in 12 patients with IPH, 59 patients with liver cirrhosis including some with associated hepatocellular carcinoma, and 12 normal matched control subjects. Histological examinations including histomorphometry were performed on the transverse sections of the portal trunk taken at autopsy. Most of the patients with IPH showed severe phlebosclerosis which was more pronounced than seen in liver cirrhosis. Thrombosis was also frequently observed in IPH. In IPH, the portal trunk was characterized by fibrous thickening of the intima and media with a prominent increase of elastic fibers. The mean area and thickness of the intima and media were significantly greater than in patients with liver cirrhosis. Sclerosis extensively involving both the extrahepatic and intrahepatic ramifications of the portal vein appeared to be characteristic of IPH.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMed1990

Leiomyosarcoma of the rectum with sarcoid-like reaction--a case report.

A 57 year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of bloody stools. A barium enema and coloscopy disclosed a tumor of the rectum. The resected tumor was diagnosed as a leiomyosarcoma, histologically. Many epithelioid granulomas with Langhans type giant cells were found in the tumor, and there was no evidence suggestive of generalized sarcoidosis, tuberculosis or mycosis. Thus, the epithelioid granulomas seen in the leiomyosarcoma were interpreted as a sarcoid-like reaction. As far as could be determined, there has been no reported case of a sarcoid-like reaction associated with a leiomyosarcoma. The occurrence of the sarcoid-like reaction in the present case could be due to the reaction to the metabolites or a degenerative substance of the leiomyosarcoma, or to host resistance to the tumor itself.

Humans↗

PubMed1990

[Pathomorphologic study on early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)--a study of cell density in well-differentiated HCC of the early stage].

In order to clarify the histologic characteristics of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a comparative morphometric study on cell density was performed in 15 HCCs smaller than 2 cm in diameter, 6 HCCs with marked fatty and/or clear cell change, 7 hyperplastic nodules, 5 hyperplastic nodules containing foci of HCC, and non-cancerous areas of the livers bearing small HCC. In well-differentiated HCC, marked increase of cell density accompanying by decrease of cell size and increase of nuclear cytoplasm ratio were prominent, and the cell density was approximately two times larger than that of the non-cancerous area in most cases. In HCCs with marked fatty and/or clear cell change, as an increase of cell density was not evident because of swelling of the cytoplasm due to fat and/or glycogen accumulation, it should be careful to differentiate them from non-cancerous nodular lesions including hyperplastic nodule with marked fatty change. Hyperplastic nodules could be divided into two groups; those with marked increase of cell density, and those without increase of cell density. In the former group, 5 of the 7 nodules contained cancerous foci.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗