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M Koshino

Publications and source records attributed to M Koshino.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Hofstadter butterfly and integer quantum hall effect in three dimensions.

For a three-dimensional (3D) lattice in magnetic fields we have shown that the hopping along the third direction, which normally smears out the Landau quantization gaps, can rather give rise to a Hofstadter's butterfly specific to 3D when a criterion is fulfilled by anisotropic (quasi-one-dimensional) systems. In 3D the angle of the magnetic field plays the role of the field intensity in 2D, so that the butterfly can occur in much smaller fields. We have also calculated the Hall conductivity in terms of the topological invariant in the Kohmoto-Halperin-Wu formula, and each of sigma(xy),sigma(zx) is found to be quantized.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Branching ratio and L2 + L3 intensities of 3d-transition metals in phthalocyanines and the amine complexes

L(2,3) inner-shell excitation spectra were obtained by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) for the divalent first transition series metals in phthalocyanine complexes (MPc) such as titanium oxide phthalocyanine (TiOPc), fluoro-chromium phthalocyanine (CrFPc), manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc), iron phthalocyanine (FePc), cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) and copper phthalocyanine (CuPc). It was found that the value of normalized total intensity of I(L2 + L3) was nearly proportional to the formal electron vacancies of each 3d-state, and the values of the branching ratio, I(L3)/I((L2 + L3), represented a high-spin-state rather than low-spin-state for MnPc, FePc and NiPc. EELS was also applied to charge-transfer complexes of FePc with an amine such as pyridine or gamma-picoline. It was concluded that their I(L2 + L3) intensity of Fe showed the decrease in vacancies of 3d-states on the formation of the charge-transfer complex with these amines, which suggests some electron transfer from the amine to Fe in phthalocyanine. The EELS study provides beneficial information for investigating the electronic states of the specific metal sites in organic materials.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

The effect of ionic strength on the lipid peroxidation of porcine intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles.

The effects of salt concentration gradient (inside to outside) on the lipid peroxidation of porcine intestinal brush-border membrane vesicles have been studied and several interesting features of the peroxidation have been elucidated. The addition of dithiothreitol and Fe2+ is far more effective in induction of the lipid peroxidation than any of the other metal ion species tested (Fe3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cr3+). The peroxidation rate of the membrane vesicles induced by dithiothreitol plus Fe2+ was sensitive for the incubation temperature and was increased with increase of the temperature. Imposition of an inward salt concentration gradient on the membrane vesicles preloaded with 300 mM mannitol by addition of 100 mM chloride of K+, Na+, Li+, Rb+, NH4+ or choline to medium produces a very large reduction of the lipid peroxidation induced by dithiothreitol plus Fe2+. The membrane peroxidation is depressed more with the mannitol (300 mM)-preloaded vesicles than with the K2SO4 (100 mM)-preloaded vesicles when they are incubated in medium containing 20-100 mM of K2SO4. Addition of membrane-permeant anions such as SCN- and I-, but not addition of NO3-, to incubation medium has been found to decrease markedly the lipid peroxidation of the mannitol-preloaded vesicles. From these results it is suggested that the lipid peroxidation of the brush-border membranes by addition of dithiothreitol plus Fe2+ is sensitively changed with change in ionic strength.

Animals↗